用Swift5.1实现iOS中的远程推送流程

末蓝、 2024-04-17 13:54 58阅读 0赞

> 级别： ★★☆☆☆  
> 标签：「iOS」「Swift 」「Push」  
> 作者： [dac\_1033][dac_1033]  
> 审校： [QiShare团队][QiShare]

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我们之前发过关于推送的文章[iOS 推送通知及通知扩展][iOS]，其中介绍了推送相关流程及代码实现，不过使用OC实现的，现在我们就来介绍一下在iOS10.0以上系统中，用Swift处理远程推送通知的相关流程及实现。

#### 1. 远程推送的流程 ####

苹果官方提供的远程推送通知的传递示意图如下：

各关键组件之间的交互细节：

> 不论实现的语言是OC该是Swift，远程推送流程都是一样的，只是根据iOS版本的不同，注册推送的方法、收到推送是的回调方法会有不同。

#### 2. 实现远程推送功能的准备工作 ####

*  在开发者账号中，创建AppID，并为AppID开通推送权限；
 *  生成并下载安装推送证书、描述文件；
 *  APP端的工程设置界面，capabilities页面下，将“Push Notifications”设置为ON。

#### 3. 不同iOS版本间推送通知的区别 ####

*  aps串的格式变化

// iOS10.0 之前： 
    {
        "aps":{
        "alert":{
        "body": "This is a message"},"sound":"default","badge":1}}
    //iOS 10 基础Payload：
    {
        "aps":{
        "alert":{
        "title":"I am title","subtitle":"I am subtitle","body":"I am body"},"sound":"default","badge":1}}
    复制代码

*  注册通知 iOS10.0 之前

//iOS8以下 
    [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    //iOS8 - iOS10
    [application registerUserNotificationSettings:[UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]];
    复制代码

iOS10.0 及以后

// OC
    UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
    UNAuthorizationOptions options = UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert;
    [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:options completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
    
    }
    
    // Swift
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]{          granted, error in
    }
    复制代码

*  获取推送设置 iOS10.0 之前是不能获取推送设置的，iOS 10 还可以实时获取用户当前的推送的设置信息：

@available(iOS 10.0, *)
    open class UNNotificationSettings : NSObject, NSCopying, NSSecureCoding {
    
        open var authorizationStatus: UNAuthorizationStatus { get }
        open var soundSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var badgeSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var alertSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var notificationCenterSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var lockScreenSetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var carPlaySetting: UNNotificationSetting { get }
        open var alertStyle: UNAlertStyle { get }
    }
    
    //获取设置
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().getNotificationSettings {
        settings in 
        print(settings.authorizationStatus) // .authorized | .denied | .notDetermined
        print(settings.badgeSetting) // .enabled | .disabled | .notSupported
    }
    复制代码

#### 2 UserNotifications ####

iOS10.0 及之后iOS加入了UserNotifications框架，Swift中的这个框架包括了以下库：

import UserNotifications.NSString_UserNotifications
    import UserNotifications.UNError
    import UserNotifications.UNNotification
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationAction
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationAttachment
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationCategory
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationContent
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationRequest
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationResponse
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationServiceExtension
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationSettings
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationSound
    import UserNotifications.UNNotificationTrigger
    import UserNotifications.UNUserNotificationCenter
    复制代码

#### 3. 需要实现的代码 ####

*  注册远程推送 要先导入UserNotifications头文件，注册逻辑如下：

// 在AppDelegate的didFinishLaunchingWithOptions方法中注册远程推送通知
    // - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary *)launchOptions NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);
    
    // 注册远程推送通知
    func registerNotifications(_ application: UIApplication) {
            
            if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
         
                let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
                center.delegate = self
                center.getNotificationSettings { (setting) in
                    if setting.authorizationStatus == .notDetermined {
                        center.requestAuthorization(options: [.badge,.sound,.alert]) { (result, error) in
                            if(result){
                                if !(error != nil){
                                    // 注册成功
                                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                                        application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
                                    }
                                }
                            } else{
                                //用户不允许推送
                            }
                        }
                    } else if (setting.authorizationStatus == .denied){
                        // 申请用户权限被拒
                    } else if (setting.authorizationStatus == .authorized){
                        // 用户已授权（再次获取dt）
                        DispatchQueue.main.async {
                            application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
                        }
                    } else {
                        // 未知错误
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    复制代码

*  处理deviceToken：

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
      
      let dtDataStr = NSData.init(data: deviceToken)
      let dtStr = dtDataStr.description.replacingOccurrences(of: "<", with: "").replacingOccurrences(of: ">", with: "").replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
     // 上报deviceToken
    
    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: Error) {
            
       // 弹窗提示
    }
    复制代码

*  处理接收到的推送信息：

// UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate
    
    // The method will be called on the delegate only if the application is in the foreground. 
    // If the method is not implemented or the handler is not called in a timely manner then the notification will not be presented. 
    // The application can choose to have the notification presented as a sound, badge, alert and/or in the notification list. 
    // This decision should be based on whether the information in the notification is otherwise visible to the user.
    - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions options))completionHandler __IOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __TVOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __WATCHOS_AVAILABLE(3.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14);
    
    // The method will be called on the delegate when the user responded to the notification by opening the application, dismissing the notification or choosing a UNNotificationAction. 
    // The delegate must be set before the application returns from application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:.
    - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler __IOS_AVAILABLE(10.0) __WATCHOS_AVAILABLE(3.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;
    
    // The method will be called on the delegate when the application is launched in response to the user's request to view in-app notification settings. 
    // Add UNAuthorizationOptionProvidesAppNotificationSettings as an option in requestAuthorizationWithOptions:completionHandler: to add a button to inline notification settings view and the notification settings view in Settings. 
    // The notification will be nil when opened from Settings.
    - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center openSettingsForNotification:(nullable UNNotification *)notification __IOS_AVAILABLE(12.0) __OSX_AVAILABLE(10.14) __WATCHOS_PROHIBITED __TVOS_PROHIBITED;
    复制代码

写好代码并设置好证书后，可以使用测试工具Pusher和真机测试一下...

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