安装Rails踩过的坑

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-01-25 16:47 332阅读 0赞

安装ruby on rails时遇到的坑，慢慢踩，慢慢收集

错误：

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb mkmf.rb can't find 
    header files for ruby at /usr/share/include/ruby.h

解决办法：

1.Linux Centos 系统下执行 ：`yum install ruby-devel`  
2.Linux Ubuntu 系统下执行：`apt-get install ruby-dev`

错误：

gem install nokogiri 失败: Error installing nokogiri

ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
    
        /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb
    Extracting libxml2-2.8.0.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0/ports/libxml2/2.8.0... OK
    Running 'configure' for libxml2 2.8.0... OK
    Running 'compile' for libxml2 2.8.0... OK
    Running 'install' for libxml2 2.8.0... OK
    Activating libxml2 2.8.0 (from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.1/ports/x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0/libxml2/2.8.0)...
    Extracting libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0/ports/libxslt/1.1.26... OK
    Running 'configure' for libxslt 1.1.26... OK
    Running 'compile' for libxslt 1.1.26... OK
    Running 'install' for libxslt 1.1.26... OK
    Activating libxslt 1.1.26 (from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.1/ports/x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0/libxslt/1.1.26)...
    checking for libxml/parser.h... yes
    checking for libxslt/xslt.h... yes
    checking for libexslt/exslt.h... yes
    checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... no
    checking for iconv_open() in -liconv... yes
    checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... no
    -----
    libxml2 is missing.  please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.
    -----
    *** extconf.rb failed ***
    Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
    libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file f

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install libxslt-dev libxml2-dev
    sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev  #安装第三方包的依赖库

安装第三方包如果感觉速度太慢就换源

$ gem source -r https://rubygems.org/ 
    $ gem source -a https://gems.ruby-china.com/

要想验证是否替换成功了，可以执行：

$ gem sources -l

最终安装清单

sudo apt-get install ruby
    sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
    sudo apt install ruby-bundler
    sudo apt-get install libxslt-dev libxml2-dev
    sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev  #安装第三方包的依赖库
    sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
    sudo gem install nokogiri
    sudo gem install rails
    sudo gem install bundler