CentOS 7 安装Redis单机版和集群

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-05-13 08:20 243阅读 0赞

**Redis下载**

[http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.11.tar.gz][http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-4.0.11.tar.gz]

## **一、单机版搭建** ##

1.上传压缩包到 /usr/download (我自定义放安装包的目录)

2.安装gcc编译环境，命令 **yum install gcc-c++**

3.解压 [redis-4.0.11.tar.gz][http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-4.0.11.tar.gz] 文件，命令 **tar -zxvf  [redis-4.0.11.tar.gz][http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-4.0.11.tar.gz] **（此时会解压到当前目录，我的是在 **usr/download**下，文件夹名是**redis-4.0.11**）

4.将解压出来的 **redis-4.0.11** 移动到  **/usr/local** 下并且命名为 **redis **，命令 **mv  /usr/download/redis-4.0.11   /usr/local/redis**

5.进入redis文件夹，**cd  /usr/local/redis **，执行命令**make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis**(指定安装路径为/usr/local/redis)，可以看到在src目录下生成了几个新的文件，如图（/usr/local/redis目录下）：

![70][]

6.启动

***方式一：***进入redis的src目录下，执行 **./redis-server**

***方式二：***修改redis.conf，进入编辑模式 **vim /usr/local/redis/redis.conf** 修改**daemonize yes**(默认是 no )，**:wq** (保存退出)，使用命令启动：**./src/redis-server redis.conf**(在安装目录/usr/local/redis/执行)

***方式三：***为了使用方便，我们需要将上面**第5步make后生成的这个几个文件**加到/usr/local/bin目录下去。这个目录在Path下面的话，就可以直接执行这几个命令了。

[root@localhost redis]# make install
    cd src && make install
    make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
        CC Makefile.dep
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
    make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
    
    Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
    
        INSTALL install
        INSTALL install
        INSTALL install
        INSTALL install
        INSTALL install
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
    [root@localhost redis]# cd ..
    [root@localhost local]# ll
    总用量 44
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月   3 10:16 bin
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月   3 10:04 data
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 etc
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 games
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 include
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 lib
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 libexec
    drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 7月  24 22:58 redis
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 sbin
    drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 4月   1 04:48 share
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月  23 2011 src
    [root@localhost local]# ll bin
    总用量 30908
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4985275 9月   3 10:16 redis-benchmark
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月   3 10:16 redis-check-aof
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月   3 10:16 redis-check-rdb
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5092431 9月   3 10:16 redis-cli
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root      12 9月   3 10:16 redis-sentinel -> redis-server
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7185836 9月   3 10:16 redis-server
    [root@localhost local]#

可以看到，这几个文件就已经被加载到bin目录下了，下面启动服务器，来看看安装是否成功。使用**redis-server**命令。

[root@localhost local]# redis-server
    9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.291 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
    9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.292 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=32, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=9190, just started
    9190:C 03 Sep 10:19:09.292 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.295 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.312 # Warning: 32 bit instance detected but no memory limit set. Setting 3 GB maxmemory limit with 'noeviction' policy now.
                    _._
               _.-``__ ''-._
          _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.1 (00000000/0) 32 bit
      .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._
     (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
     |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
     |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 9190
      `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
     |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
     |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io
      `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
     |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
     |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
      `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
          `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
              `-._        _.-'
                  `-.__.-'
    
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.316 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.316 # Server initialized
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.318 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:19:09.318 * Ready to accept connections

看到这个界面的话，就表示安装成功了。

下面通过在启动一个linux客户端，通过server-cli shutdown来关闭服务器。

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli shutdown
    [root@localhost ~]#
    
    下面是刚刚服务器启动的客户端的log
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.566 # User requested shutdown...
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.566 * Saving the final RDB snapshot before exiting.
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.631 * DB saved on disk
    9190:M 03 Sep 10:20:45.631 # Redis is now ready to exit, bye bye...
    [root@localhost local]#

此处参考：[https://www.cnblogs.com/zerotomax/p/7468833.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_zerotomax_p_7468833.html]

***方式四：*设置redis开机自启动**

（1）在/etc 目录下新建redis目录

mkdir redis

（2）将/usr/local/redis/redis.conf文件拷贝一份到/etc/redis目录下，并命名6379.conf

cp /usr/local/redis/redis.conf  /etc/redis/6379.conf

（3）将redis的启动脚本复制一份放到/etc/init.d目录下

cp /usr/local/redis/utils/redis_init_script  /etc/init.d/redisd

（4）先切换到/etc/init.d目录下，然后执行自启命令

chkconfig redisd on

service redisd does not support chkconfig

看结果是redisd不支持chkconfig

**解决方法：**

使用vim编辑redisd文件，在第一行加入如下两行注释，保存退出

# chkconfig:   2345 90 10
    # description:  Redis is a persistent key-value database

注释的意思是，redis服务必须在运行级2，3，4，5下被启动或关闭，启动的优先级是90，关闭的优先级是10。

![70 1][]

（5）再次执行开机自启命令，成功

chkconfig redisd on

现在可以直接已服务的形式启动和关闭redis了

**启动：**

service redisd start

**关闭：**

service redisd stop

到此，开机自启设置完成。。。

7.查看是否启动 **ps aux | grep redis**

**![70 2][]**

到此，单机版安装完成。下面是集群搭建。

## **二、集群搭建** ##

Redis 集群至少要有三个节点，每个节点有一备份节点,需要6台服务器。

1.创建一个文件夹:**mkdir redis-cluster  **(我是在/usr/local/下执行命令)  
2.将单机版的redis拷贝到redis-cluster文件夹下:**cp redis redis-cluster/ -r   **(我是在/usr/local/下执行命令)  
3.将redis-cluster下的redis重命名为redis01,使用命令**mv redis redis01    **(我是在/usr/local/redis-cluster/下执行命令)  
4.删除redis01文件夹下的dump.rdb,使用命令**rm dump.rdb**(/usr/local/redis-cluster/redis01/)  
5.修改配置文件,使用命令**vi redis.conf**打开配置文件,使用insert键切换到可编辑状态,依次修改以下三个地方:

①开启后台启动:

![70 3][]

②修改端口:

![70 4][]

③打开集群注释:

![70 5][]

6.再拷贝5个单机版redis,分别修改配置文件,更改端口由7002至7006

cp -r redis01/ redis02
    cp -r redis01/ redis03
    cp -r redis01/ redis04
    cp -r redis01/ redis05
    cp -r redis01/ redis06

7.需要一个ruby脚本,在redis源码文件夹下的src目录下(/usr/local/tools/redis/).将redis-trib.rb拷贝到redis-cluster文件夹下,使用命令

cp redis-trib.rb /usr/local/redis-cluster/(在/usr/local/tools/redis-3.0.0/路径下执行命令)

8.执行ruby脚本之前先安装ruby环境:

①先执行yum install ruby(此命令相当于安装了一个ruby虚拟机,用来解释ruby脚本)  
②安装成功后执行yum install rubygems(此命令是ruby的包管理器)  
③安装redis-trib.rb运行依赖的ruby的包，执行命令进行安装gem install redis，提示：

gem install redis
        ERROR:  Error installing redis:
                redis requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.

原因，ruby版本小于了2.2.2。  
      （1）安装RVM:

gpg2 --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3
    curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
    find / -name rvm -print

/usr/local/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/src/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/src/rvm/bin/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/src/rvm/lib/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/src/rvm/scripts/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/bin/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/lib/rvm   
/usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm

source /usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm

（2）查看rvm库中已知的ruby版本

rvm list known

\# MRI Rubies  
\[ruby-\]1.8.6\[-p420\]  
\[ruby-\]1.8.7\[-head\] \# security released on head  
\[ruby-\]1.9.1\[-p431\]  
\[ruby-\]1.9.2\[-p330\]  
\[ruby-\]1.9.3\[-p551\]  
\[ruby-\]2.0.0\[-p648\]  
\[ruby-\]2.1\[.10\]  
\[ruby-\]2.2\[.10\]  
\[ruby-\]2.3\[.7\]  
\[ruby-\]2.4\[.4\]  
\[ruby-\]2.5\[.1\]  
\[ruby-\]2.6\[.0-preview2\]  
ruby-head  
......

（3）安装一个Ruby版本

rvm install 2.5.1

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.  
No binary rubies available for: centos/7/x86\_64/ruby-2.5.1.  
Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies.  
Checking requirements for centos.  
Installing requirements for centos.  
Installing required packages: patch, automake, bison, libffi-devel, libtool, patch, readline-devel, sqlite-devel, zlib-devel, openssl-devel......................  
Requirements installation successful.  
Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#downloading ruby-2.5.1, this may take a while depending on your connection...  
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current  
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed  
100 13.3M  100 13.3M    0     0   888k      0  0:00:15  0:00:15 --:--:-- 1199k  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#extracting ruby-2.5.1 to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.5.1.....  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#configuring...................................................................  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#post-configuration..  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#compiling....................................................................................  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#installing.............................  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#making binaries executable..  
ruby-2.5.1 - \#downloading rubygems-2.7.7  
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current  
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed  
100  894k  100  894k    0     0   125k      0  0:00:07  0:00:07 --:--:--  142k

......  
      （4）使用当前安装的Ruby

rvm use 2.5.1

Using /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.1

（5）设置默认版本

rvm use 2.5.1 --default

Using /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.1

（6）卸载一个已知版本

rvm remove 2.0.0

（7）查看Ruby版本

ruby --version

ruby 2.5.1p57 (2018-03-29 revision 63029) \[x86\_64-linux\]

（8）安装redis

gem install redis

Fetching: redis-4.0.2.gem (100%)  
Successfully installed redis-4.0.2  
Parsing documentation for redis-4.0.2  
Installing ri documentation for redis-4.0.2  
Done installing documentation for redis after 1 seconds  
1 gem installed

（9）上面的步骤完事了，接下来运行一下redis-trib.rb

![70 6][]

9.启动所有的redis实例

①在安装集群的路径下(我的是/usr/local/redis-cluster),编写一个启动脚本,**vi start-all.sh**,写完之后按ESC键输入**:wq**保存。

cd redis01
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..
    cd redis02
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..
    cd redis03
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..
    cd redis04
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..
    cd redis05
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..
    cd redis06
    ./src/redis-server redis.conf
    cd ..

②给start-all.sh执行的权限,使用命令chmod +x start-all.sh,授权前后对比

![70 7][]

③使用脚本启动redis实例,使用命令./start-all.sh

![70 8][]

执行命令:**./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005 127.0.0.1:7006**，（这里直接写在脚本里了）结果如下:

![70 9][]

![70 10][]

10.连接集群 **redis-cli -c -h  你的IP -p 端口   **或者 **./redis01/src/redis-cli -c -h  你的IP -p 端口**

![70 11][]

11.查看集群中的所有主节点信息 redis-cli -c -p 7001 cluster nodes | grep master

redis-cli -c -p 7001 cluster nodes | grep master

到此,Redis就安装完毕了。

[http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-4.0.11.tar.gz]: http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.11.tar.gz
[70]: /images/20220513/66bc8b3e9505403f990fb46eb35431cc.png
[https_www.cnblogs.com_zerotomax_p_7468833.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/zerotomax/p/7468833.html
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