Selenium三种等待方式的使用

男娘i 2024-05-23 18:41 47阅读 0赞

![5ed80d7da6904639a76a02864c8beec2.png][]

[2024软件测试面试刷题，这个小程序（永久刷题），靠它快速找到工作了！（刷题APP的天花板）\_软件测试刷题小程序-CSDN博客文章浏览阅读3k次，点赞86次，收藏13次。你知不知道有这么一个软件测试面试的刷题小程序。里面包含了面试常问的软件测试基础题，web自动化测试、app自动化测试、接口测试、性能测试、自动化测试、安全测试及一些常问到的人力资源题目。最主要的是他还收集了像阿里、华为这样的大厂面试真题，还有互动交流板块……\_软件测试刷题小程序编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502编辑https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502![icon-default.png?t=N7T8][icon-default.png_t_N7T8]https://blog.csdn.net/AI\_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502][2024_APP_-CSDN_3k_86_13_web_app_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_icon-default.png_t_N7T8_icon-default.png_t_N7T8_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502]

Selenium 提供了三种等待方式来确保在继续执行代码之前，页面元素已经加载并可用。这三种等待方式分别是：

**显式等待（Explicit Waits）**

**隐式等待（Implicit Waits）**

**时间等待（Sleep）**

下面是每种等待方式的代码示例：

1.  显式等待（Explicit Waits）

显式等待是指代码会等待某个特定条件发生后再继续执行，最常用的是等待某个元素出现。显式等待需要配合 WebDriverWait 和 expected\_conditions 一起使用。

from selenium import webdriver  
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By  
    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait  
    from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC  
      
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()  
    driver.get("http://example.com")  
      
    try:  
        element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(  
            EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "myElement"))  
    finally:  
        driver.quit()

在这个例子中，WebDriverWait 会等待最多 10 秒，直到 id 为 "myElement" 的元素可见。如果在这个时间内元素变得可见，那么它将继续执行。如果超时（在这个例子中是 10 秒），那么会抛出一个 TimeoutException。

1.  隐式等待（Implicit Waits）

隐式等待是告诉 WebDriver 在查找元素时，如果元素没有立即出现，那么等待一段时间再查找。**隐式等待在整个 WebDriver 实例生命周期中只设置一次。**

from selenium import webdriver  
      
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()  
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)  # 设置隐式等待为 10 秒  
    driver.get("http://example.com")  
      
    # 接下来查找元素的操作，都会等待最多 10 秒  
    element = driver.find_element_by_id("myElement")  
      
    driver.quit()

在这个例子中，设置隐式等待为 10 秒。这意味着每次使用 WebDriver 的查找元素方法（如 find\_element\_by\_id，find\_elements\_by\_class\_name 等）时，如果元素没有立即出现，WebDriver 会等待最多 10 秒。

1.  时间等待（Sleep）

时间等待是最简单的等待方式，它只是让程序暂停执行一段时间。这种方式并不推荐用于 Web 测试，因为它不检查页面元素的状态，只是简单地让程序等待。

import time  
    from selenium import webdriver  
      
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()  
    driver.get("http://example.com")  
      
    time.sleep(10)  # 程序暂停 10 秒  
      
    element = driver.find_element_by_id("myElement")  
      
    driver.quit()

在这个例子中，程序会暂停 10 秒，然后再继续执行。这种方式的问题在于，如果页面加载速度快于 10 秒，那么程序就会浪费时间等待；如果页面加载速度慢于 10 秒，那么程序可能会因为找不到元素而抛出异常。因此，通常建议使用显式等待或隐式等待来替代时间等待。

行动吧，在路上总比一直观望的要好，未来的你肯定会感谢现在拼搏的自己！如果想学习提升找不到资料，没人答疑解惑时，**请及时加入群： 759968159**，里面有各种测试开发资料和技术可以一起交流哦。

**最后：** 下方这份完整的软件测试视频教程已经整理上传完成，需要的朋友们可以自行领取**`【保证100%免费】`**

![06b7bc1a690d4c4f826248342215214c.png][]

**软件测试面试文档**

我们学习必然是为了找到高薪的工作，下面这些面试题是来自阿里、腾讯、字节等一线互联网大厂最新的面试资料，并且有字节大佬给出了权威的解答，刷完这一套面试资料相信大家都能找到满意的工作。

![在这里插入图片描述][cc56d6ee4baf482688db0e1410e2bb51.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][755123cb1321421b96888db976754489.png]

![3010ebc19b1042d4a4e99e0c9334bb1c.gif][]

[5ed80d7da6904639a76a02864c8beec2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/23/0b1c52c9bc7e446fbb1e9424829d35cf.png
[icon-default.png_t_N7T8]: https://csdnimg.cn/release/blog_editor_html/release2.3.6/ckeditor/plugins/CsdnLink/icons/icon-default.png?t=N7T8
[2024_APP_-CSDN_3k_86_13_web_app_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502_icon-default.png_t_N7T8_icon-default.png_t_N7T8_https_blog.csdn.net_AI_Green_article_details_134931243_spm_1001.2014.3001.5502]: https://blog.csdn.net/AI_Green/article/details/134931243?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502
[06b7bc1a690d4c4f826248342215214c.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/23/8210fbef9dd4480384abf6e66fcaed97.png
[cc56d6ee4baf482688db0e1410e2bb51.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/23/48f945f42a7f44068ca30126cf68d331.png
[755123cb1321421b96888db976754489.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/23/3273d532d1eb4b2aa6488696b7a55407.png
[3010ebc19b1042d4a4e99e0c9334bb1c.gif]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/23/e83021a8f89447108efac1f3fd7a9c91.gif