SpringBoot 配置文件属性获取

忘是亡心i 2022-05-09 01:34 418阅读 0赞

## 1. 获取application.yml或者application.properties中的单个属性 ##

### 1.1 在application.yml中自定义属性 ###

spring:
      application:
        name: spring-boot-study
    server:
      port: 10000
    prop:
      name: z3
      age: 21

### 1.2 在Controller中获取属性 ###

package com.zjw.controller; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class HelloController { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); @Value("${spring.application.name}") private String appName; @Value("${prop.name}") private String propName; @Value("${prop.age}") private int propAge; @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello() { logger.info("HelloController hello function invoked."); return "Hello, My application name is " + appName + "."; } @RequestMapping("/getProp") public String getProp() { logger.info("HelloController getProp function invoked."); return "prop.name: " + propName + ", prop.age: " + propAge; } }

## 2. 以POJO的方式批量读取application.yml或者application.properties中的配置信息 ##

### 2.1 在application.yml中自定义属性 ###

spring:
      application:
        name: spring-boot-study
    server:
      port: 10000
    prop:
      name: z3
      age: 21

### 2.2 创建POJO ###

package com.zjw.entity; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "prop") @Component public class Prop { private String name; private String uuid; private String value; private String greeting; public String getName() { return name; } public String getGreeting() { return greeting; } public void setGreeting(String greeting) { this.greeting = greeting; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getUuid() { return uuid; } public void setUuid(String uuid) { this.uuid = uuid; } public String getValue() { return value; } public void setValue(String value) { this.value = value; } @Override public String toString() { return "[name: " + name + ", value: " + value + ", uuid: " + uuid + ", greeting: " + greeting + "]"; } }

### 2.2 在Controller中使用POJO获取配置数据 ###

package com.zjw.controller; import com.zjw.entity.Prop; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @EnableConfigurationProperties({ Prop.class}) public class HelloController { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); @Value("${spring.application.name}") private String appName; @Value("${prop.name}") private String propName; @Value("${prop.age}") private int propAge; @Autowired private Prop prop; @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello() { logger.info("HelloController hello function invoked."); return "Hello, My application name is " + appName + "."; } @RequestMapping("/getProp") public String getProp() { logger.info("HelloController getProp function invoked."); return "prop.name: " + propName + ", prop.age: " + propAge; } @RequestMapping("/getPropByPojo") public String getPropByPojo() { logger.info("HelloController getPropByPojo function invoked."); return prop.toString(); } @RequestMapping("/getPropByPojoJson") public Prop getPropByPojoJson() { logger.info("HelloController getPropByPojo function invoked."); return prop; } }

## 3. 自定义配置文件 ##

### 3.1 创建配置文件admin.properties ###

admin.username=admin
    admin.password=zhang111111
    admin.id=${random.uuid}

### 3.2 创建POJO类 ###

package com.zjw.entity; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @PropertySource(value = "classpath:admin.properties") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "admin") @Component public class AdminProp { private String id; private String username; private String password; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }

### 3.3 在Controller中使用 ###

package com.zjw.controller; import com.zjw.entity.AdminProp; import com.zjw.entity.Prop; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @EnableConfigurationProperties({ Prop.class, AdminProp.class}) public class HelloController { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); @Value("${spring.application.name}") private String appName; @Value("${prop.name}") private String propName; @Value("${prop.age}") private int propAge; @Autowired private Prop prop; @Autowired private AdminProp adminProp; @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello() { logger.info("HelloController hello function invoked."); return "Hello, My application name is " + appName + "."; } @RequestMapping("/getProp") public String getProp() { logger.info("HelloController getProp function invoked."); return "prop.name: " + propName + ", prop.age: " + propAge; } @RequestMapping("/getPropByPojo") public Prop getPropByPojo() { logger.info("HelloController getPropByPojo function invoked."); return prop; } @RequestMapping("/getAdminProp") public AdminProp getAdminProp(){ logger.info("HelloController getAdminProp function invoked."); return adminProp; } }

## 4. 支持多环境的配置文件 ##

在实际的开发过程中，存在多个环境，例如：开发、测试、生产等，SpringBoot支持在application.yml中指定环境的配置文件，配置格式为application-\{profile\}.properties，其中profile对应环境标识，例如：

> application-dev.yml  
>   
> application-pro.yml  
>   
> application-test.yml

1.  可以在application.yml中配置spring.profiles.active:dev|pro|test 启用不同的配置
2.  可以指定JVM参数 -Dspring.profiles.active=dev|pro|test 启用不同的配置