PHP解析Http协议&协议复习

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-04-15 07:27 394阅读 0赞

PHP解析Http协议&协议复习

最近在整理自己的知识体系，发现很多基础已经忘得差不多了，所以重新学习一次。

Http协议

HTTP是一个应用层协议，由请求和响应构成，是一个标准的客户端服务器模型。HTTP是一个无状态的协议。

请求报文示例
在这里插入图片描述

  1. GET /public/api/index?id=1 HTTP/1.1
  3. Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
  5. Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
  7. Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
  9. Cache-Control: max-age=0
  11. Connection: keep-alive
  13. Host: 192.168.10.10:8088
  15. Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
  17. User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36

响应报文示例
在这里插入图片描述

  1. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
  3. Date: Sun, 25 Oct 2015 15:43:47 GMT
  5. Server: Apache
  7. Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=4v2actjf96v614r2kh36380kq6; path=/
  9. Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
  11. Cache-Control: private
  13. Pragma: no-cache
  15. Vary: Accept-Encoding
  17. Content-Length: 5105
  19. Connection: close
  21. Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
  24. <html>
  25. ....
  26. </html>

代码

  1. <?php
  3. /*php实现监听socket并实时解析Http后返回信息*/
  5. $_POST = $_GET = $_COOKIE = $_REQUEST = $_SESSION = $_FILES =  array();
  6. //创建一个tcp套接字,并监听8088端口
  7. if($web = stream_socket_server('tcp://0.0.0.0:8088',$errno,$errstr)){
  8.     while(true){
  9.         //阻塞式读取
  10.         $conn = @stream_socket_accept($web);
  11.         if($conn){
  12.             //这里简单点只读取最多2048数据
  13.             //定长传输可以加入Content-Length判断body的长度
  14.             //如果是对数据进行分块传输，则判断Transfer-Encoding: chunked，按照truncked协议分批读取数据
  15.             $string = fread($conn,2048);
  16.             // var_dump(json_encode($string));
  17.             list($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SERVER, $_FILES) = parse_http($string);
  18.             fwrite($conn,response(json_encode(array('get'=>$_GET, 'post'=>$_POST, 'cookie'=>$_COOKIE, 'server'=>$_SERVER, 'files'=>$_FILES))));
  19.             fclose($conn);
  20.         }
  21.     }
  22. }else{
  23.     die($errstr);
  24. }
  26. //响应
  27. function response($str){
  28.     $content = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nServer: vruan_web/1.0.0\r\nContent-Length: " . strlen($str)."\r\nContent-type: application/json;charset=UTF-8"."\r\n\r\n{$str}";
  29.     return $content;
  30. }
  32. /*
  33. *  函数:parse_http
  34. *  描述:解析http协议
  35. */
  36. function parse_http($http)
  37. {
  38.         // 初始化
  39.         $_POST = $_GET = $_COOKIE = $_REQUEST = $_SESSION = $_FILES =  array();
  40.         $GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA'] = '';
  41.         // 需要设置的变量名
  42.         $_SERVER = array (
  43.               'QUERY_STRING' => '',
  44.               'REQUEST_METHOD' => '',
  45.               'REQUEST_URI' => '',
  46.               'SERVER_PROTOCOL' => '',
  47.               'SERVER_SOFTWARE' => '',
  48.               'SERVER_NAME' => '',
  49.               'HTTP_HOST' => '',
  50.               'HTTP_USER_AGENT' => '',
  51.               'HTTP_ACCEPT' => '',
  52.               'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE' => '',
  53.               'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING' => '',
  54.               'HTTP_COOKIE' => '',
  55.               'HTTP_CONNECTION' => '',
  56.               'REMOTE_ADDR' => '',
  57.               'REMOTE_PORT' => '0',
  58.         );
  60.         // 将header分割成数组
  61.         list($http_header, $http_body) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $http, 2);
  63.         $header_data = explode("\r\n", $http_header);
  65.         list($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'], $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']) = explode(' ', $header_data[0]);
  67.         unset($header_data[0]);
  68.         foreach($header_data as $content)
  69.         {
  70.             // \r\n\r\n
  71.             if(empty($content))
  72.             {
  73.                 continue;
  74.             }
  75.             list($key, $value) = explode(':', $content, 2);
  76.             $key = strtolower($key);
  77.             $value = trim($value);
  78.             switch($key)
  79.             {
  80.                 // HTTP_HOST
  81.                 case 'host':
  82.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] = $value;
  83.                     $tmp = explode(':', $value);
  84.                     $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] = $tmp[0];
  85.                     if(isset($tmp[1]))
  86.                     {
  87.                         $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] = $tmp[1];
  88.                     }
  89.                     break;
  90.                 // cookie
  91.                 case 'cookie':
  92.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE'] = $value;
  93.                     //将字符串解析成多个变量
  94.                     parse_str(str_replace('; ', '&', $_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE']), $_COOKIE);
  95.                     break;
  96.                 // user-agent
  97.                 case 'user-agent':
  98.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] = $value;
  99.                     break;
  100.                 // accept
  101.                 case 'accept':
  102.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'] = $value;
  103.                     break;
  104.                 // accept-language
  105.                 case 'accept-language':
  106.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'] = $value;
  107.                     break;
  108.                 // accept-encoding
  109.                 case 'accept-encoding':
  110.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] = $value;
  111.                     break;
  112.                 // connection
  113.                 case 'connection':
  114.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION'] = $value;
  115.                     break;
  116.                 case 'referer':
  117.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] = $value;
  118.                     break;
  119.                 case 'if-modified-since':
  120.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'] = $value;
  121.                     break;
  122.                 case 'if-none-match':
  123.                     $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'] = $value;
  124.                     break;
  125.                 case 'content-type':
  126.                     // 不同的请求类型：application/x-www-form-urlencoded application/json multipart/form-data text/xml
  127.                     //demo: Content-Type:multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA
  128.                     if(!preg_match('/boundary="?(\S+)"?/', $value, $match))
  129.                     {
  130.                         $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] = $value;
  131.                     }
  132.                     else
  133.                     {
  134.                         $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] = 'multipart/form-data';
  135.                         $http_post_boundary = '--'.$match[1];
  136.                     }
  137.                     break;
  138.             }
  139.         }
  141.         // 需要解析$_POST
  142.         if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST')
  143.         {   
  144.             //上传文件处理
  145.             if(isset($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']) && $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] === 'multipart/form-data')
  146.             {
  147.                 parse_upload_files($http_body, $http_post_boundary);
  148.             }
  149.             else
  150.             {
  151.                 parse_str($http_body, $_POST);
  152.                 // $GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
  153.                 $GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA'] = $http_body;
  154.             }
  155.         }
  157.         // QUERY_STRING
  158.         $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_QUERY);
  159.         if($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
  160.         {
  161.             // $GET
  162.             parse_str($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'], $_GET);
  163.         }
  164.         else
  165.         {
  166.             $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] = '';
  167.         }
  169.         // REQUEST
  170.         // $_REQUEST = array_merge($_GET, $_POST);
  172.         return array($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SERVER, $_FILES);
  173.  }
  175. /*
  176. *  函数:parse_upload_files
  177. *  描述:解析上传的文件
  178. */
  179. function parse_upload_files($http_body, $http_post_boundary)
  180. {   
  181.     //去除最后一行boundary
  182.     $http_body = substr($http_body, 0, strlen($http_body) - (strlen($http_post_boundary) + 4));
  183.     $boundary_data_array = explode($http_post_boundary."\r\n", $http_body);
  184.     if($boundary_data_array[0] === '')
  185.     {
  186.         unset($boundary_data_array[0]);
  187.     }
  188.     foreach($boundary_data_array as $boundary_data_buffer)
  189.     {
  190.         /**
  191.             Content-Disposition: form-data; name="text"
  193.             title
  194.             ------WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA
  195.             Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="chrome.png"
  196.             Content-Type: image/png
  198.             PNG ... content of chrome.png ...
  199.          */
  200.         list($boundary_header_buffer, $boundary_value) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $boundary_data_buffer, 2);
  201.         // 去掉末尾\r\n
  202.         $boundary_value = substr($boundary_value, 0, -2);
  203.         foreach (explode("\r\n", $boundary_header_buffer) as $item)
  204.         {
  205.             list($header_key, $header_value) = explode(": ", $item);
  206.             $header_key = strtolower($header_key);
  207.             switch ($header_key)
  208.             {
  209.                 case "content-disposition":
  210.                     // 是文件
  211.                     if(preg_match('/name=".*?"; filename="(.*?)"$/', $header_value, $match))
  212.                     {
  213.                         $_FILES[] = array(
  214.                             'file_name' => $match[1],
  215.                             'file_data' => $boundary_value,
  216.                             'file_size' => strlen($boundary_value),
  217.                         );
  218.                         continue;
  219.                     }
  220.                     // 是post field
  221.                     else
  222.                     {
  223.                         // 收集post
  224.                         if(preg_match('/name="(.*?)"$/', $header_value, $match))
  225.                         {
  226.                             $_POST[$match[1]] = $boundary_value;
  227.                         }
  228.                     }
  229.                     break;
  230.             }
  231.         }
  232.     }
  233. }

定义及参考资料

https://www.cnblogs.com/guguli/p/4758937.html
http://caibaojian.com/http-protocol.html

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