使用Java WebSocket技术实现在线聊天系统

原创系统管理员 2024-12-09 13:36 12阅读 0赞

WebSocket是一种在单个TCP连接上进行全双工通信的协议。下面是一个简单的Java WebSocket在线聊天系统的步骤：

1. **环境准备**：需要有JDK和Spring Boot项目。

2. **WebSocket服务器创建**：使用Spring WebSocket框架创建一个WebSocket服务器端。

```java
import org.springframework.messaging.annotation.QueueAnnotation;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;

@QueueAnnotation(name = "chatMessages"))
public class ChatWebSocketService {

@Override
    public void onOpen(WebSocketSession session) {
        System.out.println("WebSocket opened: " + session);
    }

@Override
    public void onClose(WebSocketSession session, CloseReason reason) {
        System.out.println("WebSocket closed: " + session + ", Reason: " + reason);
    }

@Override
    public void onError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable cause) {
        System.out.println("WebSocket error: " + session + ", Cause: " + cause);
    }

// WebSocket消息处理方法
    public void sendMessage(WebSocketSession session, String message) {
        session.send(new TextMessage(message)));
    }
}
```

3. **客户端创建**：使用JavaScript（可以是jQuery）创建WebSocket连接并进行聊天。

```javascript
// JavaScript client code

var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/chatWebSocketService"); // Connect to server

socket.onopen = function(event) {
    console.log('Connection open');
    sendMessage(socket, "Hello from client!"));
};

socket.onmessage = function(event) {
    var receivedMessage = event.data;
    console.log('Received message:', receivedMessage);
    if (receivedMessage == 'Hello from server!')) {
        sendMessage(socket, "Client received your greeting!"));
    }
};

socket.onerror = function(error) {
    console.log('WebSocket error: ', error);
};
  
// Message sending function
function sendMessage(socket, message) {
    socket.send(new TextMessage(message)));
}
```

以上步骤中，`ChatWebSocketService`是服务器端，`Socket`客户端。在实际应用中，你需要对聊天记录进行持久化存储，以备后查。