利用nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器

冷不防 2022-03-20 04:53 405阅读 0赞

实验目的:让Nginx支持flv和mp4格式文件，同时支持Rtmp协议；同时打开rtmp的hls功能  
资料:  
HTTP Live Streaming（缩写是 HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体 网络传输协议。  
HLS只请求基本的HTTP报文，与实时传输协议（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿过任何允许HTTP数据通过的防火墙或者代理服务器。它也很容易使用内容分发网络来传输媒体流。  
使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化（点播实验暂时不测试）  
  
一、准备工作  
模块:nginx\_mod\_h264\_streaming(支持h264编码的视频)  
模块:http\_flv\_module 支持flv  
模块:http\_mp4\_module 支持mp4  
下载地址:  
http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx\_mod\_h264\_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz  
http://nginx.org  
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module  
  
1、安装依赖包:  
\#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86\_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86\_64  
  
2、安装git工具:  
\#mkdir soft-source  
\#cd soft-source  
\#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz  
\#cd git-2013-02-04  
\#autoconf  
\#./configure  
\#make && make install  
\# git --version  
git version 1.8.1.GIT  
\#cd ..  
  
3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：  
\++++++++Yasm+++++++++++  
\#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz  
\#cd yasm-1.2.0  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++x264+++++++++++  
\#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264  
\#cd x264  
\#./configure --enable-shared  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++LAME+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz  
\#cd lame-3.99.5  
\#./configure --enable-nasm  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libogg+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz  
\#cd libogg-1.3.0  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz  
\#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz  
\#cd libvorbis-1.3.3  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++libvpx+++++++++++  
\#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git  
\#cd libvpx  
\#./configure --enable-shared  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz  
\#cd faad2-2.7  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++FAAC+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz  
\#cd faac-1.28  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
\#cd ..  
\++++++++Xvid+++++++++++  
\#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz  
\#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz  
\#cd xvidcore/build/generic  
\#./configure  
\#make  
\#make install  
cd ..  
\#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg  
\#cd ffmpeg  
\#./configure --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads  
\#make && make install  
\#cd ..  
  
修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:  
include ld.so.conf.d/\*.conf  
/lib  
/lib64  
/usr/lib  
/usr/lib64  
/usr/local/lib  
/usr/local/lib64  
/opt/ffmpeg/lib  
\#ldconfig  
二、安装Nginx相关模块  
\#tar zxvf nginx\_mod\_h264\_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz  
\#git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git  
\#tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz  
\#cd pcre-8.12  
\#./configure  
\#make && make install  
\#tar zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz  
\#cd nginx-1.2.6  
\#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../nginx\_mod\_h264\_streaming-2.2.7 --with-http\_flv\_module --with-http\_gzip\_static\_module --with-http\_stub\_status\_module --with-http\_mp4\_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls --with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include --with-ld-opt='-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib'  
\#make && make install  
三、修改nginx主配置文件,配置虚拟主机(这里我们暂时只配置和测试点播，直播请看借鉴地址):  
user nobody nobody;  
worker\_processes 4;  
error\_log logs/nginx\_error.log info;  
pid logs/nginx.pid;  
worker\_rlimit\_nofile 51200;  
events  
\{  
use epoll;  
worker\_connections 51200;  
\}  
\#rtmp\_auto\_push on;  
rtmp \{  
server \{  
listen 1935;  
application vod \{  
play /opt/media/nginxrtmp/flv;  
\}  
\}  
\}  
http  
\{  
include mime.types;  
default\_type application/octet-stream;  
server\_names\_hash\_bucket\_size 128;  
client\_header\_buffer\_size 32k;  
large\_client\_header\_buffers 4 32k;  
client\_max\_body\_size 50m ;  
limit\_conn\_zone $binary\_remote\_addr zone=perip:256k;  
limit\_conn\_log\_level notice;  
sendfile on;  
tcp\_nopush on;  
keepalive\_timeout 6000;\#测试并发临时调大  
tcp\_nodelay on;  
gzip on;  
gzip\_min\_length 1k;  
gzip\_buffers 4 16k;  
gzip\_http\_version 1.0;  
gzip\_comp\_level 2;  
gzip\_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;  
gzip\_vary on;  
\#log format  
log\_format main '$remote\_addr - $remote\_user \[$time\_local\] "$request" '  
'$status $body\_bytes\_sent "$http\_referer" '  
'"$http\_user\_agent" $http\_x\_forwarded\_for';  
  
\#支持flv  
server  
\{  
listen 8081;  
server\_name 192.168.0.33;  
root /opt/pub/media/nginx; \#http协议时候，flv视频位置  
location ~ .\*.(flv|swf|mp4|wma|wmv)$ \{  
valid\_referers none blocked \*.xxxx.com http://localhost;  
if ($invalid\_referer) \{  
return 403;  
\}  
\}  
location ~ \\.flv$ \{  
flv;  
limit\_conn one 20;\#限制客户端并发连接数  
limit\_rate 200k;\#限制每客户端最大带宽  
\}  
location ~ \\.mp4$ \{  
flv;  
limit\_conn one 20;  
limit\_rate 200k;  
\}  
access\_log logs/nginxflv\_access.log main;  
\}  
  
server  
\{  
listen 8082;  
server\_name 192.168.0.33;  
index index.html;  
location / \{  
root /opt/pub/media/nginx-rtmp;  
\}  
access\_log logs/nginxrtmpflv\_access.log main;  
\}  
  
server \{  
listen 8080;  
location /stat \{  
rtmp\_stat all;  
rtmp\_stat\_stylesheet stat.xsl;  
\}  
location /stat.xsl \{  
root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module;  
\}  
location / \{  
root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module/test/rtmp-publisher;  
\}  
\}  
  
  
http://192.168.0.33:8080/stats 查看rtmp客户请求信息  
http://192.168.0.33:8081/index.html 查看nginx http协议时候的flv视频  
http://192.168.0.33:8082/index.html 查看nginx rtmp协议时候的flv视频  
  
四、基本功能测试:  
播放器采用开源播放器jwplayer，将播放器放到index.html同级目录下  
NGINX-Http测试页面index.html(切记http的时候需要给视频添加关键帧)  
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />  
<title>test of nginx-http</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
<div id="myElement"></div>  
<object id="FlashID" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="480" height="360">  
<param name="movie" value="player.swf" />  
<param name="quality" value="high" />  
<param name="wmode" value="opaque" />  
<param name="swfversion" value="6.0.65.0" />  
<param name="flashvars" value="type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true">  
<EMBED SRC="player.swf" WIDTH="480" HEIGHT="360" QUALITY="high" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i  
ndex.cgi?P1\_Prod\_Version=ShockwaveFlash" flashvars="type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true" wmode="opaq  
ue" />  
</object>  
</body>  
</html>  
NGINX-RTMP测试页面index.html  
  
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />  
<title>nginx-rtmp</title>  
</head>  
  
<body>  
<div id="myElement"></div>  
<object id="FlashID" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="480" height="360">  
<param name="movie" value="player.swf" />  
<param name="quality" value="high" />  
<param name="wmode" value="opaque" />  
<param name="swfversion" value="6.0.65.0" />  
<param name="flashvars" value="streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true">  
<EMBED SRC="player.swf" WIDTH="480" HEIGHT="360" QUALITY="high" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i  
ndex.cgi?P1\_Prod\_Version=ShockwaveFlash" flashvars="streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true" wmode="o  
paque" />  
</object>  
</body>  
</html>  
  
页面能打开正常播放就说明配置是正确的。  
  
五、并发测试  
NGINX-HTTP采用loadrunner测试（略）  
NGINX-RTMP采用开源软件flazr测试:  
前提需要安装jdk软件  
client.bat rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod/2.flv -load 500  
这里的500是并发数  
  
由于局域网的限制，带宽测试到一定大小的时候就上不去了，故此步截图不忽略。

借鉴地址:  
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/wiki/Examples  
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog\_438308750100ez27.html  
http://space.itpub.net/27043155/viewspace-735288  
http://riches.blog.51cto.com/1167414/649598  
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module  
http://www.yeeach.com