Python学习笔记：glob模块（文件、路径操作）

た入场券 2024-04-19 09:58 80阅读 0赞

# glob #

`sys.path[0]` 获得当前目录  
当前目录为：`F:/PycharmProjects/NIP-keyword extraction` 子目录如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190916215608334.png]

`NlP-keyword`子目录为：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NDEwNDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## glob支持 \* ? \[\] 这三种通配符 ##

1.  \*代表0个或多个字符
2.  ?代表一个字符
3.  \[ \]匹配指定范围内的字符，如\[0-9\]匹配数字

## glob.iglob ##

iglob与glob类似，只是这里返回值为迭代器，对于大量文件时更为省内存

import sys
    from glob import glob,iglob
    x = iglob(sys.path[0]+'/*/*.py')
    print(x)

结果：

\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#

import sys
    from glob import glob,iglob
    for x in iglob(sys.path[0]+'/*/*.py'):
        print(x)

结果

F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\crfsuite_model.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\evaluate.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\preprocessing.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\submit.py

## glob.glob ##

得到的是一个`list`

import sys
    from glob import glob,iglob
    
    x = glob(sys.path[0]+'/*/*.py')
    print(x)
    print(type(x))

结果：

['F:\\PycharmProjects\\NIP-keyword extraction\\NIP-keyword\\crfsuite_model.py', 'F:\\PycharmProjects\\NIP-keyword extraction\\NIP-keyword\\evaluate.py', 'F:\\PycharmProjects\\NIP-keyword extraction\\NIP-keyword\\preprocessing.py', 'F:\\PycharmProjects\\NIP-keyword extraction\\NIP-keyword\\submit.py']
    <class 'list'>

#### 遍历指定文件夹下所有文件或文件夹（不能遍历文件夹中的文件） ####

import sys
    from glob import glob
    for x in glob(sys.path[0]+'/*'):
        print(x)

结果：

F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\1.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\tta_test.ipynb

#### 遍历指定文件夹下的所有文件夹里的所有文件，/\*/\*可以根据文件夹层数自主设定 ####

import sys
    from glob import glob
    for x in glob(sys.path[0]+'/*/*'):
        print(x)

结果：

F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\crfsuite_model.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\data
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\evaluate.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\main.ipynb
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\model
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\preprocessing.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\stroke
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\submit
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\submit.py
    F:\PycharmProjects\NIP-keyword extraction\NIP-keyword\__pycache__

[20190916215608334.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/0baab8ea08df4efdb0a5afca2231c549.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NDEwNDI4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/91b41b742e13449f9bf6c044b71d0059.png