基于 Spring Boot 2.0 的微服务实战项目

逃离我推掉我的手 2021-07-31 17:06 225阅读 0赞

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作 者：爱吃辣的穿越人海

链 接：www.jianshu.com/p/ceff17fae11f

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**前言**

这里会用到Spring Cloud Netflix，该项目是Spring Cloud的子项目之一，主要内容是对Netflix公司一系列开源产品的包装，它为Spring Boot应用提供了自配置的Netflix OSS整合。通过一些简单的注解，开发者就可以快速的在应用中配置一下常用模块并构建庞大的分布式系统。它主要提供的模块包括Eureka，Hystrix，Zuul，Ribbon等。 这里的核心内容是服务发现模块：Eureka 创建服务注册中心。

### ***1.*** 创建基于Web的Maven项目(Spring Cloud) ###

### ***2***. 创建服务注册中心。在Spring Cloud项目中创建Spring Boot项目(Spring Boot): ###

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other]

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other 1]

勾选Cloud Discovery–>Eureka server。以方便导包

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other 2]

### ***3.*** 编写Spring Boot项目 ###

##### 3.1查看pom.xml文件 #####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
<parent>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>  
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>  
<relativePath/>   
</parent>  
<groupId>com.hand</groupId>  
<artifactId>springclouddemo</artifactId>  
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
<name>springclouddemo</name>  
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>  
  
<properties>  
<java.version>1.8</java.version>  
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>  
</properties>  
  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>  
</dependency>  
  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>  
<scope>test</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
  
<dependencyManagement>  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>  
<version>$\{spring-cloud.version\}</version>  
<type>pom</type>  
<scope>import</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
</dependencyManagement>  
  
<build>  
<plugins>  
<plugin>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>  
</plugin>  
</plugins>  
</build>  
  
<repositories>  
<repository>  
<id>spring-milestones</id>  
<name>Spring Milestones</name>  
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>  
</repository>  
</repositories>  
</project>

#### ***4.*** 在启动类上加上注解 如下 ####

通过@EnableEurekaServer注解启动一个服务注册中心提供给其他应用进行对话。这一步非常的简单，只需要在一个普通的Spring Boot应用中添加这个注解就能开启此功能，比如下面的例子：

@SpringBootApplication  
@EnableEurekaServer  
public class SpringclouddemoApplication \{  
public static void main(String\[\] args) \{  
SpringApplication.run(SpringclouddemoApplication.class, args);  
\}  
\}

### ***5.*** 修改application.yml文件 ###

yml文件的好处，天然的树状结构，一目了然

\---  
\#端口号  
server:  
port: 8760  
eureka:  
instance:  
hostname: localhost  
client:  
\# eureka.client.registerWithEureka ：表示是否将自己注册到Eureka Server，默认为true。  
\# 由于当前这个应用就是Eureka Server，故而设为false  
register-with-eureka: false  
\# eureka.client.fetchRegistry ：表示是否从Eureka Server获取注册信息，默认为true。因为这是一个单点的Eureka Server，  
\# 不需要同步其他的Eureka Server节点的数据，故而设为false。  
fetch-registry: false  
service-url:  
\# eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone ：设置与Eureka Server交互的地址，  
\#查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址。默认是  
defaultZone: http://$\{eureka.instance.hostname\}:$\{server.port\}/eureka/

### ***6.*** 启动项目后访问 ###

http://localhost:8760 可以看到下面的页面，其中还没有发现任何服务:

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other 3]

### ***7.*** 搭建服务端（生产者） ###

创建springBoot项目同上 查看pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
<parent>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>  
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>  
<relativePath/>   
</parent>  
<groupId>com.hand</groupId>  
<artifactId>producer</artifactId>  
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
<name>producer</name>  
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>  
  
<properties>  
<java.version>1.8</java.version>  
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>  
</properties>  
  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>  
</dependency>  
  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>  
<scope>test</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
  
<dependencyManagement>  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>  
<version>$\{spring-cloud.version\}</version>  
<type>pom</type>  
<scope>import</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
</dependencyManagement>  
  
<build>  
<plugins>  
<plugin>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>  
</plugin>  
</plugins>  
</build>  
  
<repositories>  
<repository>  
<id>spring-milestones</id>  
<name>Spring Milestones</name>  
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>  
</repository>  
</repositories>  
  
</project>

### ***8.*** 修改application.yml文件 ###

注:端口不能与上面的相同。这里的服务name：service-hi 可以根据自己情况定义。

\---  
server:  
port: 8762  
eureka:  
client:  
service-url:  
defaultZone: http://localhost:8760/eureka/  
spring:  
application:  
name: service-producer

***9.*** 编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication  
@EnableEurekaClient  
@RestController  
public class ProducerApplication \{  
  
public static void main(String\[\] args) \{  
SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class, args);  
\}  
  
@Value("$\{server.port\}")  
String port;  
  
@RequestMapping("/hi")  
public String home(@RequestParam String name) \{  
return "hi " + name + ",i am from port:" + port;  
\}  
  
\}

##### 运行服务 #####

http://localhost:8761/hi?name=xiong.zhang@hand-china.com

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然后查看http://localhost:8760 可以看到，我们定义的服务被注册了。如下图所示:

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other 5]

### **10. 创建消费者** ###

##### 10.1 创建消费者modul，流程如上述工程创建流程。 #####

##### 10.2 查看pom.xml文件 #####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
<parent>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>  
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>  
<relativePath/>   
</parent>  
<groupId>com.hand</groupId>  
<artifactId>customer</artifactId>  
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
<name>customer</name>  
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>  
  
<properties>  
<java.version>1.8</java.version>  
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>  
</properties>  
  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>  
</dependency>  
  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>  
<scope>test</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
  
<dependencyManagement>  
<dependencies>  
<dependency>  
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>  
<version>$\{spring-cloud.version\}</version>  
<type>pom</type>  
<scope>import</scope>  
</dependency>  
</dependencies>  
</dependencyManagement>  
  
<build>  
<plugins>  
<plugin>  
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>  
</plugin>  
</plugins>  
</build>  
  
<repositories>  
<repository>  
<id>spring-milestones</id>  
<name>Spring Milestones</name>  
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>  
</repository>  
</repositories>  
  
</project>

### **11. yml配置** ###

\---  
server:  
port: 8763  
eureka:  
client:  
service-url:  
defaultZone: http://localhost:8760/eureka/  
spring:  
application:  
name: service-customer  
feign:  
hystrix:  
enabled : true

### **12. 编写启动类** ###

@EnableDiscoveryClient表明标注类是消费者，加入restTemplate以消费相关的服务

@SpringBootApplication  
@EnableDiscoveryClient  
public class CustomerApplication \{  
  
public static void main(String\[\] args) \{  
SpringApplication.run(CustomerApplication.class, args);  
\}  
  
@Bean  
@LoadBalanced  
RestTemplate restTemplate() \{  
return new RestTemplate();  
\}  
\}

### **13 .创建service和controller** ###

##### 13.1 service层 #####

@Service  
public class HelloService \{  
@Autowired  
RestTemplate restTemplate;  
  
public String hiService(String name) \{  
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://SERVICE-PRODUCER/hi?name=" + name, String.class);  
\}  
\}

##### 13.2 controller层 #####

@RestController  
public class HelloControler \{  
@Autowired  
HelloService helloService;  
  
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")  
public String hi(@RequestParam String name) \{  
return helloService.hiService(name);  
\}  
\}

再次查看服务

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在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8763/hi?name=admin

![640?wx\_fmt=other][640_wx_fmt_other 7]

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