Java开发实现图书管理系统（超详细）

柔情只为你懂 2024-03-27 09:47 52阅读 0赞

> #### 本文用Java代码实现图书代码管理系统，有些地方可能会有纰漏，希望各位大佬鉴赏！！ ####

## 文章目录 ##

*  文章目录
    
    一、Java实现图书管理系统
    
    1.1创建book包
    
    二、创建图书管理系统的操作包
    
    2.1创建Operation接口
    
    三、创建User包
    
    3.1创建User类
    
    四、主函数的实现

--------------------

## **一、Java实现图书管理系统** ##

### 1.1创建book包 ###

> 首先在book中要创建Book类和BookList类，进行封装图书，在Book类中要有书名，作者，价格，类型和是否被借出图书。在BookList类中是书架对图书的封装，进行图书初始化和对图书设置的各种方法。

![9923f7a7f40c4a49a9931025e5d25c90.png][]

Book类的实现

package book;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:48
     */
    public class Book {
    
        private String name;//书名
        private String author;//作者
        private int price;//价格
        private String type;//类型
        private boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出
    
        public Book(){
        }
    
        public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
            this.name = name;
            this.author = author;
            this.price = price;
            this.type = type;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public String getAuthor() {
            return author;
        }
    
        public void setAuthor(String author) {
            this.author = author;
        }
    
        public int getPrice() {
            return price;
        }
    
        public void setPrice(int price) {
            this.price = price;
        }
    
        public String getType() {
            return type;
        }
    
        public void setType(String type) {
            this.type = type;
        }
    
        public boolean isBorrowed() {
            return isBorrowed;
        }
    
        public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
            isBorrowed = borrowed;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "book{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                    ", price=" + price +
                    ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                    //", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed +
                    (isBorrowed == true ?  "已经被借出 " :  "未被借出 ")+
                    '}';
        }
    
    }

BookList类的实现

package book;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: 书架
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:51
     */
    public class BookList {
        private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 10;
        private Book[] books = new Book[DEFAULT_SIZE];
        private int usedSize;//记录当前books数组中 有多少本书
    
        public BookList() {
            books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",89,"小说");
            books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",78,"小说");
            books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",49,"小说");
            this.usedSize = 3;
        }
    
        public Book getBook(int pos){
            return this.books[pos];
        }
    
        public void setBook(int pos,Book book){
            this.books[pos] = book;
        }
    
        public void setBook(Book book){
            this.books[usedSize] = book;
        }
    
        public int getUsedSize() {
            return usedSize;
        }
    
        public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
            this.usedSize = usedSize;
        }
    }

## 二、创建图书管理系统的操作包 ##

### 2.1创建Operation接口 ###

> 创建Operation接口来实现对图书的相关具体操作，其中管理员和普通用户的功能不同，需要都来实现Operation接口。

![32fc8bba755847a4982916883f708b4f.png][]

IOPeration接口的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.BookList;
    
    public interface IOPeration {
    
        void work(BookList bookList);
    
    }

AddOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:01
     */
    public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("请输入书名：");
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
    
            System.out.println("请输入作者：");
            String author = scanner.nextLine();
    
            System.out.println("请输入类型：");
            String type = scanner.nextLine();
    
            System.out.println("请输入价格：");
            int price = scanner.nextInt();
    
            Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
    
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
                if (tmp.getName().equals(name)) {
                    System.out.println("已经存在这本书了");
                    return;
                }
            }
            bookList.setBook(book);
            //修改usedSize
            bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
        }
    }

BrrowOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:05
     */
    public class BrrowOperation implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            System.out.println("输入你要借阅的图书");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
                if(book.getName().equals(name) &&
                        !book.isBorrowed()){
                    book.setBorrowed(true);
                    System.out.println("借阅成功");
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }

DelOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:03
     */
    public class DelOpertaion implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            System.out.println("删除图书");
            System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书名字");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            int index = -1;
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
                if (book.getName().equals(name)){
                   index = i;
                   break;
                }
            }
            //挪动数据
            for (int j = index; j < currentSize-1; j++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);
                bookList.setBook(j,book);
            }
            //修改size
            bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
            //最后置为null
            bookList.setBook(currentSize-1,null);
        }
    }

ExitOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.BookList;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:04
     */
    public class ExitOperation implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            System.out.println("退出系统！");
            System.exit(0);
        }
    }

FindOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:01
     */
    public class FindOperation implements IOPeration {
    
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            System.out.println("请输入书名: ");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
                if (book.getName().equals(name)){
                    System.out.println("找到了这本书: ");
                    System.out.println(book);
                    return;
                }
            }
            System.out.println("没有这本书！");
        }
    }

ReturnOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:05
     */
    public class ReturnOperation implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            System.out.println("输入你要归还的图书");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
                if(book.getName().equals(name) &&
                        book.isBorrowed()){
                    book.setBorrowed(false);
                    System.out.println("归还成功");
                    return;
                }
            }
    
        }
    }

ShowOperation类的实现

package opera;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 14:04
     */
    public class ShowOperation implements IOPeration{
        @Override
        public void work(BookList bookList) {
            int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
            for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
                Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
                System.out.println(book);
            }
        }
    }

## 三、创建User包 ##

### 3.1创建User类 ###

> 创建抽象类User来实现区别管理员和用户的主要功能。

package user;
    
    import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    import opera.IOPeration;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:57
     */
    public abstract class User {
        protected String name;
        protected IOPeration[] ioPerations;
    
        public User(String name){
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public abstract int menu();
    
        public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList){
            this.ioPerations[choice].work(bookList);
        }
    }

NormalUser类的实现

package user;
    
    import opera.*;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:58
     */
    public class NormalUser extends User{
    
        public NormalUser(String name) {
            super(name);
            this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
                    new ExitOperation(),
                    new FindOperation(),
                    new BrrowOperation(),
                    new ReturnOperation()
            };
        }
    
        public int menu(){
            System.out.println("******************************");
            System.out.println("hello "+name+ "欢迎来到图书小练习");
            System.out.println("1.查找图书");
            System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
            System.out.println("3.归还图书");
            System.out.println("0.退出系统");
            System.out.println("******************************");
            System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            return choice;
    
        }
    }

AdminUser类的实现

package user;
    
    import opera.*;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:57
     */
    public class AdminUser extends User{
    
        public AdminUser(String name) {
            super(name);
            this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
                    new ExitOperation(),
                    new FindOperation(),
                    new AddOperation(),
                    new DelOpertaion(),
                    new ShowOperation()
            };
        }
    
        public int menu(){
            System.out.println("******************************");
            System.out.println("hello "+name+" 欢迎来到图书小练习");
            System.out.println("1.查找图书");
            System.out.println("2.新增图书");
            System.out.println("3.删除图书");
            System.out.println("4.显示图书");
            System.out.println("0.退出系统");
            System.out.println("******************************");
            System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            return choice;
        }
    }

## 四、主函数的实现 ##

> 在主函数中来进行图书管理系统的操作。

import book.Book;
    import book.BookList;
    import user.AdminUser;
    import user.NormalUser;
    import user.User;
    
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author xyk的电脑
     * @version 1.0
     * @description: TODO
     * @date 2023/1/24 13:44
     */
    public class Main {
        public static User login(){
            System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String name = scanner.nextLine();
            System.out.println("请输入你的身份：1->管理员  0->普通用户");
            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            if (choice == 1){
                return new AdminUser(name);
            }else {
                return new NormalUser(name);
            }
        }
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            BookList bookList = new BookList();
            User user = login();
            while (true) {
                int choice = user.menu();
                //根据choice和user来确定调用哪个对象的操作
                user.doWork(choice, bookList);
            }
        }
    }

[9923f7a7f40c4a49a9931025e5d25c90.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/37f1bdd1b9e04194a307ca1ff254374a.png
[32fc8bba755847a4982916883f708b4f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/e5e5c5cf2ba6478bb2ef4d1dc0e6a4cd.png