自己动手打造 mini 型 QQ (一):动手实现局域网仿 QQ 互联

淩亂°似流年 2022-03-25 11:18 316阅读 0赞

这个项目的由来是来自计算机网络课程学习的大作业，基于socket套接字写一个超小型的QQ，晚上8点到12点的奋战，编码工作大致做完了，GUI框架也有了，特此分享出来。

## 功能介绍 ##

### 已完成 ###

*  支持单人聊天、支持群聊（所有的人都在一个群）
 *  支持单人收发文件、群收发文件
 *  多线程实现并发
 *  人性化的UI界面

### To do list ###

*  给每个ip维护一个昵称，方便聊天
 *  支持单人收发文件、群收发文件
 *  select实现并发

## 操作说明 ##

如图所示：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lnZHh0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

*  左边是用户框架，右边是消息框架
 *  选择\`已登录用户\`，消息/文件是群发的
 *  选择树分支下的某个ip,消息/文件是私发给这个ip的
 *  \`消息\`\`文件\`二选一即可发送，优先发送消息

## 主要技术点 ##

*  socket编程，实现点对点通信
 *  消息格式统一采用json格式，统一打包和解析
 *  wxPython打造GUI界面
 *  多线程编程、函数式编程

## 主要代码 ##

采用python环境编写，pycharm+python3.5.1环境;

下面仅给出主要代码

### [服务端server.py][server.py] ###

def socketHander(connectionSocket):
    	global connectionSocketList
    	connectionSocketList.append(connectionSocket)
    	connectionSocket.settimeout(2)
    	for socket in connectionSocketList:
    		socket.send(json.dumps(updateConnectionList()).encode("utf-8"))
    	while True:
    		try:
    			# 接收消息
    			receivedMessage = connectionSocket.recv(1024)
    			if not receivedMessage:
    				time.sleep(1)
    				continue
    			receivedMessage = receivedMessage.decode("utf-8")
    			receivedMessage = json.loads(receivedMessage)
    			print(receivedMessage)
    
    			type = receivedMessage.get("type")
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
    	serverSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
    	serverSocket.bind((serverIp,serverPort))
    	serverSocket.listen(100)
    	while True:
    		connectionSocket,addr = serverSocket.accept()
    		print(connectionSocket.getpeername()) #('127.0.0.1', 1958)
    		Thread(target=socketHander,args=(connectionSocket,)).start()

### [客户端client.py][client.py] ###

def socketHander(self):
        self.clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        self.clientSocket.connect((serverIp, serverPort))
        self.clientSocket.settimeout(2)
        self.ip,self.port = self.clientSocket.getsockname()
        print("self ip",self.ip)
        while True:
            #发送消息
            if len(self.sendMessage) == 0:
                pass
            else:
                if self.isChoosedFile == True:
                    self.clientSocket.send(json.dumps(self.sendMessage).encode("utf-8"))
                    self.messageList.AppendText("文件[" + self.fileName + "]发送成功\r\n")
                    self.fileName = None
                    self.dataOfChoosedFile = None
                    self.isChoosedFile = False
                    self.sendMessage = ""
    
                else:
                    self.clientSocket.send(json.dumps(self.sendMessage).encode("utf-8"))
                    self.messageList.AppendText("消息["+self.sendMessage.get("content")+"]发送成功\r\n")
                    self.input.SetLabelText("")
                    self.sendMessage = ""
    
            try:
                # 接收消息
                receivedMessage = self.clientSocket.recv(1024)
                receivedMessage = receivedMessage.decode("utf-8")
                receivedMessage = json.loads(receivedMessage)
                print(receivedMessage)
                type = receivedMessage.get("type")
    
                # 客户端接收服务端发来的转发消息
                if type == "1":
                    print("客户端收到消息")
                    sourceIp = receivedMessage.get("sourceIP")
                    content = receivedMessage.get("content")
                    if sourceIp == self.ip:
                        pass
                    else:
                        self.messageList.AppendText("来自:["+sourceIp+"]的消息:["+content+"]\r\n")
    
                elif type == "2":
                    # 客户端接收服务端发来的刷新列表请求
                    self.userList = receivedMessage.get("content")
                    self.setUserList()
    
                elif type == "3":
                    filename = receivedMessage.get("filename")
                    print("rrrr",filename)
                    with open(filename,"w") as f:
                        f.write(receivedMessage.get("content"))
            except:
                print("等待数据...")
                pass
        pass
    
    def setUserList(self):
        self.userListTree.DeleteChildren(self.rootID)
        for user in self.userList:
            # if user == self.ip:
            #     continue
            self.userListTree.AppendItem(self.rootID,user)
        pass

## 函数说明 ##

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="center">函数名称</th> 
   <th align="center">函数功能</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">socket(param1,param2)</td> 
   <td align="center">创建一个套接字，param1指明网络层协议，常用AF_INET(ip协议）；param2指明传输层协议，常用SOCK_STREAM(TCP)、SOCK_DGRAM(UDP)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">bind((param1,param2))</td> 
   <td align="center">绑定socket到指定的ip(param1)和端口(param2),注意param1,param2必须组成一个元组</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">listen(param)</td> 
   <td align="center">指明服务端最大的客户端连接数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">connect((param1,param2))</td> 
   <td align="center">客户端连接到指定的服务端，参数同bind()</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">accept()</td> 
   <td align="center">无参数，服务端接收来自客户端的连接请求</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

关于配置两台PC的连接过程，我已经将过程纪录于此：[局域网下两台PC机互联填坑之路 ][PC_]

下一篇，我们将考虑将服务端部署到阿里云服务器，突破局域网的限制，随时随地聊天。

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lnZHh0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220325/87444649bdc8430aab85b0f6dac91d08.png
[server.py]: http://xn--server-9e4j926k5nzb.py
[client.py]: http://xn--client-9k7k084bhh8c.py
[PC_]: https://blog.csdn.net/ygdxt/article/details/86562919