如何通过Java进行网络编程？

原创 Bertha 。 2024-09-18 22:00 67阅读 0赞

在Java中，我们可以通过Java的Socket和ServerSocket类来进行网络编程。以下是一个简单的示例：

1. 客户端代码（发送数据）：

```java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 创建连接
            Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 1234);

// 获取输出流
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

// 发送数据
            String message = "Hello, Server!";
            byte[] bytes = message.getBytes("utf-8"); 
            outputStream.write(bytes);

// 关闭连接
            socket.close();

System.out.println("Data sent successfully!");

} catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("Error occurred while sending data.");
        }
    }
}
```

2. 服务器端代码（接收数据）：

```java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 创建服务器端的Socket
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(1234);

System.out.println("Server is listening for incoming connections...");

// 等待客户端连接
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();

System.out.println("Client connected successfully!");

// 获取输入流
            InputStream inputStream = clientSocket.getInputStream();

// 创建输出流
            OutputStream outputStream = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(inputStream), "utf-8"));

byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; 
            int count;

while ((count = inputStream.read(bytes))) != -1) {

String message = new String(bytes, 0, count));

System.out.println("Server received data: " + message);

// 将数据发送回客户端
                outputStream.write(message.getBytes("utf-8")));

}

// 关闭连接和流
            clientSocket.close(); 
            inputStream.close(); 
            outputStream.close();

} catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("Error occurred while listening or accepting connections.");
        }
    }
}
```

这个示例中，客户端发送一个数据字符串给服务器，服务器接收到数据后将其原样返回给客户端。