Junit入门到掌握-18-JUnit集成-Maven和Junit的集成

小鱼儿 2021-12-17 05:13 311阅读 0赞

我前面说过，现在Java语言项目中流行的构建工具主要是ant和maven, 现在来看，maven更火和采用率更多，所以我不介绍ant和junit的集成，这篇来学习maven和junit的集成过程。

**1.先把被测项目和junit测项目都转成maven项目**

![20190708161729716.png][]

目前我们有这两个Java 工程，现在需要把这两个java工程都转换成maven工程。

右键ProteinTracker这个工程，选择configure->convert to maven project

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

这个界面什么都不填，直接默认点击Finish，在ProteinTrackerTest工程也需要重复上面步骤。

**2.添加项目之间依赖**

转成maven项目之后，会自动创建pom.xml，Eclipse已经自动帮你打开两个pom.xml

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

这里点击Junit这个测试项目的pom.xml，然后点击Dependencies，把ProteinTracker添加到当前这个测试项目的依赖中。

<groupId>ProteinTracker</groupId>
      <artifactId>ProteinTracker</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

把以上信息添加到

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

点击Add..

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

点击OK，接下来再添加一个junit依赖，有时候LATEST版本不识别，就需要写一个具体junit版本号。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

点击OK

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

点击保存，依赖添加完成。

**3.maven运行Junit用例**

3.1 被测项目需要执行 maven install

选择被测项目（上面截图工程中第一个项目），右键-run as -maven install, 控制台会出现以下信息。

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] -------------------< ProteinTracker:ProteinTracker >--------------------
    [INFO] Building ProteinTracker 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\src\main\resources
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\target\classes
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\src\test\resources
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [INFO] No sources to compile
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [INFO] Building jar: C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\target\ProteinTracker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ ProteinTracker ---
    [INFO] Installing C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\target\ProteinTracker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Users\yuangliu\.m2\repository\ProteinTracker\ProteinTracker\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\ProteinTracker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    [INFO] Installing C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTracker\pom.xml to C:\Users\yuangliu\.m2\repository\ProteinTracker\ProteinTracker\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\ProteinTracker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 3.572 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2019-07-08T16:42:05+08:00
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.2 测试项目，run as maven test

先编辑测试项目的pom.xml，添加一行代码

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>ProteinTrackerTest</groupId>
      <artifactId>ProteinTrackerTest</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
        <testSourceDirectory>src</testSourceDirectory>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
            <configuration>
              <source>1.8</source>
              <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
      <dependencies>
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>ProteinTracker</groupId>
      		<artifactId>ProteinTracker</artifactId>
      		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      	</dependency>
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>junit</groupId>
      		<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      		<version>4.13-beta-3</version>
      	</dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </project>

保存之后，右键Junit测试项目，或者pom.xml文件，选择run sa -> maven test

这样在执行maven test的时候，就会在build之后执行测试用例，这里有一个规则，你的测试类名称必须test结尾。我们这里来测试以下把test.TheoryTests.java改成test.TheoryTest.java

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] ---------------< ProteinTrackerTest:ProteinTrackerTest >----------------
    [INFO] Building ProteinTrackerTest 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ProteinTrackerTest ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\src\main\resources
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ ProteinTrackerTest ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 5 source files to C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\target\classes
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ ProteinTrackerTest ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\src\test\resources
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ ProteinTrackerTest ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 5 source files to C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\target\test-classes
    [INFO] 
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ ProteinTrackerTest ---
    [INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\target\surefire-reports
    
    -------------------------------------------------------
     T E S T S
    -------------------------------------------------------
    Running test.HelloJunitTest
    Run Hello Junit
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.108 sec
    Running test.TheoryTest
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.031 sec <<< FAILURE!
    testThory(test.TheoryTest)  Time elapsed: 0.031 sec  <<< FAILURE!
    org.junit.experimental.theories.internal.ParameterizedAssertionError: testThory("-4" <from data[4]>)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.reportParameterizedError(Theories.java:293)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor$1$1.evaluate(Theories.java:242)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.runWithCompleteAssignment(Theories.java:223)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.runWithAssignment(Theories.java:209)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.runWithIncompleteAssignment(Theories.java:217)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.runWithAssignment(Theories.java:207)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor.evaluate(Theories.java:192)
    	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:365)
    	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
    	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:330)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:78)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:328)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:65)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:292)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:305)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:412)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    	at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
    Caused by: java.lang.AssertionError
    	at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:87)
    	at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:42)
    	at org.junit.Assert.assertTrue(Assert.java:53)
    	at test.TheoryTest.testThory(TheoryTest.java:29)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor$2.evaluate(Theories.java:279)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:305)
    	at org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories$TheoryAnchor$1$1.evaluate(Theories.java:237)
    	... 28 more
    
    
    Results :
    
    Failed tests:   testThory(test.TheoryTest): testThory("-4" <from data[4]>)
    
    Tests run: 2, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
    
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD FAILURE
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 4.773 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2019-07-08T16:58:42+08:00
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project ProteinTrackerTest: There are test failures.
    [ERROR] 
    [ERROR] Please refer to C:\Users\yuangliu\eclipse-workspace2\ProteinTrackerTest\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
    [ERROR] -> [Help 1]
    [ERROR] 
    [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
    [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
    [ERROR] 
    [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
    [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

[20190708161729716.png]: /images/20211213/ffec8b784dff4107a90d0807efb6b285.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211213/bd2289862f3f42148204a3fde1a2eaca.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211213/77d455c5e861439c971655bdac8bdffa.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE1NDE5NDY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20211213/01052f3094714408b1a42f7069aecd1a.png
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