Java网络编程：socket通信案例解析

原创逃离我推掉我的手 2024-12-05 23:45 19阅读 0赞

Socket是Java中用于网络通信的API接口。以下是一个简单的Socket通信案例解析：

1. **创建服务器端**：
```java
import java.io.ServerSocket;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000)) {
            System.out.println("Server started on port 9000...");

Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待客户端连接

System.out.println("Connection accepted from " + clientSocket.getInetAddress() + ":" + clientSocket.getPort());

// 这里可以进行数据传输等操作
            String messageFromClient = clientSocket.getInputStream().readLine();
            System.out.println("Received message: " + messageFromClient);

// 数据发送到客户端
            clientSocket.getOutputStream().write("Server's response: " + messageFromClient);
            clientSocket.getOutputStream().flush();

} catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println("Error occurred while server is running: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

2. **创建客户端**：
```java
import java.io.Socket;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 9000)); // 连接服务器

System.out.println("Connected to server on port 9000...");

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))); // 获取输入流
            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null)) { // 读取并处理每行数据
                System.out.println("Received message: " + inputLine));
                if (inputLine.equals("exit")) { // 如果收到"退出"指令，关闭连接
                    System.out.println("Closing connection...");
                    socket.close();
                    break;
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.err.println("Error occurred while client is running: " + e.getMessage());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
```

通过以上两个Java类的实例，你可以理解Socket编程的基本流程：连接服务器、接收数据和发送数据。