Python matplotlib，数据可视化，绘制条形图，bar，barh

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-04-23 03:50 334阅读 0赞

**demo.py（绘制条形图，bar，barh）：**

# coding=utf-8
    from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
    from matplotlib import font_manager
    
    # 设置中文字体
    my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc")
    
    x = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
    
    y = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]
    
    
    # 设置图形大小
    plt.figure(figsize=(18,10),dpi=80)
    
    # 绘制条形图
    plt.bar(range(len(x)), y, width=0.3)  # width表示条形粗细
    # 绘制条形图 （横向条形图）
    # plt.barh(range(len(x)), y, height=0.3, color="orange")  # 横向条形图中height表示条形粗细
    
    # 设置x轴刻度
    plt.xticks(range(len(x)), x, fontproperties=my_font, rotation=90)
    # plt.yticks(range(len(x)), x, fontproperties=my_font)  # barh()绘制横向条形图时，设置的是y轴刻度
    
    # 保存图片
    # plt.savefig("./movie.png")
    
    plt.show()

--------------------

**demo.py（绘制多个条形图）：**

# coding=utf-8
    from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
    from matplotlib import font_manager
    
    # 设置中文字体
    my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")
    
    a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
    b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
    b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
    b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]
    
    bar_width = 0.2
    
    x_14 = list(range(len(a)))
    x_15 = [i+bar_width for i in x_14]
    x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]
    
    # 设置图形大小
    plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
    
    # 绘制三个条形图
    plt.bar(range(len(a)), b_14, width=bar_width, label="9月14日")
    plt.bar(x_15, b_15, width=bar_width, label="9月15日")
    plt.bar(x_16, b_16, width=bar_width, label="9月16日")
    
    # 设置图例
    plt.legend(prop=my_font)
    
    # 设置x轴的刻度
    plt.xticks(x_15, a, fontproperties=my_font)
    
    plt.show()

--------------------

**bar绘制的条形图如下：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

--------------------

**barh绘制横向条形图如下：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

--------------------

**绘制的多个条形图如下： **

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

--------------------

**demo.py（用条形图模拟分布直方图）：**

# coding=utf-8
    from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
    
    
    interval = [0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,60,90]  # 区间的坐标
    width = [5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,15,30,60]   # 区间大小(条形粗细)
    quantity = [836,2737,3723,3926,3596,1438,3273,642,824,613,215,47]
    
    
    print(len(interval),len(width),len(quantity))  # 12 12 12
    
    # 设置图形大小
    plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
    
    # 绘制条形图
    plt.bar(interval,quantity,width=width)  # width条形粗细(区间)可以是一个列表
    
    # 设置x轴的刻度
    temp_d = [5]+ width[:-1]
    _x = [i-temp_d[interval.index(i)]*0.5 for i in interval]
    plt.xticks(_x,interval)
    
    plt.grid(alpha=0.4)  # 网格
    plt.show()

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220323/d487f1b1d4d64e19b61374fd1c786ecf.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220323/6599da531e304d1ca8ee63875519fa88.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220323/a833737074a24df3b26c3fbf58754fc5.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvdXlhbmh1YTE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220323/52e7d657266846409a2cd8803bcc635f.png