Python异常处理的最佳实践示例-蒲公英云

Python异常处理的最佳实践示例

在Python中，异常处理是一种编程方式，用于处理程序运行时可能出现的错误。以下是一些最佳实践示例：

使用try/except块：

def divide_numbers(a, b):
    try:
        result = a / b
        return result
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("Can't divide by zero!")
        return None
# 使用示例
number1 = 10
number2 = 5
result = divide_numbers(number1, number2)
if result is not None:
    print(f"The division result is {result}")

使用finally块：

def read_file(file_path):
    try:
        with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
            content = file.read()
            return content
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print(f"File '{file_path}' not found!")
        return None
    finally:
        # 关闭文件，确保资源得到释放
        if file is not None:
            file.close()
# 使用示例
file_path = 'example.txt'
content = read_file(file_path)
if content is not None:
    print(f"File '{file_path}' contains:\n{content}\n")

针对不同类型的错误，使用不同的except子句：

def write_to_file(content, file_path):
    try:
        with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
            file.write(content)
            return True
    except IOError as e:
        # 如果是I/O错误（如文件不存在或写入失败等），打印具体信息并返回False
        print(f"I/O error occurred: {str(e)}}")
        return False
    finally:
        if file is not None:
            file.close()
# 使用示例
content = 'Hello, World!'
file_path = 'example.txt'
success = write_to_file(content, file_path)
if success:
    print(f"File '{file_path}' successfully written!\n{content}\n"))