Java中异常处理的几种常见方式示例

原创水深无声 2024-11-21 05:15 15阅读 0赞

在Java中，异常处理主要有以下几种常见方式：

1. 使用try-catch-finally结构

```java
public class ExceptionHandlingExample {
    public void riskyOperation() throws InterruptedException {
        Thread.sleep(500); // 模拟可能出错的操作
        System.out.println("Risky operation completed.");
    }

public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExceptionHandlingExample example = new ExceptionHandlingExample();

try {
            example.riskyOperation();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.err.println("Exception occurred during risky operation: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace(); // 如果需要查看异常堆栈，可以在这里调用
        } finally {
            System.out.println("Operation completed, regardless of exceptions.");
        }
    }
}
```

2. 使用throws关键字声明可能抛出的异常

```java
public void potentiallyErrorfulMethod() throws IllegalArgumentException {
    if (inputValue <= 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Input value should be greater than zero.");
    }

System.out.println("Potential error handled and method completed.");
}
```

3. 使用finally块来确保一些清理工作（如关闭资源）始终执行

```java
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ExceptionHandlingFinalExample {
    public void processFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
        try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis)))) {
            String content;
            while ((content = br.readLine()) != null) {
                // Process the file content
                System.out.println(content);
            }
        } finally {
            if (fis != null) {
                fis.close();
            }
        }
    }

public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExceptionHandlingFinalExample example = new ExceptionHandlingFinalExample();

try {
            example.processFile("test_file.txt");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println("Error occurred while processing file: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

以上就是Java中异常处理的几种常见方式示例。