【檀越剑指大厂—SpringCloudAlibaba】SpringCloudAlibaba基础

太过爱你忘了你带给我的痛 2024-03-26 14:16 72阅读 0赞

### 一.nacos ###

#### 1.nacos 安装 ####

##### 1.下载 #####

https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases

![image-20230117153826579][]

##### 2.上传文件 #####

上传到/opt 目录,并进行解压

#服务器
    cd /opt/nacos
    #mac机器
    cd /Users/qinyingjie/Documents/software/nacos/bin

##### 3.启动和关闭 #####

#单机启动
    sh startup.sh -m standalone
    
    #关闭
    sh shutdown.sh

##### 4.查看 #####

http://120.79.36.53:8848/nacos/
    用户名和密码都是:nacos

jps

![image-20230117154030466][]

#### 2.nacos 控制台 ####

##### 1.访问链接 #####

http://120.79.36.53:8848/nacos

##### 2.模块 #####

*  配置管理
 *  服务管理
 *  命名空间
 *  集群管理

![image-20230117140100263][]

##### 3.回滚 #####

![image-20230117140239687][]

##### 4.yaml 支持 #####

支持 2 种写法,都是 ok 的

![image-20230117160107960][]

### 二.Sentinel ###

#### 1.地址 ####

源码地址：https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel  
官方文档：https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki

Sentinel 社区官方网站:https://sentinelguard.io/zh-cn/

控制台:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases

#### 2.启动控制台 ####

Sentinel Dashboard 是一个独立的项目，sentinel-dashboard-1.8.6.jar，需要使用 java -jar 运行

#进入sentinel的目录
    cd /kwan/software
    
    #启动sentinel的控制台
    nohup java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.8.6.jar --server.port=8181 >sentinel-dashboard.log 2>&1 &

#### 3.访问控制台 ####

默认情况下 Sentinel 会在客户端首次调用的时候进行初始化，开始向控制台发送心跳包。也可以配置  
sentinel.eager=true ,取消 Sentinel 控制台懒加载。打开浏览器即可展示 Sentinel 的管理控制台

#控制台
    http://120.79.36.53:8181/#/login
    
    #账号密码
    sentinel
    sentinel

#端口号
    server:
      port: 18088
    
    #spring配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: sentinel-demo
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: http://120.79.36.53:8848 #服务注册地址
          config:
            server-addr: http://120.79.36.53:8848 #配置中心地址
            file-extension: yaml #文件类型
            group: DEV_GROUP #组别
            namespace: e750dcd5-657b-489b-8d15-b7b71aa3e984 #命名空间
            refresh-enabled: true #默认自动刷新
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: 120.79.36.53:8181

![image-20230202225116088][]

#### 4.pom ####

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sentinel-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sentinel-transport-simple-http</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    </dependency>

#### 5.代码实现 sentinel ####

public static void main(String[] args) {
        
      while (true) {
        
          Entry entry = null;
          try {
        
              entry = SphU.entry("HelloWorld");
              /*您的业务逻辑 - 开始*/
              System.out.println("hello world");
              /*您的业务逻辑 - 结束*/
          } catch (BlockException e1) {
        
              /*流控逻辑处理 - 开始*/
              System.out.println("block!");
              /*流控逻辑处理 - 结束*/
          } finally {
        
              if (entry != null) {
        
                  entry.exit();
              }
          }
      }
    }

#### 6.节点说明 ####

##### 1.实时监控 #####

实时监控，可用于查看接口访问情况

![image-20230202230429467][]

##### 2.簇点链路 #####

簇点链路，可以对对应的资源流控降级

![image-20230202230524364][]

##### 3.流控规则 #####

*  QPS
 *  线程数

![image-20230202230632534][]

**自定义规则**

/**
     * http://localhost:18088/sentinel/world
     *
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/world")
    @SentinelResource(value = "helloWorld", blockHandler = "helloBlock")
    public String helloWorld() {
        
        return "Hello world";
    }
    
    public String helloBlock(BlockException e) {
        
        return "你已被流控";
    }

**关联限流**

这里的意思是如果/hello/add 接口一秒钟之内访问超过 2 次，则/hello/query 会被限流。

![image-20230202231558608][]

##### 4.熔断规则 #####

也要设置熔断时长，熔断时长过完之后会进入半开状态，即若下一次请求为慢请求则再次熔断，直到第一次请求不是慢请求才会恢复正常状态。

![image-20230202231823955][]

#### 7.sentinel 持久化 ####

##### 1.bootstrap 配置 #####

bootstrap.yml

#端口号
    server:
      port: 8086
    
    #spring配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-server-sentinel-consumer
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #服务注册地址
          config:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址
            file-extension: yaml #文件类型
            group: DEV_GROUP #组别
            namespace: 4cd9bd32-8f25-45cd-b919-df1a0df146e0 #命名空间
            refresh-enabled: true #默认自动刷新
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: 127.0.0.1:8181
            port: 8719 #默认端口，如果被占用则从8719依次+1扫描
          datasource:
            ds1:
              nacos:
                server-addr: localhost:8848
                username: nacos
                password: nacos
                dataId: nacos-server-sentinel-consumer # 微服务名称
                groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
                data-type: json
                rule-type: flow # 流控规则

##### 2.pom #####

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
                <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
            </dependency>

##### 3.nacos 配置 #####

[
      {
        
        "resource": "/flowLimit/persistent",
        "limitApp": "default",
        "grade": 1,
        "count": 1,
        "strategy": 0,
        "controlBehavior": 0,
        "clusterMode": false
      },
      {
        
        "resource": "/flowLimit/testHotKey",
        "limitApp": "default",
        "grade": 1,
        "count": 1,
        "strategy": 0,
        "controlBehavior": 0,
        "clusterMode": false
      }
    ]

![image-20230215134537788][]

#### 8.sentinel 常见问题 ####

##### 1.控制台修改未同步 #####

push 模式的数据源（如配置中心）都是**只读**的。对于配置中心类型的数据源（如 ZooKeeper），我们推荐在推送规则时直接推送至配置中心，然后配置中心再自动推送至所有的客户端（即 `Dashboard -> Config Center -> Sentinel DataSource -> Sentinel`），**目前需要自行改造控制台**。可以参见：[在生产环境中使用 Sentinel 控制台][Sentinel]。

对于 pull 模式的数据源（如本地文件），则可以向 transport-common 模块的 `WritableDataSourceRegistry` 注册写入数据源，在推送规则时会一并推送至本地数据源中。

##### 2.异常处理方式 #####

有以下几种情况：

*  默认资源被流控降级后会抛出 `BlockException` 异常的子类（比如限流会抛 `FlowException` 异常，降级会抛出降级异常 `DegradeException`）。您可以通过以下方法判断是否为流控降级异常：`BlockException.isBlockException(Throwable t)`。
 *  对于 [Sentinel 注解模式][Sentinel 1]，可以在 `@SentinelResource` 注解上配置 `blockHandler` 函数（注意对应函数的签名需要符合要求），在被限流降级的时候进行相应的处理。
 *  对于 Dubbo 服务，我们支持注册全局的 fallback 函数，可参考 [Dubbo 适配文档][Dubbo]。
 *  Web Servlet Filter：默认情况下，当请求被限流时会返回默认的提示页面，提示信息为：`Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)`。您也可以通过 `WebServletConfig.setBlockPage(blockPage)` 方法设定自定义的跳转 URL，当请求被限流时会自动跳转至设定好的 URL。同样也可以实现 `UrlBlockHandler` 接口并编写定制化的限流处理逻辑，然后将其注册至 `WebCallbackManager` 中。详情可参考 [Web Servlet Filter 扩展文档][Web Servlet Filter]。

##### 3.入口资源和出口资源 #####

入口资源和出口资源是什么意思？EntryType.IN 有什么作用？

A: 入口流量指的是进入应用的流量（`EntryType.IN`），通常作为 provider。比如 Web 服务或 Dubbo 服务端接收的请求，都属于入口流量。而出口流量指的是从本资源调其它资源的流量（`EntryType.OUT`），通常作为 consumer。

部分规则的判断会区分流量类型，比如**系统规则只对入口流量生效**。

##### 4.强制熔断 #####

Sentinel 熔断降级有没有类似于 Hystrix 的强制熔断（forceOpen）的功能？

可以直接针对该资源配置一条 QPS=0 的流控规则即可达到该效果。

##### 5.同个资源多条规则？ #####

Sentinel 中同个资源名 (resource) 支持配置多种、多条规则，多条规则会并列生效。从实际触发效果来说，一般是阈值紧的先生效。

### 三.gateway ###

#### 1.网关服务配置 ####

##### 1.pom #####

<dependencies>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>

##### 2. bootstrap.yml #####

#端口号
    server:
      port: 8089
    
    management:
      endpoint:
        health:
          show-details: always
      endpoints:
        jmx:
          exposure:
            include: "*"
        web:
          exposure:
            include: "*"
      health:
        sentinel:
          enabled: false
    
    #spring配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-server-gateway
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        gateway:
          enabled: true #开启网关
          discovery:
            locator:
              enabled: true #启用DiscoveryClient
          routes:
            - id: route1
              uri: lb://nacos-server-consumer
              predicates:
                - Path=/nacos/consumer/test,/nacos/consumer/index
            - id: route2
              uri: lb://nacos-server-producer
              predicates:
                - Path=/service/**
              filter:
                - AddRequestHeader=X-Request-Id,12345
    
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: http://120.79.36.53:8848 #服务注册地址
            username: nacos
            password: nacos
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: 127.0.0.1:8181
            port: 8719 #默认端口，如果被占用则从8719依次+1扫描

##### 3.主类 #####

@EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class GatewayApplication {
        
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
            System.out.println("-------------------------------网关服务启动成功-------------------------------");
        }
    }

#### 2.消费端配置 ####

##### 1. bootstrap.yml #####

#端口号
    server:
      port: 8085
    
    #spring配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-server-consumer
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: http://120.79.36.53:8848 #服务注册地址
          config:
            server-addr: http://120.79.36.53:8848 #配置中心地址
            file-extension: yaml #文件类型
            group: DEV_GROUP #组别
            namespace: 4cd9bd32-8f25-45cd-b919-df1a0df146e0 #命名空间
            refresh-enabled: true #默认自动刷新

##### 2.controller #####

/**
         * 获取配置的变量
         * <p>
         * http://127.0.0.1:8085/nacos/consumer/nameInfo
         */
        @GetMapping(value = "/nameInfo", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PROBLEM_JSON_VALUE)
        public Result nameInfo() {
        
            return Result.ok();
        }
    
    
        /**
         * http://127.0.0.1:8085/nacos/consumer/test
         */
        @GetMapping(value = "/test", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PROBLEM_JSON_VALUE)
        public Result test() {
        
            return Result.ok();
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 获取配置的变量
         */
        @GetMapping(value = "/index", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PROBLEM_JSON_VALUE)
        public Result index() {
        
            return Result.ok();
        }

#### 3.访问 ####

> http://127.0.0.1:8089/nacos/consumer/index 可以访问
> 
> 因为在网关服务配置了-Path 信息

#### 4.依赖 ####

在使用 gateway 网关的时候,不能引入 spring-boot-starter-web,否则会报错,因为内置服务器为 netty 服务器

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

#### 5.配置文件方式 ####

通过配置文件的方式跳转到淘宝

@Configuration
    public class GatewayConfig {
        
    
        /**
         * 访问外网淘宝网
         *
         * @param builder
         * @return
         */
        @Bean
        public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
        
            return builder.routes()
                    .route("gateway_baidu", r -> r.path("/gateway/toTaobao")
                            .uri("http://www.taobao.com"))
                    .build();//id，访问配置path，以及真正访问地址
        }
    }

#### 6.十一种谓词 ####

routes:
      - id: route1
        uri: lb://nacos-server-consumer
        predicates:
          - Path=/nacos/consumer/test,/nacos/consumer/index
            # - After=2023-02-17T23:26:22.403+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
            # - Before=2023-02-17T23:26:22.403+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
            # - Between=2023-02-17T23:26:22.403+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2023-03-30T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/shanghai]
            # - Between=2023-03-17T23:26:22.403+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2023-03-30T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/shanghai]
            # - Cookie=username,Lisi
            # - Cookie=username,\d+
            # - Header=id,001
          #   - Header=id,\d+
          #   - Host=**.somehost.org,**.anotherhost.org
          #   - Method=GET,POST
          #- Query=number,abc
          - RemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24

- id: weight_high
      uri: https://weighthigh.org
      predicates:
        - Weight=group1, 8
    - id: weight_low
      uri: https://weightlow.org
      predicates:
        - Weight=group1, 2

**请求方式**

#添加cookie
    curl http://localhost:8089/nacos/consumer/index --cookie "username=Lisi"
    
    #添加header
    curl http://localhost:8089/nacos/consumer/index -H "id:001"
    
    #添加host
    curl http://localhost:8089/nacos/consumer/index -H "host:a.somehost.org"
    
    #添加指定参数
    http://localhost:8089/nacos/consumer/index?number=abc

### 四.skywalking ###

#### 1.启动服务 ####

在 startup.sh 文件中,可以同时启动 webappService 和 oapService

#启动服务端和控制台
    /Users/qinyingjie/Documents/software/skywalking/apache-skywalking-apm-bin/bin/startup.sh
    
    #访问控制台
    http://127.0.0.1:8080/

webappService.sh 对应 web 端的启动

oapService.sh 对应的是 oap 收集器的启动

#### 2.在 idea 中使用 ####

![image-20230219104106378][]

#### 3.配置说明 ####

##### 1.jvm 参数添加 #####

指定 agent 代理包的 jar 包地址

-javaagent:/Users/qinyingjie/Documents/software/skywalking/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar

##### 2.添加环境参数 #####

SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800;SW_AGENT_NAME=nacos-server-consumer
    
    SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800;SW_AGENT_NAME=nacos-server-producer

*  SW\_AGENT\_COLLECTOR\_BACKEND\_SERVICES:收集器的地址
 *  SW\_AGENT\_NAME:被监控的微服务的名称

#### 4.控制台 ####

通过以下链接可以访问控制台

http://127.0.0.1:8080/

![image-20230219104427042][]

#### 5.服务器启动 ####

![image-20230219114442652][]

#### 6.微服务监控 ####

通过 consumer 负载均衡调用 producer,还可以看到查询了 mysql 数据库,数据监控一目了然

**图形化展示**

![image-20230219120626015][]

**接口调用追踪**

![image-20230219120735200][]

**展示格式多样化**

![image-20230219120804516][]

#### 7.日志打印 TraceID ####

##### 1.修改 pom #####

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>
          <artifactId>apm-toolkit-logback-1.x</artifactId>
          <version>8.7.0</version>
    </dependency>

##### 2.修改 logback #####

<appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <file>/apps/logs/app.log</file>
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <fileNamePattern>/apps/logs/app-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log</fileNamePattern>
            <MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory>
            <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
                <maxFileSize>200MB</maxFileSize>
            </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
        </rollingPolicy>
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder">
            <layout class="org.apache.skywalking.apm.toolkit.log.logback.v1.x.TraceIdPatternLogbackLayout">
                
                <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %tid %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern>
    
            </layout>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

##### 3.移动 agent 插件 #####

将 agent 路径 activations/apm-toolkit-logback-1.x-activation-8.7.0.jar 移动到 plugins 中。

##### 4.观察结果 #####

> 2022-01-17 13:50:50.250 \[http-nio-9013-exec-1\] INFO TID:1baac609bcd549f9bde79acba8c1d34a.33.16423986502360001 o.a.c.core.ContainerBase.\[Tomcat\].\[localhost\].\[/\] - Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet ‘dispatcherServlet’  
> 2022-01-17 13:50:50.250 \[http-nio-9013-exec-1\] INFO TID:1baac609bcd549f9bde79acba8c1d34a.33.16423986502360001 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet - Initializing Servlet ‘dispatcherServlet’  
> 2022-01-17 13:50:50.263 \[http-nio-9013-exec-1\] INFO TID:1baac609bcd549f9bde79acba8c1d34a.33.16423986502360001 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet - Complete

#### 8.警告回调 ####

#webhooks:
    #  - http://127.0.0.1/notify/
    #  - http://127.0.0.1/go-wechat/

#### 9.停止服务 ####

jps
    # 72844 OAPServerStartUp
    # 72849 skywalking-webapp.jar
    kill 72844 72849

### 五.seata ###

#### 1.启动 TC server ####

下载 TC server 服务,进入 bin 目录,启动 TC server 服务,默认端口号是 7091

cd /Users/qinyingjie/Documents/software/seata/bin

![image-20230219133221186][]

#### 2.yaml 配置 ####

seata 相关的配置是大坑,很容易出问题

server:
      port: 8761
      servlet:
        encoding:
          force: true
          charset: UTF-8
          enabled: true
    
    swagger:
      enable: true
    
    #兼容swagger配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: spring-boot-name
      #项目启动时创建数据表的 SQL 脚本，该脚本由 Spring Batch 提供
      #spring.datasource.schema=classpath:/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-mysql.sql
      # 在项目启动时执行建表 SQL
      batch:
        initialize-schema: always
        # 禁止 Spring Batch 自动执行，在 SpringBoot 中，默认情况，当项目启动时就会执行配置好的批理操作，添加了该配置后则不会自动执行，而需要用户手动触发执行
        job:
          enabled: false
      mail:
        host: smtp.qq.com
        # 发送者的邮箱账号
        username: 327782001@qq.com
        # 邮箱密码授权码
        password: kypxnmwfniqrcbeh
        properties:
          mail:
            smtp:
              auth: true
              starttls:
                enable: true
                required: true
      redis:
        database: 0 # Redis数据库索引（默认为0）
        host: 120.79.36.53 #Redis服务器地址
        port: 6379 # Redis服务器连接端口
        password: # Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）
        jedis:
          pool:
            max-active: 200 # 连接池最大连接数（使用负值表示没有限制）
            max-idle: 10 # 连接池中的最大空闲连接
            min-idle: 0 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接
            max-wait: -1 # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间（使用负值表示没有限制）
      mvc:
        pathmatch:
          matching-strategy: ant_path_matcher
      # mysql
      datasource:
        dynamic:
          seata: true
          primary: kwan-ds
          datasource:
            kwan-ds:
              driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
              url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/kwan?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
              username: root
              password: 716288qwe
            ali-ds:
              driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
              url: jdbc:mysql://120.79.36.53:3306/kwan?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
              username: root
              password: 15671628341Qwe.
    
    seata:
      application-id: spring-boot-name
      tx-service-group: my-tx-group
      service:
        vgroup-mapping:
          my-tx-group: seata-server
        grouplist:
          seata-server: 127.0.0.1:8091
      enabled: true
    
    #mybatis-plus配置
    mybatis-plus:
      configuration:
        map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
        call-setters-on-nulls: true
        auto-mapping-behavior: full
        log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
      mapper-locations: classpath*:mapper/**/*Mapper.xml
      global-config:
        banner: false
        # 逻辑删除配置
        db-config:
          id-type: AUTO
          logic-delete-field: delFlag
          logic-delete-value: 1
          logic-not-delete-value: 0
          table-underline: true
    
    #logger配置
    logging:
      config: classpath:logback-spring.xml

#### 3.创建 UNDO\_LOG 表 ####

SEATA AT 模式需要 UNDO\_LOG 表

-- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
    CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
      `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
      `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
      `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
      `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
      `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
      `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
      `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
      UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

#### 4.@GlobalTransactional 注解 ####

@Override
    @GlobalTransactional
    public Person savePerson(Person person) {
        
        personMapper.insert(person);
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(person.getUsername());
        user.setSex(person.getGender());
        feignUserService.save(user);
        return person;
    }

#### 5.undo\_log 具体内容 ####

{
        
      "undo_log": [
        {
        
          "id": 3,
          "branch_id": 4666091171524669445,
          "xid": "192.168.31.82:8091:4666091171524669444",
          "context": "serializer=jackson",
          "rollback_info": {
        
            "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.BranchUndoLog",
            "xid": "192.168.31.82:8091:4666091171524669444",
            "branchId": 4666091171524669445,
            "sqlUndoLogs": [
              "java.util.ArrayList",
              [
                {
        
                  "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.SQLUndoLog",
                  "sqlType": "INSERT",
                  "tableName": "user",
                  "beforeImage": {
        
                    "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords$EmptyTableRecords",
                    "tableName": "user",
                    "rows": ["java.util.ArrayList", []]
                  },
                  "afterImage": {
        
                    "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords",
                    "tableName": "user",
                    "rows": [
                      "java.util.ArrayList",
                      [
                        {
        
                          "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Row",
                          "fields": [
                            "java.util.ArrayList",
                            [
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "id",
                                "keyType": "PRIMARY_KEY",
                                "type": 4,
                                "value": ["java.lang.Long", 33]
                              },
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "name",
                                "keyType": "NULL",
                                "type": 12,
                                "value": "秦梓淞"
                              },
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "sex",
                                "keyType": "NULL",
                                "type": 1,
                                "value": "男"
                              }
                            ]
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ]
            ]
          },
          "log_status": 0,
          "log_created": "2023-02-19 20:43:24",
          "log_modified": "2023-02-19 20:43:24",
          "ext": null
        },
        {
        
          "id": 4,
          "branch_id": 4666091171524669446,
          "xid": "192.168.31.82:8091:4666091171524669444",
          "context": "serializer=jackson",
          "rollback_info": {
        
            "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.BranchUndoLog",
            "xid": "192.168.31.82:8091:4666091171524669444",
            "branchId": 4666091171524669446,
            "sqlUndoLogs": [
              "java.util.ArrayList",
              [
                {
        
                  "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.undo.SQLUndoLog",
                  "sqlType": "INSERT",
                  "tableName": "person",
                  "beforeImage": {
        
                    "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords$EmptyTableRecords",
                    "tableName": "person",
                    "rows": ["java.util.ArrayList", []]
                  },
                  "afterImage": {
        
                    "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.TableRecords",
                    "tableName": "person",
                    "rows": [
                      "java.util.ArrayList",
                      [
                        {
        
                          "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Row",
                          "fields": [
                            "java.util.ArrayList",
                            [
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "id",
                                "keyType": "PRIMARY_KEY",
                                "type": 4,
                                "value": ["java.lang.Long", 5]
                              },
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "username",
                                "keyType": "NULL",
                                "type": 12,
                                "value": "秦梓淞"
                              },
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "address",
                                "keyType": "NULL",
                                "type": 12,
                                "value": "当铺"
                              },
                              {
        
                                "@class": "io.seata.rm.datasource.sql.struct.Field",
                                "name": "gender",
                                "keyType": "NULL",
                                "type": 12,
                                "value": "男"
                              }
                            ]
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ]
            ]
          },
          "log_status": 0,
          "log_created": "2023-02-19 20:43:24",
          "log_modified": "2023-02-19 20:43:24",
          "ext": null
        }
      ]
    }

### 六.常见问题 ###

#### 1.版本问题 ####

[版本说明][Link 1]

> openfeign：2.0.0.RELEASE  
> spring-cloud-alibaba：2.2.2.RELEASE  
> spring-boot：2.3.7.RELEASE

问题描述：

调用@FeignClient(“products”)注解下面的接口的时候报错。找不到这个类

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.netflix.config.CachedDynamicIntProperty

解决方法,添加这个依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.netflix.archaius</groupId>
        <artifactId>archaius-core</artifactId>
        <version>0.7.6</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

`官方推荐版本:`

![image-20230220122822367][]

`版本对应关系:`Spring Cloud alibaba 版本对应

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud alibaba 版本</th> 
   <th>Spring Cloud 版本</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Alibaba2.1.0RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Greenwich 版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Alibaba2.2.0RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.RELEASE 版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Alibaba2.2.1RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR3 版本</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### 2.@PathVariable ####

@PathVariable 注解中的属性值 value 不能为空，我们只写@PathVariable，那 value 属性是默认为 null 的。所以需要将@PathVariable String name 改成 @PathVariable(value=”name”) String name。此外，这个问题不会在 Controller 类上出现，但会在 Feign 接口上出现。也就是通常加了\*\*@FeignClient 注解的接口上\*\*。

@PathVariable(value=”name”) String name

#### 3.getForObject ####

@GetMapping(value = "/loadBalancerClient/{id}", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PROBLEM_JSON_VALUE)
      public Result loadBalancerClient(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        
          ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("nacos-server-producer");
          String url = String.format("http://%s:%s/user/%s", "nacos-server-producer", serviceInstance.getPort(), id);
          System.out.println("request url:" + url);
          return Result.ok(restTemplate.getForObject(url, Result.class));
      }

getForObject 第二个参数的含义是指返回值的类型.

#### 4.sentinel 的实时监控无数据 ####

主要是微服务和 sentinel 控制台之间网络不通,这个是最大可能的原因,可以查看 sentinel 控制台的日志文件,可以看出问题的原因.

解决的方案是:将微服务和 sentinel 控制台部署在同一台机器上,或者机器之间可以互相访问的服务器上

#### 5.seata 的版本是大坑 ####

**单体应用**

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.6</version>
        <relativePath/> 
    </parent>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
        <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0</version>
    </dependency>

**微服务中的配置**

<properties>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
      <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>
    
    
    <dependency>
          <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
    </dependency>

[image-20230117153826579]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/b269641b569844d7a24b0889433d9676.png
[image-20230117154030466]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/2731d71752a0432ba0a08d99fdbcb0e2.png
[image-20230117140100263]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/7f1514d567ff429b83d312c0697fa764.png
[image-20230117140239687]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/b70841cf04634297a18a631a86d444e5.png
[image-20230117160107960]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/61d746d10289475db54236c5c7069e83.png
[image-20230202225116088]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/13b0c21b1f2247d89031fe1a981482da.png
[image-20230202230429467]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/878a30dd8efa4693ab0ba549463c2801.png
[image-20230202230524364]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/5e23d494e55c4dcebbdde2c53363309c.png
[image-20230202230632534]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/ca67156c9c714937a6353bded1e286ea.png
[image-20230202231558608]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/1e6a48c748e243c4b3dda94bf709c50b.png
[image-20230202231823955]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/1d71ff396fa049c2b7758597333dc01b.png
[image-20230215134537788]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/23d66cb1d4b34ed4a353280840c8126f.png
[Sentinel]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Sentinel
[Sentinel 1]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81
[Dubbo]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%B5%81%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E7%9A%84%E9%80%82%E9%85%8D#dubbo
[Web Servlet Filter]: https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%B5%81%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E7%9A%84%E9%80%82%E9%85%8D#web-servlet
[image-20230219104106378]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/16442dbadfc64579afecb4cb15e87071.png
[image-20230219104427042]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/df83e272faef4ce4ad0291b61ef6ac31.png
[image-20230219114442652]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/5610b03bca874e699d1d522b1aa1bb11.png
[image-20230219120626015]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/e42441ca62bd4cbc955bd491171b9df2.png
[image-20230219120735200]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/88e908debbbc4d1eb93d8dcb15400029.png
[image-20230219120804516]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/aef6e22786c84b65bd5c286f4d54dade.png
[image-20230219133221186]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/48c4dfe7ad734fc1ad139b146c8d9cc2.png
[Link 1]: https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E
[image-20230220122822367]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/8eede93d6add4366829a1f1de54b2d2a.png