deepin安装zsh以及简单配置

本是古典何须时尚 2022-01-07 23:13 901阅读 0赞

刚安装好deepin，使用了一段时间发现一个很大的不足：自带的终端不能使用tab键，于是上网一阵捣鼓，发现了一个神器可以用来替换自带的终端，那就是本文要安装的zsh。

### 第一步：安装zsh ###

> **$ sudo apt-get install -y zsh**

这只是一个普普通通的bash，它的强大之处在于配置以及对插件的支持，接下来配置zsh。

### 第二步：安装oh-my-zsh ###

此步骤之前需要安装gi：$ sudo apt install git（一个命令的事～^\_^）

安装on-my-zsh,三种方式，任选其一

> sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
> 
> sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
> 
> wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O - | sh

安装成功后的样子是这样的：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzM3MDY0Mjg2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

这里有个坑，本人安装后并没有是这样的，而是提示：

> This is the Z Shell configuration function for new users,  
> zsh-newuser-install.  
> You are seeing this message because you have no zsh startup files  
> (the files .zshenv, .zprofile, .zshrc, .zlogin in the directory  
> ~).  This function can help you with a few settings that should  
> make your use of the shell easier.
> 
> You can:
> 
> (q)  Quit and do nothing.  The function will be run again next time.
> 
> (0)  Exit, creating the file ~/.zshrc containing just a comment.  
>      That will prevent this function being run again.
> 
> (1)  Continue to the main menu.
> 
> (2)  Populate your ~/.zshrc with the configuration recommended  
>      by the system administrator and exit (you will need to edit  
>      the file by hand, if so desired).

谷歌翻译一波，大致应该是配置文件没起到作用，于是网上下载了一个配置文件，一试还真可以。下面贴出配置文件源码：

> \#color\{ \{ \{  
> autoload colors  
> colors  
>    
> for color in RED GREEN YELLOW BLUE MAGENTA CYAN WHITE; do  
> eval \_$color='%\{$terminfo\[bold\]$fg\[$\{(L)color\}\]%\}'  
> eval $color='%\{$fg\[$\{(L)color\}\]%\}'  
> (( count = $count + 1 ))  
> done  
> FINISH="%\{$terminfo\[sgr0\]%\}"  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#命令提示符  
> \# RPROMPT=$(echo "$RED%D %T$FINISH")  
> \# PROMPT=$(echo "$CYAN%n@$YELLOW%M:$GREEN%/$\_YELLOW >>> $FINISH")
> 
> \#命令提示符 \{ \{ \{  
> RPROMPT=$(echo '%\{\\033\[31m%\}%D %T%\{\\033\[m%\}')  
> PROMPT=$(echo '%\{\\033\[34m%\}%M%\{\\033\[32m%\}%/  
> %\{\\033\[36m%\}%n %\{\\033\[01;31m%\}>%\{\\033\[33m%\}>%\{\\033\[34m%\}>%\{\\033\[m%\} ')
> 
>    
> \#PROMPT=$(echo "$BLUE%M$GREEN%/  
> \#$CYAN%n@$BLUE%M:$GREEN%/$\_YELLOW>>>$FINISH ")  
> \#标题栏、任务栏样式\{ \{ \{  
> case $TERM in (\*xterm\*|\*rxvt\*|(dt|k|E)term)  
> precmd () \{ print -Pn "\\e\]0;%n@%M//%/\\a" \}  
> preexec () \{ print -Pn "\\e\]0;%n@%M//%/\\ $1\\a" \}  
> ;;  
> esac  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#编辑器  
> export EDITOR=vim  
> \#输入法  
> export XMODIFIERS="@im=ibus"  
> export QT\_MODULE=ibus  
> export GTK\_MODULE=ibus  
> \#关于历史纪录的配置 \{ \{ \{  
> \#历史纪录条目数量  
> export HISTSIZE=10000  
> \#注销后保存的历史纪录条目数量  
> export SAVEHIST=10000  
> \#历史纪录文件  
> export HISTFILE=~/.zhistory  
> \#以附加的方式写入历史纪录  
> setopt INC\_APPEND\_HISTORY  
> \#如果连续输入的命令相同，历史纪录中只保留一个  
> setopt HIST\_IGNORE\_DUPS  
> \#为历史纪录中的命令添加时间戳  
> setopt EXTENDED\_HISTORY       
>    
> \#启用 cd 命令的历史纪录，cd -\[TAB\]进入历史路径  
> setopt AUTO\_PUSHD  
> \#相同的历史路径只保留一个  
> setopt PUSHD\_IGNORE\_DUPS  
>    
> \#在命令前添加空格，不将此命令添加到纪录文件中  
> \#setopt HIST\_IGNORE\_SPACE  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#每个目录使用独立的历史纪录\{ \{ \{  
> cd() \{  
> builtin cd "$@"                             \# do actual cd  
> fc -W                                       \# write current history  file  
> local HISTDIR="$HOME/.zsh\_history$PWD"      \# use nested folders for history  
> if  \[ ! -d "$HISTDIR" \] ; then          \# create folder if needed  
> mkdir -p "$HISTDIR"  
> fi  
> export HISTFILE="$HISTDIR/zhistory"     \# set new history file  
> touch $HISTFILE  
> local ohistsize=$HISTSIZE  
> HISTSIZE=0                              \# Discard previous dir's history  
> HISTSIZE=$ohistsize                     \# Prepare for new dir's history  
> fc -R                                       \#read from current histfile  
> \}  
> mkdir -p $HOME/.zsh\_history$PWD  
> export HISTFILE="$HOME/.zsh\_history$PWD/zhistory"  
>    
> function allhistory \{ cat $(find $HOME/.zsh\_history -name zhistory) \}  
> function convhistory \{  
> sort $1 | uniq |  
> sed 's/^:\$\[ 0-9\]\*\$:\[0-9\]\*;\$.\*\$/\\1::::::\\2/' |  
> awk -F"::::::" '\{ $1=strftime("%Y-%m-%d %T",$1) "|"; print \}'  
> \}  
> \#使用 histall 命令查看全部历史纪录  
> function histall \{ convhistory =(allhistory) |  
> sed '/^.\\\{20\\\} \*cd/i\\\\' \}  
> \#使用 hist 查看当前目录历史纪录  
> function hist \{ convhistory $HISTFILE \}  
>    
> \#全部历史纪录 top50  
> function top50 \{ allhistory | awk -F':\[ 0-9\]\*:\[0-9\]\*;' '\{ $1="" ; print \}' | sed 's/ /\\n/g' | sed '/^$/d' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 50 \}  
>    
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#杂项 \{ \{ \{  
> \#允许在交互模式中使用注释  例如：  
> \#cmd \#这是注释  
> setopt INTERACTIVE\_COMMENTS       
>    
> \#启用自动 cd，输入目录名回车进入目录  
> \#稍微有点混乱，不如 cd 补全实用  
> setopt AUTO\_CD  
>    
> \#扩展路径  
> \#/v/c/p/p => /var/cache/pacman/pkg  
> setopt complete\_in\_word  
>    
> \#禁用 core dumps  
> limit coredumpsize 0  
>    
> \#Emacs风格 键绑定  
> bindkey -e  
> \#bindkey -v  
> \#设置 \[DEL\]键 为向后删除  
> \#bindkey "\\e\[3~" delete-char  
>    
> \#以下字符视为单词的一部分  
> WORDCHARS='\*?\_-\[\]~=&;!\#$%^()\{\}<>'  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#自动补全功能 \{ \{ \{  
> setopt AUTO\_LIST  
> setopt AUTO\_MENU  
> \#开启此选项，补全时会直接选中菜单项  
> \#setopt MENU\_COMPLETE  
>    
> autoload -U compinit  
> compinit  
>    
> \#自动补全缓存  
> \#zstyle ':completion::complete:\*' use-cache on  
> \#zstyle ':completion::complete:\*' cache-path .zcache  
> \#zstyle ':completion:\*:cd:\*' ignore-parents parent pwd  
>    
> \#自动补全选项  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' verbose yes  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' menu select  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:\*:default' force-list always  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' select-prompt '%SSelect:  lines: %L  matches: %M  \[%p\]'  
>    
> zstyle ':completion:\*:match:\*' original only  
> zstyle ':completion::prefix-1:\*' completer \_complete  
> zstyle ':completion:predict:\*' completer \_complete  
> zstyle ':completion:incremental:\*' completer \_complete \_correct  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' completer \_complete \_prefix \_correct \_prefix \_match \_approximate  
>    
> \#路径补全  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' expand 'yes'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' squeeze-shlashes 'yes'  
> zstyle ':completion::complete:\*' '\\\\'  
>    
> \#彩色补全菜单  
> eval $(dircolors -b)  
> export ZLSCOLORS="$\{LS\_COLORS\}"  
> zmodload zsh/complist  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' list-colors $\{(s.:.)LS\_COLORS\}  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:\*:kill:\*:processes' list-colors '=(\#b) \#(\[0-9\]\#)\*=0=01;31'  
>    
> \#修正大小写  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' matcher-list '' 'm:\{a-zA-Z\}=\{A-Za-z\}'  
> \#错误校正  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' completer \_complete \_match \_approximate  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:match:\*' original only  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:approximate:\*' max-errors 1 numeric  
>    
> \#kill 命令补全  
> compdef pkill=kill  
> compdef pkill=killall  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:\*:kill:\*' menu yes select  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:\*:\*:\*:processes' force-list always  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:processes' command 'ps -au$USER'  
>    
> \#补全类型提示分组  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:matches' group 'yes'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*' group-name ''  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:options' description 'yes'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:options' auto-description '%d'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:descriptions' format $'\\e\[01;33m -- %d --\\e\[0m'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:messages' format $'\\e\[01;35m -- %d --\\e\[0m'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:warnings' format $'\\e\[01;31m -- No Matches Found --\\e\[0m'  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:corrections' format $'\\e\[01;32m -- %d (errors: %e) --\\e\[0m'  
>    
> \# cd ~ 补全顺序  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:-tilde-:\*' group-order 'named-directories' 'path-directories' 'users' 'expand'  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\#行编辑高亮模式 \{ \{ \{  
> \# Ctrl+@ 设置标记，标记和光标点之间为 region  
> zle\_highlight=(region:bg=magenta \#选中区域  
> special:bold      \#特殊字符  
> isearch:underline)\#搜索时使用的关键字  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\#空行(光标在行首)补全 "cd " \{ \{ \{  
> user-complete()\{  
> case $BUFFER in  
> "" )                       \# 空行填入 "cd "  
> BUFFER="cd "  
> zle end-of-line  
> zle expand-or-complete  
> ;;  
> "cd --" )                  \# "cd --" 替换为 "cd +"  
> BUFFER="cd +"  
> zle end-of-line  
> zle expand-or-complete  
> ;;  
> "cd +-" )                  \# "cd +-" 替换为 "cd -"  
> BUFFER="cd -"  
> zle end-of-line  
> zle expand-or-complete  
> ;;  
> \* )  
> zle expand-or-complete  
> ;;  
> esac  
> \}  
> zle -N user-complete  
> bindkey "\\t" user-complete  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\#在命令前插入 sudo \{ \{ \{  
> \#定义功能  
> sudo-command-line() \{  
> \[\[ -z $BUFFER \]\] && zle up-history  
> \[\[ $BUFFER != sudo\\ \* \]\] && BUFFER="sudo $BUFFER"  
> zle end-of-line                 \#光标移动到行末  
> \}  
> zle -N sudo-command-line  
> \#定义快捷键为： \[Esc\] \[Esc\]  
> bindkey "\\e\\e" sudo-command-line  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#命令别名 \{ \{ \{  
> alias cp='cp -i'  
> alias mv='mv -i'  
> alias rm='rm -i'  
> alias ls='ls -F --color=auto'  
> alias ll='ls -al'  
> alias l='ls'  
> alias grep='grep --color=auto'  
> alias la='ls -a'  
> alias vim='sudo vim'  
> alias server='telnet 172.16.99.31 -l fengchunwang -E'  
>    
> \#\[Esc\]\[h\] man 当前命令时，显示简短说明  
> alias run-help >&/dev/null && unalias run-help  
> autoload run-help  
>    
> \#历史命令 top10  
> alias top10='print -l  $\{(o)history%% \*\} | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10'  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#路径别名 \{ \{ \{  
> \#进入相应的路径时只要 cd ~xxx  
> \# hash -d A="/media/ayu/dearest"  
> \# hash -d H="/media/data/backup/ayu"  
> \# hash -d E="/etc/"  
> \# hash -d D="/home/ayumi/Documents"  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\#for Emacs \{ \{ \{  
> \#在 Emacs终端 中使用 Zsh 的一些设置 不推荐在 Emacs 中使用它  
> \#if \[\[ "$TERM" == "dumb" \]\]; then  
> \#setopt No\_zle  
> \#PROMPT='%n@%M %/  
> \#>>'  
> \#alias ls='ls -F'  
> \#fi  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\{ \{ \{自定义补全  
> \#补全 ping  
> zstyle ':completion:\*:ping:\*' hosts 192.168.1.\{1,50,51,100,101\} www.google.com  
>    
> \#补全 ssh scp sftp 等  
> \#zstyle -e ':completion::\*:\*:\*:hosts' hosts 'reply=($\{=$\{$\{(f)"$(cat \{/etc/ssh\_,~/.ssh/known\_\}hosts(|2)(N) /dev/null)"\}%%\[\# \]\*\}//,/ \})'  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\{ \{ \{ F1 计算器  
> arith-eval-echo() \{  
> LBUFFER="$\{LBUFFER\}echo \\$(( "  
> RBUFFER=" ))$RBUFFER"  
> \}  
> zle -N arith-eval-echo  
> bindkey "^\[\[11~" arith-eval-echo  
> \#\}\}\}  
>    
> \#\#\#\#\{ \{ \{  
> function timeconv \{ date -d @$1 +"%Y-%m-%d %T" \}  
>    
> \# \}\}\}  
>    
> zmodload zsh/mathfunc  
> autoload -U zsh-mime-setup  
> zsh-mime-setup  
> setopt EXTENDED\_GLOB  
> \#autoload -U promptinit  
> \#promptinit  
> \#prompt redhat  
>    
> setopt correctall  
> autoload compinstall  
>    
> \#漂亮又实用的命令高亮界面  
> setopt extended\_glob  
>  TOKENS\_FOLLOWED\_BY\_COMMANDS=('|' '||' ';' '&' '&&' 'sudo' 'do' 'time' 'strace')  
>    
>  recolor-cmd() \{  
>      region\_highlight=()  
>      colorize=true  
>      start\_pos=0  
>      for arg in $\{(z)BUFFER\}; do  
>          ((start\_pos+=$\{\#BUFFER\[$start\_pos+1,-1\]\}-$\{\#$\{BUFFER\[$start\_pos+1,-1\]\#\# \#\}\}))  
>          ((end\_pos=$start\_pos+$\{\#arg\}))  
>          if $colorize; then  
>              colorize=false  
>              res=$(LC\_ALL=C builtin type $arg 2>/dev/null)  
>              case $res in  
>                  \*'reserved word'\*)   style="fg=magenta,bold";;  
>                  \*'alias for'\*)       style="fg=cyan,bold";;  
>                  \*'shell builtin'\*)   style="fg=yellow,bold";;  
>                  \*'shell function'\*)  style='fg=green,bold';;  
>                  \*"$arg is"\*)  
>                      \[\[ $arg = 'sudo' \]\] && style="fg=red,bold" || style="fg=blue,bold";;  
>                  \*)                   style='none,bold';;  
>              esac  
>              region\_highlight+=("$start\_pos $end\_pos $style")  
>          fi  
>          \[\[ $\{$\{TOKENS\_FOLLOWED\_BY\_COMMANDS\[(r)$\{arg//|/\\|\}\]\}:+yes\} = 'yes' \]\] && colorize=true  
>          start\_pos=$end\_pos  
>      done  
>  \}  
> check-cmd-self-insert() \{ zle .self-insert && recolor-cmd \}  
>  check-cmd-backward-delete-char() \{ zle .backward-delete-char && recolor-cmd \}  
>    
>  zle -N self-insert check-cmd-self-insert  
>  zle -N backward-delete-char check-cmd-backward-delete-char
> 
> PATH=$\{PATH\}:/opt/toolchains/uclibc-crosstools-gcc-4.2.3-3/usr/bin/  
> PATH=$\{PATH\}:~/bin/  
> \# PATH=$\{PATH\}:/home/arthur/work/WRT54GL-US\_v4.30.13/tools/brcm/hndtools-mipsel-linux-3.2.3/bin  
> export PATH  
> export GIT\_PROXY\_COMMAND=~/bin/proxy-wrapper

大家在![2019063012140373.png][]下面新建一个文件名为.zshrc,然后把源码放进去即可。

如果是第一种方式安装的则默认bash就是zsh，其他方式需要替换:chsh -s /bin/zsh

### 第三步：安装主题 ###

[https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Themes][https_github.com_robbyrussell_oh-my-zsh_wiki_Themes]这个网站里面有各种主题，大家按需下载即可。访问可能有点慢～～

>  *  在安装之前先保证自己电脑上有`powerline font`,因为该主题会使用到这些特殊的字符,使用下面语句检测是否存在该主题需要的特殊字符  
>     **$ echo "\\ue0b0 \\u00b1 \\ue0a0 \\u27a6 \\u2718 \\u26a1 \\u2699"**  
>     正确的输出应该是这样:
>     
>     ![Image 1][]

>  *  如果没有,就安装该[字体库][Link 1]:  
>     **$ sudo apt-get install fonts-powerline**

sudo ls ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes   查看有哪些主题

vim ~/.zshrc  打开配置文件

修改zsh\_theme后面的字符串为自己想要的主题名即可。

修改后$ source ~/.zshrc   刷新下即可。

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/27c8088dc8f7

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzM3MDY0Mjg2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211220/adeb848dc38741d1b20f5bcd3e179199.png
[2019063012140373.png]: /images/20211220/308a98b57d2f4d49965db63fc821f81a.png
[https_github.com_robbyrussell_oh-my-zsh_wiki_Themes]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Themes
[Image 1]: 
[Link 1]: https://github.com/powerline/fonts