Qt第五十七章：双向绑定-装饰器版-按钮增强

爱被打了一巴掌 2024-03-25 20:32 19阅读 0赞

前言：watchpoints版的双向绑定会拖慢程序的运行效率。这里将采用装饰器的方式来实现。

我们这里示例：**增强pyside6的原生按钮。**

**目录**

一、定义实体类

二、按钮Ui

三、按钮逻辑

四、使用示例：

五、思考：双向绑定怎样避免死循环

--------------------

#### 一、定义实体类 ####

#### 二、按钮Ui ####

import os
    import platform
    
    from PySide6 import QtWidgets
    from PySide6.QtCore import Signal, QObject
    from PySide6.QtGui import QIcon
    from PySide6.QtWidgets import QVBoxLayout, QPushButton, QWidget, QApplication
    
    
    """
    初始化CSS文件位置
    """
    CSS_PATH = None
    if str(platform.system().lower()) == 'windows':
        path = __file__.replace(fr"\{os.path.basename(__file__)}", "").replace("\\\\", "\\")
        CSS_PATH = fr'{path}\button.css'
    elif str(platform.system().lower()) == 'linux':
        path = __file__.replace(fr"/{os.path.basename(__file__)}", "").replace("//", "/")
        CSS_PATH = fr'{path}/button.css'
    else:
        print(f"未知系统：{platform.system().lower()}")
    
    
    class ButtonUi(object):
        """
        User Interface
        """
    
        def setupUi(self, ButtonUi):
            if not ButtonUi.objectName():
                ButtonUi.setObjectName('Button')
    
            with open(CSS_PATH, "r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
                ButtonUi.setStyleSheet(f.read())
            ButtonUi.setWindowTitle("Button")
            ButtonUi.setWindowIcon(QIcon(':/icons/template_edit.png'))
            ButtonUi.resize(40, 30)
            # 隐藏标题栏
            ButtonUi.setWindowFlags(
                Qt.Window
                | Qt.FramelessWindowHint
                | Qt.WindowSystemMenuHint
                | Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint
                | Qt.WindowMaximizeButtonHint
            )
            # 设置整个窗体的透明度
            ButtonUi.setWindowOpacity(0.90)  # 设置窗体透明度
            # 设置隐藏背景
            ButtonUi.setAttribute(Qt.WA_TranslucentBackground)
            # 垂直布局
            self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
            # 设置边距为0
            self.layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
            ButtonUi.setLayout(self.layout)
            self._button = QPushButton()
    
            self._button.setSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding)
            self.layout.addWidget(self._button)

/*button.css*/
    
    /*按钮:按下*/
    QPushButton:pressed{
    	padding-left:5px;
    	padding-top:5px;
    }

#### 三、按钮逻辑 ####

from PySide6 import QtWidgets
    from PySide6.QtCore import Signal, QObject
    from PySide6.QtGui import QIcon
    from PySide6.QtWidgets import QVBoxLayout, QPushButton, QWidget, QApplication
    
    
    class Button(QWidget, ButtonUi):
        """
        Control
        """
        clicked: Signal = Signal(object)
    
        def __init__(self, buttonData: ButtonData, parent=None):
            super(Button, self).__init__(parent=parent)
            self.setupUi(self)
            self.data = buttonData
            self.__bind()
            # 将按钮的点击信号绑定到当前类的点击信号
            self._button.clicked.connect(lambda: self.clicked.emit(self.data.extend))
    
        def set_button_data(self, button_data: ButtonData):
            self.data = button_data
    
        def __bind(self):
            """
            数据绑定到控件属性
            """
            self.data.text_changed.connect(lambda text: self._button.setText(text))
            self.data.styleSheet_changed.connect(lambda text: self._button.setStyleSheet(text))
            """
            初始化设置
            """
            self._button.setText(self.data.text)
            self._button.setStyleSheet(self.data.styleSheet)

#### 四、使用示例： ####

if __name__ == '__main__':
        """
        Test Demo
        """
        app = QApplication([])
        button = Button(ButtonData(text="OK", extend={'id': 1}))
    
        button.clicked.connect(lambda extend: print("点击->扩展数据为：", extend))
        button.show()
        app.exec()

![920435cebae14185bc2e313300c41ea7.png][]

#### 五、思考：双向绑定怎样避免死循环 ####

![9836c25b8c7a4a6e83de9e6c96216ba9.png][]

#### 六、完整代码 ####

![8074753e79a74d768c67731d57ea4eb2.png][]

import os
    import platform
    
    from PySide6 import QtWidgets
    from PySide6.QtCore import Signal, QObject, Qt
    from PySide6.QtGui import QIcon
    from PySide6.QtWidgets import QVBoxLayout, QPushButton, QWidget, QApplication
    
    
    class ButtonData(QObject):
        """
        Data Model
        """
        text_changed: Signal = Signal(str)
        styleSheet_changed: Signal = Signal(str)
        extend_changed: Signal = Signal(object)
    
        def __init__(self, text: str = None, styleSheet: str = None, extend: object = None):
            super(ButtonData, self).__init__()
            # 定义数据
            self._text: str
            self._styleSheet: str
            # 可以存储一个附在按钮上的数据，比如按钮在表格中，我们可以很轻松的存储按钮所在行列信息和对象数据。
            self._extend: object
            # 初始化数据
            self.text = text
            self.styleSheet = styleSheet
            self.extend = extend
    
        @property
        def text(self):
            return self._text
    
        @text.setter
        def text(self, value):
            self._text = value
            # 数据改变时发出信号
            self.text_changed.emit(self.text)
    
        @property
        def styleSheet(self):
            return self._styleSheet
    
        @styleSheet.setter
        def styleSheet(self, value):
            self._styleSheet = value
            # 数据改变时发出信号
            self.styleSheet_changed.emit(self.styleSheet)
    
        @property
        def extend(self):
            return self._extend
    
        @extend.setter
        def extend(self, value):
            self._extend = value
            # 数据改变时发出信号
            self.extend_changed.emit(self.extend)
    
    
    """
    初始化CSS文件位置
    """
    CSS_PATH = None
    if str(platform.system().lower()) == 'windows':
        path = __file__.replace(fr"\{os.path.basename(__file__)}", "").replace("\\\\", "\\")
        CSS_PATH = fr'{path}\button.css'
    elif str(platform.system().lower()) == 'linux':
        path = __file__.replace(fr"/{os.path.basename(__file__)}", "").replace("//", "/")
        CSS_PATH = fr'{path}/button.css'
    else:
        print(f"未知系统：{platform.system().lower()}")
    
    
    class ButtonUi(object):
        """
        User Interface
        """
    
        def setupUi(self, window):
            if not window.objectName():
                window.setObjectName('Button')
    
            with open(CSS_PATH, "r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
                window.setStyleSheet(f.read())
            window.setWindowTitle("Button")
            window.setWindowIcon(QIcon(':/icons/template_edit.png'))
            window.resize(40, 30)
            # 隐藏标题栏
            window.setWindowFlags(
                Qt.Window
                | Qt.FramelessWindowHint
                | Qt.WindowSystemMenuHint
                | Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint
                | Qt.WindowMaximizeButtonHint
            )
            # 设置整个窗体的透明度
            window.setWindowOpacity(0.90)  # 设置窗体透明度
            # 设置隐藏背景
            window.setAttribute(Qt.WA_TranslucentBackground)
            # 垂直布局
            self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
            # 设置边距为0
            self.layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
            window.setLayout(self.layout)
            self._button = QPushButton()
    
            self._button.setSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding)
            self.layout.addWidget(self._button)
    
    
    class Button(QWidget, ButtonUi):
        """
        Control
        """
        clicked: Signal = Signal(object)
    
        def __init__(self, buttonData: ButtonData, parent=None):
            super(Button, self).__init__(parent=parent)
            self.setupUi(self)
            self.data = buttonData
            self.__bind()
            # 将按钮的点击信号绑定到当前类的点击信号
            self._button.clicked.connect(lambda: self.clicked.emit(self.data.extend))
    
        def __bind(self):
            """
            数据绑定到控件属性
            """
            self.data.text_changed.connect(lambda text: self._button.setText(text))
            self.data.styleSheet_changed.connect(lambda text: self._button.setStyleSheet(text))
            """
            初始化设置
            """
            self._button.setText(self.data.text)
            self._button.setStyleSheet(self.data.styleSheet)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        """
        Test Demo
        """
        app = QApplication([])
        button = Button(ButtonData(text="OK", extend={'id': 1}))
    
        button.clicked.connect(lambda extend: print("点击->扩展数据为：", extend))
        button.show()
        app.exec()

[920435cebae14185bc2e313300c41ea7.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/b8359a445c924e3cbd7aea61b5cd0276.png
[9836c25b8c7a4a6e83de9e6c96216ba9.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/2c3a354069fa4a80a0aedc682a8f3928.png
[8074753e79a74d768c67731d57ea4eb2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/ae6cfd8ad23443aab978b74215f91557.png