使用Java进行网络编程，包括HTTP请求与响应以及Socket通信示例

原创电玩女神 2024-09-19 01:18 16阅读 0赞

在网络编程中，我们可以使用Java的HttpURLConnection和Socket类来实现HTTP请求与响应和Socket通信。

1. HTTP请求与响应示例：

```java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String urlStr = "https://www.example.com";
        URL url = new URL(urlStr);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

// Set request method
        conn.setRequestMethod("GET");

// Check response code
        int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
        System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);

// Get response body as string
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()))); 
        String inputLine;
        StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();

while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
            content.append(inputLine);
        }

in.close();
        System.out.println("Response Content: " + content.toString());

}
}
```

2. Socket通信示例：

```java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;

public class SocketExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String serverIP = "localhost"; // Change this to your server's IP address
        int serverPort = 1234; // Change this to the port your server is listening on

try (Socket socket = new Socket(serverIP, serverPort))) {
            System.out.println("Connected to Server...");

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))); 
            String inputLine;
            StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();

while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
                content.append(inputLine);
            }

System.out.println("Received from Server: " + content.toString());

// Send data to server
            content.append("\nSending data to server...\n");
            byte[] message = content.toString().getBytes(); // Convert to bytes

socket.getOutputStream().write(message); // Send the message to the server

} catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Error occurred while connecting to server: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
```

以上示例分别展示了如何通过HttpURLConnection发送GET请求获取响应，以及如何通过Socket建立连接并进行数据的双向通信。