R数据可视化手册学习——条形图

系统管理员 2021-03-29 13:12 630阅读 0赞

1. 绘制简单条形图

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook 
    library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)
    
    g <- ggplot(data = pg_mean, aes(x = group, y = weight)) +
      geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill = "green", color = "black") # fill表示填充颜色，color表示边线框颜色
    
    g

![801822-20181023092233113-606086935.png][]

2. 绘制簇状条形图

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook的cabbage_exp数据集
    library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)
    
    
    g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) +
      # width表示每个条形的宽度(默认是0.9, 当为0.9时,可以省略width = 0.9), position表示组内条形的间距(position = position_dodge(0.9)可以替换成position = "dodge")  
      #geom_bar(stat = "identity",width = 0.9, position = position_dodge(0.9)) 
      # 上面和下面等价
      geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge")
    
    g

![801822-20181023095302193-584360433.png][]

3. 条形图填充颜色

# 使用ggplot2和gcookboo的数据集upc
    library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)
    
    upc <- subset(uspopchange, rank(Change) > 40)
    
    # 使用scale_fill_manual()对颜色进行填充
    g <- ggplot(data = upc, aes(x = Abb, y = Change, fill = Region)) +
      geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
      scale_fill_manual(values = c("#5ED5D1", "#FF6E97"))
    
    g

![801822-20181023095518771-925520360.png][]

4. 修改坐标名称、标题、添加数据标签

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook的数据集cabbage
    library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)
    
    # 添加标题、X轴、Y轴
    
    # 方法1（通过ggtitle、xlab、ylab）
    g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
      geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
      ggtitle(label = "数据展示") +
      xlab(label = "日期, 品种") +
      ylab(label = "重量") +
      theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) # 标题居中
    
    g
    
    # =====================================
    
    # 方法2（通过labs）
    g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
      geom_bar(stat = "identity") + 
      labs(title = "数据展示", x = "日期, 品种", y = "重量") +
      theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) # 标题居中
    
    g
    
    
    # =====================================
    
    # 添加数据标签
    g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
      geom_bar(stat = "identity") + 
      labs(title = "数据展示", x = "日期, 品种", y = "重量") +
      theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) + # 标题居中
      geom_text(aes(label = Weight), vjust = 1.5) # 添加数据标签，并设置位置
    
    g

![801822-20181023100023887-608836804.png][]  ![801822-20181023100132259-1436543614.png][]

[801822-20181023092233113-606086935.png]: /images/20210329/1617023558399.png
[801822-20181023095302193-584360433.png]: /images/20210329/1617023538118.png
[801822-20181023095518771-925520360.png]: /images/20210329/1617023520361.png
[801822-20181023100023887-608836804.png]: /images/20210329/1617023499891.png
[801822-20181023100132259-1436543614.png]: /images/20210329/1617023476994.png