python+selenium实现12306自动登录刷票抢票（自己做黄牛？！）

偏执的太偏执、 2022-03-26 08:44 726阅读 0赞

上一篇写了12306的自动登录破解验证图[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_38283159/article/details/86498159][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_38283159_article_details_86498159]  
这篇算是它的后续部分加上了简单的刷票和预订功能，毕竟登录一下没什么实际价值嘛  
博主曾被黄牛挣过一百大洋至今还耿耿于怀，不清楚他们到达是如何抢票的，我能想到的简单方案就是不断的刷新判断了…  
**效果图**（自动登录部分gif见上篇）  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190116151924654.gif]  
思路就是用selenium模拟我们买票的流程，所以就不详细说了  
**代码**  
说明：代码只处理了二等座（一等座也适用，EF位置不能选），和无需选位置的（关于硬卧等类型是否能够选上下铺我也不知道）

#coding:u8
    
    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
    from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
    from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
    import requests
    import base64
    import re
    import time
    import os
    
    class Demo():
    	def __init__(self,user_name="531218020@qq.com",pass_word="***********"):
    		self.coordinate=[[-105,-20],[-35,-20],[40,-20],[110,-20],[-105,50],[-35,50],[40,50],[110,50]]
    		self.position=["A","B","C","D","E","F"]
    		self.type=["一等座","二等座","硬座","硬卧","软卧","商务座"]
    		self.type_code=["M","0","1","3","4","9"]
    		self.user_name=user_name
    		self.pass_word=pass_word
    		with open("code.json", 'r') as file:
    			code=eval(file.read())
    		self.from_station=code[input("From station:")]
    		self.to_station=code[input("To station:")]
    		self.train_date=input("出发时间(年-月-日):")
    		self.is_student=bool(input("Is student(0/1):"))
    		login_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
    		driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    		driver.set_window_size(1200, 900)
    		driver.get(login_url)
    		self.driver=driver
    		if not os.path.exists("verify"):
    			os.mkdir("verify")
    		if os.path.exists("verify.jpg"):
    			name=os.path.join("verify",str(len(os.listdir("verify")))+".jpg")
    			os.rename("verify.jpg",name)			
    	def login(self):		
    		account=self.driver.find_element_by_class_name("login-hd-account")
    		account.click()
    		userName=self.driver.find_element_by_id("J-userName")
    		userName.send_keys(self.user_name)
    		password=self.driver.find_element_by_id("J-password")
    		password.send_keys(self.pass_word)		
    	def getVerifyImage(self):
    		try:			
    			img_element =WebDriverWait(self.driver, 100).until(
    				EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "J-loginImg"))
    				)
    		except Exception as e:
    			print(u"网络开小差,请稍后尝试")	
    		base64_str=img_element.get_attribute("src").split(",")[-1]
    		imgdata=base64.b64decode(base64_str)
    		with open('verify.jpg','wb') as file:
    			file.write(imgdata)
    		self.img_element=img_element
    	def getVerifyResult(self):
    		url="http://littlebigluo.qicp.net:47720/"
    		response=requests.request("POST",url,data={"type":"1"},files=files={'pic_xxfile':open('verify.jpg','rb')})
    		result=[]
    		#print(response.text)
    		try:
    			for i in re.findall("<B>(.*)</B>",response.text)[0].split(" "):
    				result.append(int(i)-1)
    		except Exception as e:
    			print(u"图像处理服务器繁忙，请稍后尝试")
    		self.result=result
    	def moveAndClick(self):
    		try:
    			self.Action=ActionChains(self.driver)
    			for i in self.result:
    				self.Action.move_to_element(self.img_element).move_by_offset(self.coordinate[i][0],self.coordinate[i][1]).click()
    			self.Action.perform()
    		except Exception as e:
    			print(e.message())
    	def submit(self):
    		self.driver.find_element_by_id("J-login").click()
    	def queryTicket(self):
    		query_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init"
    		self.driver.get(query_url)
    		self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById('fromStation').removeAttribute('type')")
    		fromStation=self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStation")
    		fromStation.send_keys(self.from_station)
    		self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById('toStation').removeAttribute('type')")
    		toStation=self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStation")
    		toStation.send_keys(self.to_station)
    		self.driver.execute_script("document.getElementById('train_date').removeAttribute('readonly')")
    		trainDate=self.driver.find_element_by_id("train_date")
    		trainDate.clear()
    		trainDate.send_keys(self.train_date)
    		if self.is_student:
    			self.driver.find_element_by_id("sf2").click()
    		self.driver.find_element_by_id("query_ticket").click()
    	def ticketOrder(self):
    		trains=self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name("number")
    		for i,item in enumerate(trains):
    			print("【{}】{}".format(i,item.text))
    		num=input("请输入预定车次编号：")
    		self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name("btn72")[int(num)].click()		
    		ul=WebDriverWait(self.driver, 100).until(
    				EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "normal_passenger_id"))
    				)
    		time.sleep(1)
    		lis=ul.find_elements_by_tag_name("li")
    		for i,item in enumerate(lis):
    			print("【{}】{}".format(i,item.find_elements_by_tag_name("label")[0].text))
    		num=input("请输入购票人编号：")
    		buy_num=int(num)
    		lis[int(num)].find_elements_by_tag_name('input')[0].click()
    		if self.is_student:
    			self.driver.find_element_by_id("dialog_xsertcj_ok").click()
    		else:
    			self.driver.find_element_by_id("dialog_xsertcj_cancel").click()
    		
    		seatType=self.driver.find_element_by_id("seatType_1")
    		
    		for i,item in enumerate(self.type):
    			print("【{}】{}".format(i,item))
    		num=input("请输入座位类型：")
    		code=self.type_code[int(num)]
    		print("=======余票查询=======")
    		count=1
    		flag=False
    		while 1:
    			print("第{}次查询".format(count))		
    			count+=1
    			for i,item in enumerate(seatType.find_elements_by_tag_name("option")):
    				if item.get_attribute("value") is code:
    					flag=True
    					item.click()
    					break;
    			if flag:
    				break;
    			self.driver.back()
    			time.sleep(1)
    			self.driver.forward()
    			#================================================
    			ul=WebDriverWait(self.driver, 100).until(
    				EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "normal_passenger_id"))
    				)
    			time.sleep(1.5)
    			lis=ul.find_elements_by_tag_name("li")
    			lis[buy_num].find_elements_by_tag_name('input')[0].click()
    			if self.is_student:
    				self.driver.find_element_by_id("dialog_xsertcj_ok").click()
    			else:
    				self.driver.find_element_by_id("dialog_xsertcj_cancel").click()
    			seatType=self.driver.find_element_by_id("seatType_1")
    			#================================================
    			
    		self.driver.find_element_by_id("submitOrder_id").click()
    		if code is "M" or code is"0": 
    			num=input("请输入座位编号：")
    			for i,item in enumerate(self.position):
    				print("【{}】{}".format(i,item))
    			num=input("请输入座位编号：")
    			id="1"+self.position[int(num)]
    			self.driver.find_element_by_id(id).click()
    		time.sleep(1)
    		isorder=input("已有余票,是否预订(【0】取消 【1】预定):")
    		if int(isorder):
    			self.driver.find_element_by_id("qr_submit_id").click()
    			print("预定成功，请及时付款")
    		else:
    			print("Bye~")
    	def __call__(self):
    		self.login()
    		time.sleep(2)
    		self.getVerifyImage()
    		time.sleep(1)
    		self.getVerifyResult()
    		time.sleep(1)
    		self.moveAndClick()
    		time.sleep(1)
    		self.submit()
    		time.sleep(10)
    		self.queryTicket()
    		time.sleep(2)
    		self.ticketOrder()
    		time.sleep(10000)
    Demo()()

**两点说明**  
1、代码中使用的code.json外部文件获取见[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_38283159/article/details/86490978][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_38283159_article_details_86490978]  
中的**[trainService.py][]** 中**crawlCodeMess**方法  
2、如果登录图片验证失败，在十秒内可以手动点击验证图让程序继续下去

**写在最后**  
刚接触selenium，一边查一边写，应该有很多不规范和漏洞，欢迎指正

[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_38283159_article_details_86498159]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38283159/article/details/86498159
[20190116151924654.gif]: /images/20220326/6ec21d71ac2741c2b1ba23a156e4b04a.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_38283159_article_details_86490978]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38283159/article/details/86490978
[trainService.py]: http://trainService.py