Django项目上线配置(ubuntu)

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2021-11-08 15:52 385阅读 0赞

## ubuntu安装 ##

下载VMware-workstation虚拟机，下载iso光盘创建ubuntu  
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1h3fuc4XcB0hXq6CbqBItuw  
提取码：rl23  
安装虚拟机：  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40950957/article/details/80467513  
创建ubuntu：  
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/c843ea0bdacad477931e4a27.html  
配置网卡：  
https://mp.csdn.net/mdeditor/98763740\#

## 项目配置 ##

**1、安装python**  
下载python3  
sudo apt install python3  
更新源  
sudo apt-get update  
安装pip  
sudo apt-get install python3-pip  
**2.安装虚拟环境和虚拟环境管理包**  
sudo pip3 install virtualenv  
sudo pip3 install virtualenvwrapper  
配置虚拟环境的工作目录，在~/.bashrc 添加  
export WORKON\_HOME=~/Envs  
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh  
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER\_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3  
使配置文件生效  
source .bashrc  
创建虚拟环境  
mkvirtualenv eduproject –p /usr/bin/python3  
*(-p指定用哪个python版本)*  
**3.虚拟环境中安装项目需要依赖的包**  
获取安装包信息  
打开window命令行  
pip help  
pip list  
导出安装包  
pip freeze > package.txt  
移动安装包到虚拟机中  
鼠标点击拖动，注意去掉路径上的引号  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190812141147407.png]因为ubuntu安装mysqlclient会有兼容性，所以先安装兼容包  
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev  
pip install mysqlclient  
安装项目所需的依赖包  
pip install -r package.txt  
**4、移动编写好的项目到虚拟机**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190812145910727.png]**5、安装mysql数据库**  
sudo apt-get install mysql-server  
mysql -u root -p  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190812152643773.png]  
重新修改root密码  
打开/etc/mysql/debian.cnf文件,里面存储了系统管理员的密码  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]9Qbob5lTTUwRw3f7  
mysql -udebian-sys-maint -p  
输入对应debian.cnf里对应的密码，以管理员身份进去  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
连接本地数据库：  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40012458/article/details/83059088  
ubuntu中配置数据库：  
https://www.cnblogs.com/wangwust/p/9765843.html  
ubuntu中创建数据库：  
https://www.cnblogs.com/qiuzhenyao/p/mysql.html  
ubuntu中数据库常用操作  
http://dblab.xmu.edu.cn/blog/install-mysql/

本地Navicat连接虚拟机数据库  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]如果报这个错误：  
Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server；  
则在虚拟机命令行中执行：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

mysql> use mysql;
    mysql> select user,host from user;
    ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';
    flush privileges;

数据传输，将本地建好的数据库，传到虚拟机创建的数据库中  
数据库右击，数据传输  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]然后去虚拟机中进入数据库查看，则能看到所有表均已同步。

**6.在ubuntu中启动服务，打开页面查看**

python3 manage.py runserver

项目启动成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190819092150879.png]  
**7、配置uwsgi web应用服务器托管项目**  
先指定源  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190819101823724.png]  
安装  
pip3 install uwsgi  
进入到项目文件下测试uwsgi  
uwsgi --http :8000 --module eduproject.wsgi  
配置uwsgi启动文件  
在项目根目录新建文件夹config  
新建uwsgi.ini配置文件

# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
    [uwsgi]
    
    # Django-related settings
    # the base directory (full path)
    chdir = /home/zhangstar/eduproject/
    # Django's wsgi file
    module = eduproject.wsgi
    # the virtualenv (full path)
    
    # process-related settings
    # master
    master = true
    # maximum number of worker processes
    processes = 10
    # the socket (use the full path to be safe
    socket = 127.0.0.1:8000
    # ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
    # chmod-socket = 664
    # clear environment on exit
    vacuum = true
    virtualenv = /home/zhangstar/Envs/eduproject
    logto = /tmp/mylog.log
    #注：
    #    chdir： 表示需要操作的目录，也就是项目的目录
    #    module： wsgi文件的路径
    #    processes： 进程数
    #    virtualenv：虚拟环境的目录

进入到项目文件下，启动uwsgi配置文件  
workon eduproject  
uwsgi -i /home/zhangstar/eduproject/config/uwsgi.ini &  
外部通过ip去访问测试  
**8、配置nginx托管静态文件**  
安装nginx  
sudo apt-get install nginx  
测试nginx是否安装成功  
页面输入ip看nginx是否连接成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
创建nginx配置文件  
在项目根目录新建文件夹config  
新建edu\_nginx.conf

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
    upstream django {
    # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
    server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
    }
    # configuration of the server
    
    server {
        # the port your site will be served on
        listen      80;
        # the domain name it will serve for
        server_name 192.168.137.129 ; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
        charset     utf-8;
        
        # max upload size
        client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste
        
        # Django media
        location /media  {
            alias /home/zhangstar/eduproject/media; # 指向django的media目录   
        }
        
        location /static {
            alias /home/zhangstar/eduproject/static ; # 指向django的static目录
        }
        # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    	location / {
    	    uwsgi_pass  django;
    	    include     /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
    	}
    }

将该配置文件加入到nginx的启动配置文件夹中  
sudo cp edu\_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/  
在django的setting文件中，修改原来的static配置  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190819113239494.png]  
拉取所有需要的static file 到同一个目录  
python manage.py collectstatic  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
重启nginx  
sudo service nginx restart  
检测nginx是否重新启动  
ps -aux|grep nginx  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190819114141595.png]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MDk3MDk4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20211108/740560abc45e4f968f5b6af02b183acf.png
[20190819092150879.png]: /images/20211108/403229df4c2e40a0ad0b354ab8c9dff1.png
[20190819101823724.png]: /images/20211108/f6acb6fe70344103a558359b7e10f021.png
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