Java网络编程：TCP客户端和服务器示例

原创 - 日理万妓 2024-11-15 12:30 17阅读 0赞

在Java中，我们可以使用java.net包中的类来实现TCP客户端和服务器。这里以Socket和ServerSocket为例进行讲解。

1. **TCP客户端**：

```java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TcpClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String serverIP = "localhost"; // Set your server's IP address
        int serverPort = 1234; // Set your server's port number

try (Socket socket = new Socket(serverIP, serverPort))) {
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())));

// Send data to the server
            String messageToSend = "Hello Server!";
            System.out.println("Sending: " + messageToSend);
            in.write(messageToSend.getBytes());

// Read response from the server
            String responseFromServer = in.readLine();
            System.out.println("Received: " + responseFromServer);

} catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Error occurred:");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

2. **TCP服务器**：

```java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TcpServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int serverPort = 1234; // Set your server's port number

try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(serverPort))) {
            System.out.println("TCP Server started on port " + serverPort);

while (true) {
                Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("New connection received from " + clientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress()));

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()))));
                String messageFromClient = in.readLine();
                System.out.println("Message received from client: " + messageFromClient));

// Send response back to the client
                String responseToClient = "Server received your message!";
                in.write(responseToClient.getBytes()));
                in.flush();

// Close the client socket
                clientSocket.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Error occurred while starting server:");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

以上代码中，TCP客户端向服务器发送一条消息，然后接收服务器的响应。而TCP服务器则监听指定端口，当有客户端连接时，读取客户端的消息，并向客户端发送响应，最后关闭客户端的连接。