用python实现12306抢票

心已赠人 2022-04-08 15:29 301阅读 0赞

用splinter或者selenium都可以实现。这两个库是实现web浏览器自动操作的库。就是模拟人的点击等等一系列操作。  
不过先对应你的谷歌浏览器版本下好对应的chromedriver，然后添加好环境变量  
验证码的部分没有做，就是在你登录的时候要手动点击验证，但是登录进去之后就不用管了，买到票之后会播放歌曲提醒付款。  
网页的按钮等的id直接登录页面按F12开发者工具进行查看。![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3Nzc0MTcx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
城市的cookies也是通过此方法获得。如上图所示。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from splinter.browser import Browser
    from time import sleep
    import time
    import pygame
    from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
    
    
    class ticket(object):
        # 用户名，密码
        username = u"用户名"
        passwd = u"密码"
        # 车次，选择第几趟，0则从上之下依次点击
        order = 0
        ticket_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init"
        login_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init"
        initmy_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306"
        buy = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc"
    
        def login(self):
            self.driver.get(self.login_url)
            # 填充密码
            self.driver.find_element_by_name("loginUserDTO.user_name").send_keys(self.username)
            self.driver.find_element_by_name("userDTO.password").send_keys(self.passwd)
            print(u"等待验证码，自行输入...")
            print("开始登录")
            sleep(5)
            while True:
                if self.driver.current_url!= self.initmy_url:
                    sleep(1)
                else:
                    break
            print("结束登录")
    
        def start(self):
            self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    
            self.login()
            sleep(3)
            self.driver.get(self.ticket_url)
            try:
                print(u"购票页面开始...")
                self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText").send_keys("长沙")
                self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText").send_keys("石门北")
                self.driver.find_element_by_id("train_date").send_keys("2018-03-28")
    
    
    
    
                # K-快速 Z-直达 D-动车 GC-高铁/城际 T-特快
    
                count = 0
                if self.order != 0:
                    while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
                        self.driver.find_by_text(u"查询").click()
                        count += 1
                        print(u"点击查询... 第 %s 次" % count)
                        sleep(0.8)
                        try:
                            self.driver.find_by_text(u"预订")[self.order - 1].click()
                        except Exception as e:
                            print(e)
                            print(u"预订。。。")
                            continue
                else:
                    while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
                        self.driver.find_by_text(u"查询").click()
                        count += 1
                        print(u"点击查询... 第 %s 次" % count)
                        sleep(0.8)
                        try:
                            for i in self.driver.find_by_text(u"预订"):
                                i.click()
                                sleep(1)
                        except Exception as e:
                            print(e)
                            print(u"预订 。。。")
                            continue
                print(u"开始预订...")
                sleep(3)
    
                sleep(1)
                print(u"开始选择用户...")
                self.driver.find_by_text(u"熊桐").last.click()
    
                print(u"提交订单...")
                sleep(1)
                time.sleep(60)
                self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
                sleep(1.5)
                self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
                pygame.mixer.init()
                print("订单完成，播放音乐提醒")
                track = pygame.mixer.music.load(file)
                pygame.mixer.music.play()
                time.sleep(60)
                pygame.mixer.music.stop()
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
    
    
    cities = {
        '北京': '%u5317%u4EAC%2CBJP',
        '广州': '%u5E7F%u5DDE%2CGZQ',
        '杭州': '%u676D%u5DDE%2CHZH',
        '深圳': '%u6DF1%u5733%2CSZQ',
        '武汉': '%u6B66%u6C49%2CWHN',
        '上海': '%u4E0A%u6D77%2CSHH',
        '长沙': '%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ',
        '石门北': '%u77F3%u95E8%u53BF%u5317%2CVFQ'}
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        file = r'.\PycharmProjects\untitled3\她说.mp3'
        ticket = ticket()
        ticket.starts = cities["长沙"]
        ticket.ends = cities["石门北"]
        ticket.dtime = "2018-03-28"
        ticket.start()

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3Nzc0MTcx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220404/3969c3d7582844b7a6b00cf040748662.png