SpringBoot2.1.X 整合Elasticsearch

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2024-04-19 13:00 58阅读 0赞

#### 一、查看 Spring Data官网：[http://projects.spring.io/spring-data/][http_projects.spring.io_spring-data] ####

Spring Data 的使命是给各种数据访问提供统一的编程接口，不管是关系型数据库（如MySQL），还是非关系数据库（如Redis），或者类似Elasticsearch这样的索引数据库。从而简化开发人员的代码，提高开发效率。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**Spring Data Elasticsearch的页面：[https://projects.spring.io/spring-data-elasticsearch/][https_projects.spring.io_spring-data-elasticsearch]**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

**Elasticsearch也是基于Lucene的全文检索库，本质也是存储数据，很多概念与MySQL类似的。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

从上看：**Elasticsearch与mysql对比**

索引库（indices）--------------------------------Databases 数据库
    
    类型（type）--------------------------------table 数据表
    
    文档（document）--------------------------------row 行数据
    
    字段（field）--------------------------------column 列

![format_png][]

上图来自[SpringBoot整合ElasticSearch及源码][SpringBoot_ElasticSearch]

在Elasticsearch有一些集群相关的概念：

1. 索引集（Indices，index的复数）：逻辑上的完整索引  
2. 分片（shard）：数据拆分后的各个部分  
3. 副本（replica）：每个分片的复制  
注意：  
Elasticsearch本身就是分布式的，因此即便你只有一个节点，Elasticsearch默认也会对你的数据进行分片和副本操作，当你向集群添加新数据时，数据也会在新加入的节点中进行平衡。

## 二、实战操作 ##

**1、添加maven依赖**

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            </dependency>

**2、接口继承ElasticSearchRepository,里面有很多默认实现**

package net.hlx.myspringboot.redis_demo.repository;
    
    import net.hlx.myspringboot.redis_demo.entity.Article;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    /**
     * ArticleRepository接口
     */
    @Component
    //@Repository
    public interface ArticleRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Article, Long> {
    
    }

**3、实体对象（索引名称记得小写，类属性名称也要小写；加上类注解 @Document(indexName = "blog", type = "article")）**

**
     * 功能描述：文章对象
     * @Document:一条记录
     * indexName=数据库名
     * type=表名
     */
    @Document(indexName = "blog", type = "article")
    public class Article implements Serializable{
    
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    	private long id;  //ID
    	
    	private String title;  //标题
    	
    	private String summary; //概要
    	
    	private String content; //内容
    	
    	private int pv; //pv

**4、配置文件application.properties**

查看文档：[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/][https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_2.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT_reference_htmlsingle]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

# Elasticsearch cluster name.
    spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=elasticsearch
    
    # Comma-separated list of cluster node addresses.
    spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=localhost:9300
    
    # Additional properties used to configure the client.
    spring.data.elasticsearch.repositories.enabled=true

**5、Controller类**

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/elastic/my")
    public class ArticleController {
    
        /**
         * 注入
         */
        @Autowired
        private ArticleRepository articleRepository;
    
        @GetMapping("save")
        public Object save(){
    
            //数据对象
            Article article =new Article(1L,"ElasticSearch","如何安装和使用ElasticSearch","what are your reading book?",888);
            Article article1 =new Article(2L,"Springboot","使用Springboot","can I borrow your copy?",889);
            Article article3 =new Article(3L,"这个elasticSearch搜索引擎,你知道吗？","这是概述","would you do like book?",890);
    
            //写入
            articleRepository.save(article);
           articleRepository.save(article1);
            articleRepository.save(article3);
    
            return JsonData.buildSuccess();
        }
    
        @GetMapping("find")
        public Object find(String title){
          //  QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery(); //搜索全部文档
            //查找summary
            QueryBuilder builder= QueryBuilders.matchQuery("title",title);
    
            //返回集合
            Iterable<Article> it = articleRepository.search(builder);
    
            return JsonData.buildSuccess(it);
        }
    
    }

查询构建器的工厂QueryBuilder使用:  
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/1.3/query-dsl-queries.html

启动：

**添加索引数据**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

查看索引列表

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

查看某个索引库结构：http://localhost:9200/blog ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

查看某个对象：http://localhost:9200/blog/article/1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

根据标题查询数据 ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

[http_projects.spring.io_spring-data]: http://projects.spring.io/spring-data/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/672185a7caa54bb6bd8cb6c880ac4f3e.png
[https_projects.spring.io_spring-data-elasticsearch]: https://projects.spring.io/spring-data-elasticsearch/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/8792bed1fcaf4624b4fc3b8e7f3e5365.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/51554abc8c644993affbcd56e595b6c2.png
[format_png]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWQtaW1hZ2VzLmppYW5zaHUuaW8vdXBsb2FkX2ltYWdlcy81ODA1NTk2LWMzMjAzYzQyZGQyYTkzNzQuanBnP2ltYWdlTW9ncjIvYXV0by1vcmllbnQvc3RyaXB8aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8yL3cvMTIwMC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicA?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[SpringBoot_ElasticSearch]: https://www.imooc.com/article/37345
[https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_2.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT_reference_htmlsingle]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/6af2d3047d3c4a77b9f4658d3d707f91.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/251fecc1562645a7aa2668633cf46488.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/fd9efd5684da4649a8a505bf362267b9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/e2c621500e2d4900a1db3886480a06d2.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/ca798037c8b942d59dff5f772f6719e7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/8939ec4b836c4374824ca724f2953b47.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/db6ef14e23884aed9d49d667a58f70f4.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hseDIwMDgwODA4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/774e1d6eaa464d9695cf1be764c10e18.png