通过Java WebSocket实现前后端实时通信示例

原创古城微笑少年丶 2024-10-07 02:48 55阅读 0赞

Java WebSocket是一种基于HTTP协议的全双工通信机制，允许客户端和服务器之间进行双向的数据交换。以下是一个简单的WebSocket客户端和服务器示例：

1. 客户端（使用Java WebSocket API的javax.websocket.WebSocketClient类）

```java
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;

public class Client {
    private Session session;

@OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        this.session = session;
        System.out.println("WebSocket opened");
    }

@OnMessage
    public String onMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
        return "Server received, sending back: " + message;
    }

@OnClose
    public void onClose() {
        System.out.println("WebSocket closed");
        this.session.close();
    }
}
```

2. 服务器（使用Java WebSocket API的javax.websocket.WebSocketContainer类）

```java
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;

public class Server {
    private WebSocketContainer container;

public Server() {
        container = new WebSocketContainer();
    }

@OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        System.out.println("WebSocket opened: " + session.getId());
    }

@OnMessage
    public String onMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
        return "Server received, sending back: " + message;
    }

@OnClose
    public void onClose(Session session) {
        System.out.println("WebSocket closed: " + session.getId());
        container.closeSession(session);
    }
}
```

3. 运行示例：

在客户端（Client.java）和服务器端（Server.java）分别运行代码。客户端会连接到服务器，进行双向通信。

注意：为了运行Java WebSocket示例，你需要一个支持WebSocket的Web服务器，如Tomcat或Jetty。