anaconda 安装教程

女爷i 2022-05-16 12:09 265阅读 0赞

## 简介 ##

Anaconda是一个用于科学计算的Python发行版，支持 Linux, Mac, Windows系统，提供了包管理与环境管理的功能，可以很方便地解决多版本python并存、切换以及各种第三方包安装问题。[官网简介][Link 1]

## 下载 ##

[官方下载地址][Link 2]

## 安装 ##

### 上传 ###

将Anaconda2-4.4.0-Linux-x86\_64.sh上传到系统某文件夹，例如$HOME文件夹。

### 增加可执行权限 ###

chmod +x Anaconda2-4.4.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

### 执行安装 ###

执行如下命令开始安装  
**./Anaconda2-4.4.0-Linux-x86\_64.sh**

Welcome to Anaconda2 4.4.0 (by Continuum Analytics, Inc.)
    
    In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
    agreement.
    Please, press ENTER to continue
    >>>  
    
    # 输入回车
    
    ===================================
    Anaconda End User License Agreement
    ===================================
    
    Copyright 2017, Continuum Analytics, Inc.
    
    All rights reserved under the 3-clause BSD License:
    
    ...
    ...
    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
    --More--
    
    # 按多次空格进行翻页
    
    kerberos (krb5, non-Windows platforms)
    A network authentication protocol designed to provide strong authentication
    for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
    
    cryptography
    A Python library which exposes cryptographic recipes and primitives.
    
    Do you approve the license terms? [yes|no]
    >>> 
    
    # 输入yes，同意license
    
    Anaconda2 will now be installed into this location:
    $HOME/anaconda2
    
      - Press ENTER to confirm the location
      - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
      - Or specify a different location below
    
    [/home/zhenggang/anaconda2] >>>  
    
    # 输入安装路径，回车；如直接回车，则按默认路径安装
    
    PREFIX=$HOME/anaconda2
    installing: python-2.7.13-0 ...
    installing: _license-1.1-py27_1 ...
    installing: alabaster-0.7.10-py27_0 ...
    installing: anaconda-client-1.6.3-py27_0 ...
    ...
    ...
    installing: anaconda-4.4.0-np112py27_0 ...
    installing: conda-4.3.21-py27_0 ...
    installing: conda-env-2.6.0-0 ...
    Python 2.7.13 :: Continuum Analytics, Inc.
    creating default environment...
    installation finished.
    Do you wish the installer to prepend the Anaconda2 install location
    to PATH in your /vol-th/home/zhenggang/.bashrc ? [yes|no]
    [no] >>> 
    
    # 输入yes，则将anaconda的path添加到~/.bashrc文件；
    # 输入no，或者直接回车就不会了。
    
    Prepending PATH=$HOME/anaconda2/bin to PATH in /vol-th/home/zhenggang/.bashrc
    A backup will be made to: $HOME/.bashrc-anaconda2.bak
    
    
    For this change to become active, you have to open a new terminal.
    
    Thank you for installing Anaconda2!
    
    Share your notebooks and packages on Anaconda Cloud!
    Sign up for free: https://anaconda.org

## 配置使用 ##

哪个python?

如果anaconda的PATH没有添加到~/.bashrc文件中，那么每次使用之前，请在当前终端执行如下命令：

如果已经添加到~/.bashrc中，则每次启动终端后会自动调用该anaconda环境。

执行python

在当前终端执行“python”命令，得到：

Python 2.7.13 |Anaconda 4.4.0 (64-bit)| (default, Dec 20 2016, 23:09:15) 
    [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)] on linux2
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    Anaconda is brought to you by Continuum Analytics.
    Please check out: http://continuum.io/thanks and https://anaconda.org
    >>>

## 进阶 ##

如果我们同时安装的了anaconda2和anaconda3，那么可以在~/.bashrc中添加如下命令：

alias py2='export PATH=$HOME/anaconda2/bin:$PATH'
    alias py3='export PATH=$HOME/anaconda2/bin:$PATH'

当想使用python2的时候，就输入py2；同理，输入py3。

[Link 1]: https://www.continuum.io/what-is-anaconda
[Link 2]: https://www.continuum.io/downloads/