如何使用IntelliJ IDEA将普通项目转换为Maven项目

女爷i 2024-05-25 17:36 13阅读 0赞

## 普通项目与Maven项目差异 ##

直接先上图，使用IDEA创建的普通JAVA项目结构如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][3a1ef529822148a48d90cc7e19901b0a.jpeg_pic_center]  
可以看到普通java项目除了一个src及配置信息外，空空如也。通过IDEA工具创建Maven项目

![在这里插入图片描述][54292fdf91374b66aaaa71a224c41792.jpeg_pic_center]  
创建的项目结构如下：

![在这里插入图片描述][4279e381aecb4ac491ba5fb4d2e58baa.jpeg_pic_center]  
多了一个pom.xml文件，并且src文件夹中自动创建了main/java、main/resources等文件夹，方便管理。很明显使用maven来管理项目更加方便管理。同样各种开发环境都有各种的包管理工具，如PHP中会使用Composer，nodejs使用npm，android开发常用Gradle方式来进行包依赖管理。

## 如何在IDEA中转换普通项目 ##

由于之前项目是普通项目，所以需要将其转换为Maven项目，在IDEA实现转换很简单，主要有以下方法：

### 添加Maven支持： ###

右键选项 “Add Framework Support”，如下：

![在这里插入图片描述][b5c9dc4ee4764380b40175306ceab536.jpeg_pic_center]  
然后设置maven相关信息：

![在这里插入图片描述][b1a97a2adecb45a1a0004f8b353b15dd.jpeg_pic_center]  
最后编辑下pom.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>jstudy.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>java-mybatis-tiny</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <properties>
            <maven.compiler.source>14</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>14</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
        
    </project>

至此，转换完毕。

### 添加pom.xml文件转换 ###

在项目根目录下添加pom.xml，并将上面内容粘贴，IDE工具将会自动识别maven项目，然后点击同步下项目：

![在这里插入图片描述][450d059808b343afb2c212f2d8326251.jpeg_pic_center]  
转换完毕。

## pom.xml文件说明 ##

由于使用maven管理项目，顺便将pom.xml文件配置详解记录一下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
                          http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    
        
        
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.4</version>
            
            <relativePath /> 
        </parent>
        
        
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        
        <artifactId>learn-pom</artifactId>
        
        
        
        
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
        
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                
                <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                <artifactId>springfox-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0</version>
                
                <type>jar</type>
                
                
                
                
                
                
                <scope>test</scope>
                
                <systemPath></systemPath>
                
                <optional>true</optional>
                
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
                        <artifactId>springfox-boot-teseter</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        <dependencyManagement></dependencyManagement>
        
        <properties>
            <sf.version>2.0.0</sf.version>
        </properties>
        
        <modules>
            <module>project-1</module>
            <module>project-2</module>
            <module>project-3</module>
        </modules>
    
        
        
        <build>
            
            <defaultGoal>install</defaultGoal>
            
            <directory>${basedir}/target</directory>
            
            <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
            <scriptSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
            <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/classes</outputDirectory>
            <testOutputDirectory>${basedir}/target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
            <testSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
            
            <finalName>myproject-SNAPSHOT</finalName>
            
            <filters>
                <filter>myproject.properties</filter>
            </filters>
            
            <extensions>
                <extension>
                    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                    <version>8.0.30</version>
                </extension>
            </extensions>
            
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    
                    <extensions>false</extensions>
                    
                    <inherited>true</inherited>
                    
                    <dependencies></dependencies>
                    
                    <configuration>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>
                                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                            </exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                    
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            
                            <id>tester</id>
                            
                            <goals>
                                <goal>run</goal>
                            </goals>
                            
                            <inherited>false</inherited>
                            
                            <configuration></configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
            
            <pluginManagement></pluginManagement>
        </build>
        
        <reporting>
            <plugins></plugins>
        </reporting>
    
        
        
        <name>learn pom</name>
        
        <description>just learn pom project</description>
        
        <inceptionYear>2020</inceptionYear>
        
        <url>https://github.com/</url>
        
        <licenses>
            <license>
                
                <name>My License</name>
                
                <distribution>github</distribution>
                
                <url>https://github.com/</url>
                
                <comments>Just my License</comments>
            </license>
        </licenses>
        
        <organization>
            
            <name>My Cor</name>
            
            <url>https://github.com/</url>
        </organization>
        
        <developers>
            <developer>
                <id>master</id>
                <name>hunkxia</name>
                <email>hunk.xia@gmail.com</email>
                <organization>My Cor</organization>
                <organizationUrl>https://github.com/</organizationUrl>
                
                <roles>
                    <role>master</role>
                </roles>
                
                <properties></properties>
            </developer>
        </developers>
        
        <contributors></contributors>
    
        
        
        <issueManagement>
            
            <system>iss</system>
            <url>https://github.com/</url>
        </issueManagement>
        
        <ciManagement>
            
            <system>cis</system>
            
            <url>https://github.com/</url>
            
            <notifiers>
                <notifier>
                    <type>mail</type>
                    <sendOnError>true</sendOnError>
                    <sendOnFailure>true</sendOnFailure>
                    <sendOnSuccess>true</sendOnSuccess>
                    <sendOnWarning>true</sendOnWarning>
                    <address>hunk.xia@gmail.com</address>
                    
                    <configuration></configuration>
                </notifier>
            </notifiers>
        </ciManagement>
        
        <mailingLists>
            
            <mailingList>
                <name>list-1</name>
                <subscribe></subscribe>
                <unsubscribe></unsubscribe>
                <post></post>
                <archive></archive>
                <otherArchives></otherArchives>
            </mailingList>
        </mailingLists>
        
        <scm>
            <connection></connection>
            <developerConnection></developerConnection>
            <tag>HEAD</tag>
            <url></url>
        </scm>
        
        <prerequisites></prerequisites>
        
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>my repos</id>
                <name>My Repository</name>
                <url>http://repo.myrepos.cn/content/groups/public/</url>
                <releases>
                    <enabled>true</enabled>
                    <updatePolicy>daily</updatePolicy>
                </releases>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>true</enabled>
                    <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
                </snapshots>
                <layout>default</layout>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
        
        <pluginRepositories></pluginRepositories>
        
        <distributionManagement>
            <repository></repository>
            <site></site>
            <downloadUrl></downloadUrl>
            <status></status>
        </distributionManagement>
        
        <profiles>
            <profile>
                <id>release</id>
                <build>
                    <resources>
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                            <includes>
                                <include>**/*</include>
                            </includes>
                        </resource>
                    </resources>
                </build>
            </profile>
    
            <profile>
                <id>test</id>
                <build>
                    <resources>
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
                            <includes>
                                <include>config/*.properties</include>
                                <include>log4j.xml</include>
                            </includes>
                        </resource>
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                            <includes>
                                <include>**/*.xml</include>
                            </includes>
                            <excludes>
                                <exclude>log4j.xml</exclude>
                            </excludes>
                        </resource>
                    </resources>
                </build>
                <activation>
                    <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
                </activation>
            </profile>
        </profiles>
    </project>

本篇完，下次再深入讲解和研究下多项目（父子项目、依赖项目）如何规范配置。

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