• Linux 教程
  • Linux 简介
  • Linux 安装
  • Linux 云服务器
  • Linux 系统启动过程
  • Linux 系统目录结构
  • Linux 忘记密码解决方法
  • Linux 远程登录
  • Linux 文件基本属性
  • Linux 文件与目录管理
  • Linux 用户和用户组管理
  • Linux 磁盘管理
  • Linux vi/vim
  • linux yum 命令
  • Linux 命令大全
  • Nginx 安装配置
  • MySQL 安装配置

    • MySQL 安装配置

    MySQL 是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB公司开发，目前属于Oracle公司。

    MySQL所使用的SQL语言是用于访问数据库的最常用标准化语言。

    MySQL由于其体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低，尤其是开放源码这一特点，一般中小型网站的开发都选择MySQL作为网站数据库。

    MySQL 安装

    本教程的系统平台：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位。

    一、安装编译工具及库文件

    1. yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf libtool-ltdl-devel gd-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel curl-devel bison patch unzip libmcrypt-devel libmhash-devel ncurses-devel sudo bzip2 flex libaio-devel

    二、 安装cmake 编译器

    cmake 版本：cmake-3.1.1。

    1、下载地址：http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

    1. $ wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

    1. $ tar zxvf cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

    3、进入安装包目录

    1. $ cd cmake-3.1.1

    4、编译安装 

    1. $ ./bootstrap
    2. $ make && make install

    三、安装 MySQL

    MySQL版本：mysql-5.6.15。

    1、下载地址： http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

    1. $ wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

    1. $ tar zxvf mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

    3、进入安装包目录

    1. $ cd mysql-5.6.15

    4、编译安装 

    1. $ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
    2. $ make && make install

    5、查看mysql版本:

    1. $ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql --version

    MySQL 配置

    1、创建mysql运行使用的用户mysql：

    1. $ /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
    2. $ /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

    2、创建binlog和库的存储路径并赋予mysql用户权限

    1. $ mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog /www/data_mysql
    2. $ chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/ /www/data_mysql/

    3、创建my.cnf配置文件

    将/etc/my.cnf替换为下面内容

    1. $ cat /etc/my.cnf
    3. [client]
    4. port = 3306
    5. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    6. [mysqld]
    7. replicate-ignore-db = mysql
    8. replicate-ignore-db = test
    9. replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
    10. user = mysql
    11. port = 3306
    12. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    13. basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
    14. datadir = /www/data_mysql
    15. log-error = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_error.log
    16. pid-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.pid
    17. open_files_limit = 65535
    18. back_log = 600
    19. max_connections = 5000
    20. max_connect_errors = 1000
    21. table_open_cache = 1024
    22. external-locking = FALSE
    23. max_allowed_packet = 32M
    24. sort_buffer_size = 1M
    25. join_buffer_size = 1M
    26. thread_cache_size = 600
    27. #thread_concurrency = 8
    28. query_cache_size = 128M
    29. query_cache_limit = 2M
    30. query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
    31. default-storage-engine = MyISAM
    32. default-tmp-storage-engine=MYISAM
    33. thread_stack = 192K
    34. transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
    35. tmp_table_size = 128M
    36. max_heap_table_size = 128M
    37. log-slave-updates
    38. log-bin = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/binlog
    39. binlog-do-db=oa_fb
    40. binlog-ignore-db=mysql
    41. binlog_cache_size = 4M
    42. binlog_format = MIXED
    43. max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
    44. max_binlog_size = 1G
    45. relay-log-index = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    46. relay-log-info-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    47. relay-log = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    48. expire_logs_days = 10
    49. key_buffer_size = 256M
    50. read_buffer_size = 1M
    51. read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
    52. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
    53. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
    54. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
    55. myisam_repair_threads = 1
    56. myisam_recover
    57. interactive_timeout = 120
    58. wait_timeout = 120
    59. skip-name-resolve
    60. #master-connect-retry = 10
    61. slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
    62. #master-host = 192.168.1.2
    63. #master-user = username
    64. #master-password = password
    65. #master-port = 3306
    66. server-id = 1
    67. loose-innodb-trx=0 
    68. loose-innodb-locks=0 
    69. loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 
    70. loose-innodb-cmp=0 
    71. loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0
    72. loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0
    73. loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 
    74. loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 
    75. loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 
    76. loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 
    77. loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 
    78. loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 
    79. loose-innodb-metrics=0 
    80. loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 
    81. loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 
    82. loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 
    83. loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 
    84. loose-innodb-ft-config=0 
    85. loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 
    86. loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 
    87. loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 
    88. loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 
    89. loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 
    90. loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 
    91. loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 
    92. loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 
    93. loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0
    95. slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_slow.log
    96. long_query_time = 1
    97. [mysqldump]
    98. quick
    99. max_allowed_packet = 32M

    4、初始化数据库

    1. $/usr/local/webserver/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --user=mysql

    显示如下信息：

    1. Installing MySQL system tables...2015-01-26 20:18:51 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    2. OK
    4. Filling help tables...2015-01-26 20:18:57 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    5. OK
    6. ...

    5、创建开机启动脚本

    1. $ cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/
    2. $ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
    3. $ chkconfig --add mysqld 
    4. $ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

    6、启动mysql服务器

    1. $ service mysqld start

    1. $ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

    1. mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码

    或进入mysql命令行

    1. SET PASSWORD FOR '用户名'@'主机' = PASSWORD(‘密码');

    创建新用户并授权:

    1. grant all privileges on *.* to 用户名@'%' identified by '密码' with grant option;

    其他命令

    • 启动：service mysqld start
    • 停止：service mysqld stop
    • 重启：service mysqld restart
    • 重载配置：service mysqld reload