Python常见问题解决办法汇总

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-02-23 16:13 920阅读 0赞

**1、(unicode error) ‘unicodeescape’ codec can’t decode bytes in position 2-3: truncated \\UXXXXXXXX escap错误，如：**

>>>import sys
    >>>sys.path.append("c:\users\administrator\desktop\py\san.py")

解决办法：在Python中\\是转义符，\\u表示其后是UNICODE编码，因此\\user在这里会报错，在字符串前面加个r表示就可以了，即：

>>>import sys
    >>>sys.path.append(r"c:\users\administrator\desktop\py\san.py")

**2、用urllib.request.urlopen()打开带有中文的网址时会报错**  
解决办法：先用urllib.parse.quote()对链接中的中文进行处理，如下：

import urllib.request
    import urllib.parse
    url = "http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=" +urllib.parse.quote("中国")
    resp = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
    print(resp.read().decode('utf-8'))

注：只对其中的中文进行处理，如果对整个网址进行quote处理也会报错。

**3、报错：OSError: \[Errno 22\] Invalid argument: 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/py/newpy/父亲节 | 致爱你最深 却又从不表达的人.txt’**  
解决办法：  
a、路径转义：路径前加r即可；  
b、文件名错误：文件名不能包含英文中的下列符号 \\ / : \* ? " < > |

**4、在写入TXT文件时，某些页面总是报UnicodeEncodeError: ‘gbk’ codec can’t encode character ‘\\u2022’ in position 172: illegal multibyte sequence错误：**  
解决办法：在f = open(‘test.txt’, ‘w’, encoding=‘utf-8’) 里加上encoding='utf-8’参数。  
原因：网页及python的编码都是utf-8，在写进txt时，Windows默认转码成gbk，遇到某些gbk不支持的字符就会报错。在打开文件时就声明编码方式为utf-8能避免这个错误。

**5、sublime text3中用sublimeREPL打印大文件会很慢甚至卡死的解决办法：**  
解决办法：使用Ctrl+B编译运行（代码中不能包含input()）即可，如果代码中含input()会报错EOFError: EOF when reading a line。

**6、Ctrl+B运行如出现\[decode error - output not utf-8\]问题：**  
解决办法：给电脑添加环境变量，在系统变量中填写变量名PYTHONIOENCODING和变量值utf-8，如是其他编码问题，则值换成其他编码即可。  
添加环境变量（win7）：右键计算机 -> 属性 -> 右侧高级系统设置 -> 环境变量 -> 系统变量(S) -> 新建 -> 输入变量名和变量值 -> 多次确定即可。

**7、IncompleteRead(25856 bytes read, 19 more expected)错误：**  
原因：这个异常表示希望从HTTP body 中读取A 字节，但实际能够读取的字节数小于A个字节。  
HTTP Response 的Header 大致如下:

{'connection': 'keep-alive', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '44668', 'content-encoding': 'gzip'}

可以判断Response body完整传输(safe transport)的要素是 content-length，也就是说实际读到的body体的长度小于content\_length。  
捕获异常及处理：

for li in lie:
    		try:
    			li_code.append(get_html(li))				#获取详情页面code
    		except Exception as e:
    			print(e)
    			#print(e.partial.decode('utf-8'))			#捕获异常原代码
    			li_code.append(e.partial.decode('utf-8'))	#将捕获的异常页面代码添加到列表中（此处根据实际情况更改）
    		continue										#继续for循环

**8、TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation错误：**  
原因：是看似空格实则没有空格引起的，修改了很多遍，发现还是空格失败。  
解决办法：复制前面正常的空格到提示代码前就好了。

**9、openpyxl模块border边框缺失：**  
引入fix\_border.py文件，以下是其完整代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
    #-*-conding=utf-8-*-
    from itertools import product
    import types
    import openpyxl
    from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
    from openpyxl import worksheet
    from openpyxl.utils import range_boundaries
    from itertools import product
    import regex as re                  #此为第三方模块，需pip install regex安装，regex基本兼容re模块
    
    def patch_worksheet():
        """
        这monkeypatches工作表。删除单元格删除错误
        https://bitbucket.org/openpyxl/openpyxl/issues/365/styling-merged-cells-isnt-working
        """
        def merge_cells(self, range_string=None, start_row=None, start_column=None, end_row=None, end_column=None):
            """ 
            在单元格范围中设置merge。Range是单元格范围(例如A1:E1)
            这是monkeypatched删除单元格删除错误
            """
            if not range_string and not all((start_row, start_column, end_row, end_column)):
                msg = "You have to provide a value either for 'coordinate' or for\ 'start_row', 'start_column', 'end_row' *and* 'end_column'"
                raise ValueError(msg)
            elif not range_string:
                range_string = '%s%s:%s%s' % (get_column_letter(start_column),
                                              start_row,
                                              get_column_letter(end_column),
                                              end_row)
            elif ":" not in range_string:
                if COORD_RE.match(range_string):
                    return  # 单个单元格，什么都不做
                raise ValueError("Range must be a cell range (e.g. A1:E1)")
            else:
                range_string = range_string.replace('$', '')
            if range_string not in self.merged_cells:
                self.merged_cells.add(range_string)
            #以下是由这个monkeypatch删除的:
            # min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = range_boundaries(range_string)
            # rows = range(min_row, max_row+1)
            # cols = range(min_col, max_col+1)
            # cells = product(rows, cols)
            # all but the top-left cell are removed
            #for c in islice(cells, 1, None):
                #if c in self._cells:
                    #del self._cells[c]
        #使用monkey patch
        worksheet.Worksheet.merge_cells = merge_cells
    patch_worksheet()

在自己的程序中导入上面文件：

from fix_border import patch_worksheet

然后在load文件前加上patch\_worksheet()  
全部代码为（未验证）：

ws = opx.load_workbook(filename1)
    fix_border.patch_worksheet()
    ws.save(filename2)

**10、清除抓取的HTML特殊字符：**

wz1 = re.sub('<.+?>', "", str)				#去除str中的HTML标签
    	wz2 = wz1.replace('\\r', '\r').replace('\\n', '\n').replace('\\t', '\t').replace(r'\u3000', '').replace(r'\xa0', '').replace(' ', ' ').replace('“', '“').replace('”', '”').replace('[', '').replace(']', '').replace("'", '').replace('·', '·').replace('—', '—').replace('•', '•').replace('…', '…')

# HTML特殊字符编码对照表 #

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">特殊符号</td> 
   <td>命名实体</td> 
   <td>十进制编码</td> 
   <td align="center">特殊符号</td> 
   <td>命名实体</td> 
   <td>十进制编码</td> 
   <td align="center">特殊符号</td> 
   <td>命名实体</td> 
   <td>十进制编码</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Α</td> 
   <td>&amp;Alpha;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#913;</td> 
   <td align="center">Β</td> 
   <td>&amp;Beta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#914;</td> 
   <td align="center">Γ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Gamma;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#915;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Δ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Delta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#916;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ε</td> 
   <td>&amp;Epsilon;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#917;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ζ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Zeta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#918;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Η</td> 
   <td>&amp;Eta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#919;</td> 
   <td align="center">Θ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Theta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#920;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ι</td> 
   <td>&amp;Iota;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#921;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Κ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Kappa;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#922;</td> 
   <td align="center">Λ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Lambda;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#923;</td> 
   <td align="center">Μ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Mu;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#924;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Ν</td> 
   <td>&amp;Nu;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#925;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ξ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Xi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#926;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ο</td> 
   <td>&amp;Omicron;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#927;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Π</td> 
   <td>&amp;Pi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#928;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ρ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Rho;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#929;</td> 
   <td align="center">Σ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Sigma;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#931;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Τ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Tau;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#932;</td> 
   <td align="center">Υ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Upsilon;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#933;</td> 
   <td align="center">Φ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Phi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#934;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">Χ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Chi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#935;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ψ</td> 
   <td>&amp;Psi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#936;</td> 
   <td align="center">Ω</td> 
   <td>&amp;Omega;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#937;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">α</td> 
   <td>&amp;alpha;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#945;</td> 
   <td align="center">β</td> 
   <td>&amp;beta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#946;</td> 
   <td align="center">γ</td> 
   <td>&amp;gamma;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#947;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">δ</td> 
   <td>&amp;delta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#948;</td> 
   <td align="center">ε</td> 
   <td>&amp;epsilon;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#949;</td> 
   <td align="center">ζ</td> 
   <td>&amp;zeta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#950;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">η</td> 
   <td>&amp;eta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#951;</td> 
   <td align="center">θ</td> 
   <td>&amp;theta;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#952;</td> 
   <td align="center">ι</td> 
   <td>&amp;iota;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#953;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">κ</td> 
   <td>&amp;kappa;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#954;</td> 
   <td align="center">λ</td> 
   <td>&amp;lambda;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#955;</td> 
   <td align="center">μ</td> 
   <td>&amp;mu;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#956;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">ν</td> 
   <td>&amp;nu;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#957;</td> 
   <td align="center">ξ</td> 
   <td>&amp;xi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#958;</td> 
   <td align="center">ο</td> 
   <td>&amp;omicron;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#959;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">π</td> 
   <td>&amp;pi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#960;</td> 
   <td align="center">ρ</td> 
   <td>&amp;rho;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#961;</td> 
   <td align="center">ς</td> 
   <td>&amp;sigmaf;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#962;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">σ</td> 
   <td>&amp;sigma;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#963;</td> 
   <td align="center">τ</td> 
   <td>&amp;tau;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#964;</td> 
   <td align="center">υ</td> 
   <td>&amp;upsilon;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#965;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">φ</td> 
   <td>&amp;phi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#966;</td> 
   <td align="center">χ</td> 
   <td>&amp;chi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#967;</td> 
   <td align="center">ψ</td> 
   <td>&amp;psi;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#968;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">ω</td> 
   <td>&amp;omega;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#969;</td> 
   <td align="center">ϑ</td> 
   <td>&amp;thetasym;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#977;</td> 
   <td align="center">ϒ</td> 
   <td>&amp;upsih;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#978;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">ϖ</td> 
   <td>&amp;piv;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#982;</td> 
   <td align="center">•</td> 
   <td>&amp;bull;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8226;</td> 
   <td align="center">…</td> 
   <td>&amp;hellip;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8230;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">′</td> 
   <td>&amp;prime;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8242;</td> 
   <td align="center">″</td> 
   <td>&amp;Prime;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8243;</td> 
   <td align="center">‾</td> 
   <td>&amp;oline;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8254;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⁄</td> 
   <td>&amp;frasl;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8260;</td> 
   <td align="center">℘</td> 
   <td>&amp;weierp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8472;</td> 
   <td align="center">ℑ</td> 
   <td>&amp;image;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8465;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">ℜ</td> 
   <td>&amp;real;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8476;</td> 
   <td align="center">™</td> 
   <td>&amp;trade;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8482;</td> 
   <td align="center">ℵ</td> 
   <td>&amp;alefsym;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8501;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">←</td> 
   <td>&amp;larr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8592;</td> 
   <td align="center">↑</td> 
   <td>&amp;uarr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8593;</td> 
   <td align="center">→</td> 
   <td>&amp;rarr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8594;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">↓</td> 
   <td>&amp;darr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8595;</td> 
   <td align="center">↔</td> 
   <td>&amp;harr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8596;</td> 
   <td align="center">↵</td> 
   <td>&amp;crarr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8629;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⇐</td> 
   <td>&amp;lArr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8656;</td> 
   <td align="center">⇑</td> 
   <td>&amp;uArr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8657;</td> 
   <td align="center">⇒</td> 
   <td>&amp;rArr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8658;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⇓</td> 
   <td>&amp;dArr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8659;</td> 
   <td align="center">⇔</td> 
   <td>&amp;hArr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8660;</td> 
   <td align="center">∀</td> 
   <td>&amp;forall;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8704;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∂</td> 
   <td>&amp;part;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8706;</td> 
   <td align="center">∃</td> 
   <td>&amp;exist;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8707;</td> 
   <td align="center">∅</td> 
   <td>&amp;empty;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8709;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∇</td> 
   <td>&amp;nabla;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8711;</td> 
   <td align="center">∈</td> 
   <td>&amp;isin;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8712;</td> 
   <td align="center">∉</td> 
   <td>&amp;notin;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8713;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∋</td> 
   <td>&amp;ni;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8715;</td> 
   <td align="center">∏</td> 
   <td>&amp;prod;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8719;</td> 
   <td align="center">∑</td> 
   <td>&amp;sum;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8722;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">−</td> 
   <td>&amp;minus;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8722;</td> 
   <td align="center">∗</td> 
   <td>&amp;lowast;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8727;</td> 
   <td align="center">√</td> 
   <td>&amp;radic;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8730;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∝</td> 
   <td>&amp;prop;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8733;</td> 
   <td align="center">∞</td> 
   <td>&amp;infin;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8734;</td> 
   <td align="center">∠</td> 
   <td>&amp;ang;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8736;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∧</td> 
   <td>&amp;and;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8869;</td> 
   <td align="center">∨</td> 
   <td>&amp;or;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8870;</td> 
   <td align="center">∩</td> 
   <td>&amp;cap;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8745;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∪</td> 
   <td>&amp;cup;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8746;</td> 
   <td align="center">∫</td> 
   <td>&amp;int;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8747;</td> 
   <td align="center">∴</td> 
   <td>&amp;there4;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8756;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">∼</td> 
   <td>&amp;sim;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8764;</td> 
   <td align="center">≅</td> 
   <td>&amp;cong;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8773;</td> 
   <td align="center">≈</td> 
   <td>&amp;asymp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8773;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">≠</td> 
   <td>&amp;ne;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8800;</td> 
   <td align="center">≡</td> 
   <td>&amp;equiv;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8801;</td> 
   <td align="center">≤</td> 
   <td>&amp;le;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8804;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">≥</td> 
   <td>&amp;ge;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8805;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊂</td> 
   <td>&amp;sub;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8834;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊃</td> 
   <td>&amp;sup;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8835;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⊄</td> 
   <td>&amp;nsub;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8836;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊆</td> 
   <td>&amp;sube;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8838;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊇</td> 
   <td>&amp;supe;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8839;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⊕</td> 
   <td>&amp;oplus;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8853;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊗</td> 
   <td>&amp;otimes;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8855;</td> 
   <td align="center">⊥</td> 
   <td>&amp;perp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8869;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⋅</td> 
   <td>&amp;sdot;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8901;</td> 
   <td align="center">⌈</td> 
   <td>&amp;lceil;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8968;</td> 
   <td align="center">⌉</td> 
   <td>&amp;rceil;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8969;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">⌊</td> 
   <td>&amp;lfloor;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8970;</td> 
   <td align="center">⌋</td> 
   <td>&amp;rfloor;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#8971;</td> 
   <td align="center">◊</td> 
   <td>&amp;loz;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#9674;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">♠</td> 
   <td>&amp;spades;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#9824;</td> 
   <td align="center">♣</td> 
   <td>&amp;clubs;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#9827;</td> 
   <td align="center">♥</td> 
   <td>&amp;hearts;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#9829;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">♦</td> 
   <td>&amp;diams;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#9830;</td> 
   <td align="center">&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#160;</td> 
   <td align="center">¡</td> 
   <td>&amp;iexcl;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#161;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">¢</td> 
   <td>&amp;cent;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#162;</td> 
   <td align="center">£</td> 
   <td>&amp;pound;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#163;</td> 
   <td align="center">¤</td> 
   <td>&amp;curren;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#164;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">¥</td> 
   <td>&amp;yen;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#165;</td> 
   <td align="center">¦</td> 
   <td>&amp;brvbar;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#166;</td> 
   <td align="center">§</td> 
   <td>&amp;sect;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#167;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">¨</td> 
   <td>&amp;uml;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#168;</td> 
   <td align="center">©</td> 
   <td>&amp;copy;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#169;</td> 
   <td align="center">ª</td> 
   <td>&amp;ordf;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#170;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">«</td> 
   <td>&amp;laquo;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#171;</td> 
   <td align="center">¬</td> 
   <td>&amp;not;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#172;</td> 
   <td align="center"></td> 
   <td>&amp;shy;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#173;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">®</td> 
   <td>&amp;reg;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#174;</td> 
   <td align="center">¯</td> 
   <td>&amp;macr;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#175;</td> 
   <td align="center">°</td> 
   <td>&amp;deg;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#176;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">±</td> 
   <td>&amp;plusmn;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#177;</td> 
   <td align="center">²</td> 
   <td>&amp;sup2;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#178;</td> 
   <td align="center">³</td> 
   <td>&amp;sup3;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#179;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">´</td> 
   <td>&amp;acute;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#180;</td> 
   <td align="center">µ</td> 
   <td>&amp;micro;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#181</td> 
   <td align="center">"</td> 
   <td>&amp;quot;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#34;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">&lt;</td> 
   <td>&amp;lt;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#60;</td> 
   <td align="center">&gt;</td> 
   <td>&amp;gt;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#62;</td> 
   <td align="center">'</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&amp;#39;</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**11、报requests.exceptions.MissingSchema: Invalid URL ‘[lianmeng.360.cn][]’: No schema supplied. Perhaps you meant [http://lianmeng.360.cn][lianmeng.360.cn]? 错误**  
**原因**：无效URL，没有提供模式。  
**解决办法**：在URL前加 http:// 即可解决，如 ‘http://’ + url。

[lianmeng.360.cn]: http://lianmeng.360.cn