网络编程：Java Socket API客户端程序开发案例

原创今天药忘吃喽~ 2024-09-12 10:39 69阅读 0赞

在Java中，Socket API被用来创建客户端与服务器之间的连接。以下是一个简单的Socket客户端程序开发案例：

1. **创建Socket对象**：
```java
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {
    private Socket socket;
    
    public Client(String serverAddress, int port) {
        try {
            socket = new Socket(serverAddress, port));
            System.out.println("Connected to Server");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Error Connecting to Server: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

// 关闭Socket
    public void disconnect() {
        try {
            socket.close();
            System.out.println("Disconnected from Server");
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            System.out.println("Error Disconnected from Server: " + ioe.getMessage());
            ioe.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

public Socket getSocket() {
        return socket;
    }
}
```

2. **使用客户端**：
```java
public class ClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建Client对象
        Client client = new Client("localhost", 1234); // 注意替换服务器地址和端口

// 连接服务器
        client.getSocket();

// 发送数据，这里发送一个字符串"Hello Server"
        String dataToSend = "Hello Server";
        try {
            socket.getOutputStream().write(dataToSend.getBytes("utf-8"))); // 发送UTF-8编码的字符串
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error Sending Data: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

// 接收数据
        try {
            byte[] receivedData = new byte[1024]; // 假设接收的数据不超过1KB

int readSize = socket.getInputStream().read(receivedData)); // 读取数据

if (readSize > 0) { // 如果读取到了数据
                String receivedMessage = new String(receivedData, "utf-8")); // 将字节数组转换为字符串
                System.out.println("Received Message: " + receivedMessage);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error Reading/Receiving Data: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

// 关闭连接和Socket
        client.disconnect();

System.out.println("Client Disconnected");
    }
}
```

这个案例展示了如何创建一个使用Java Socket API的客户端程序，包括建立连接、发送数据、接收数据以及最后关闭连接。