Java异常处理与捕获的最佳实践案例

原创古城微笑少年丶 2024-09-10 20:51 82阅读 0赞

在Java中，异常处理是通过try-catch-finally语句块实现的。以下是一个最佳实践案例：

```java
public class BankAccount {
    private String accountNumber;
    private double balance;

// 构造函数
    public BankAccount(String accountNumber, double initialBalance) {
        this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
        this.balance = initialBalance;
    }

// 提供方法，可能抛出异常
    public void deposit(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException {
        if (amount > balance) {
            throw new InsufficientFundsException("Insufficient funds for deposit.");
        }
        balance += amount;
    }

// 提供方法，可能抛出异常
    public void withdraw(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException, NegativeBalanceException {
        if (amount < 0) {
            throw new NegativeBalanceException("Cannot withdraw negative amount.");
        }
        if (amount > balance) {
            throw new InsufficientFundsException("Insufficient funds for withdrawal.");
        }
        balance -= amount;
    }

// 提供方法，无须抛出异常
    public double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
}

// 使用示例
public class BankAccountDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BankAccount account = new BankAccount("123456", 100.0));

try {
            // 存款
            account.deposit(50.0);
            System.out.println("After deposit: " + account.getBalance());

// 取款
            account.withdraw(25.0);
            System.out.println("After withdrawal: " + account.getBalance());
        } catch (InsufficientFundsException | NegativeBalanceException e) {
            System.out.println("Error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}
```

这个案例展示了如何在Java中使用异常处理。`BankAccount`类中的方法可能会抛出`InsufficientFundsException`和`NegativeBalanceException`，这些都被捕获并打印出错误信息。