SpringBoot测试失败并报错: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration

悠悠 2024-03-27 11:55 56阅读 0赞

### 情况一： ###

该测试类在测试包test下的包名和类路径java下的包名不一致导致的，修改包名一致即可  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d3d3d3d3czMTMxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
由于包名自动生成的缘故导致这两个包名不一致，引发以下报错

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=…) with your test

解决：修改包名一致，如图  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d3d3d3d3czMTMxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
问题解决，这是最好的解决方案

### 情况二 ###

如果不想修改包名，那么需要在注解上加上@SpringBootTest(classes = xxx.class)，来告诉springboot这是一个独立的测试类,注意xxx代表测试方法的类名，如图所示  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210406153052406.png]  
但这里会产生额外的问题，因为此时springboot已经把该类当成一个独立的测试类了，这意味着这个测试类对应独立的IOC容器，所以此时我们无法注入到main包中的组件，案例如下,main包下的路径是com.sobot.demo7,而同理，test包下com.sobot.demo7路径下测试类，可以正常装配userMapper组件

com.sobot.demo8路径下测试类，则根本无法找到userMapper这个组件  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Z6D5Zy-546L5a2Q5pmX_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
这种情况下测试类DemoApplicationTests中无法注入com.sobot.demo7路径下的组件userMapper

### 情况三 ###

使用以下注解

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = {JPAConfig.class})

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d3d3d3d3czMTMxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/2756b5ca54374b3ebd805f94bd2127ca.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d3d3d3d3czMTMxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/f6c24442d7ee4654a8d2e21ba64bb123.png
[20210406153052406.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/c8d6c939fe444a3d82ac58706c6925a1.png
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Z6D5Zy-546L5a2Q5pmX_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/40e337d9f15a41359f104a5bad902422.png

SpringBoot测试失败并报错: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration

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