lock()与lockInterruptibly()

叁歲伎倆 2024-03-25 17:00 20阅读 0赞

ReentrantLock相关[源码][Link 1]：

public void lock() {
            sync.lock();
        }
     
        public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
            sync.acquireInterruptibly(1);
        }
       
     
        /**
         * Sync object for non-fair locks
         */
        static final class NonfairSync extends Sync {
            private static final long serialVersionUID = 7316153563782823691L;
     
            /**
             * Performs lock.  Try immediate barge, backing up to normal
             * acquire on failure.
             */
            final void lock() {
                if (compareAndSetState(0, 1))
                    setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
                else
                    acquire(1);
            }
     
            protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
                return nonfairTryAcquire(acquires);
            }
        }
     
        /**
         * Sync object for fair locks
         */
        static final class FairSync extends Sync {
            private static final long serialVersionUID = -3000897897090466540L;
     
            final void lock() {
                acquire(1);
            }
     
            /**
             * Fair version of tryAcquire.  Don't grant access unless
             * recursive call or no waiters or is first.
             */
            protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
                final Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                int c = getState();
                if (c == 0) {
                    if (!hasQueuedPredecessors() &&
                        compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) {
                        setExclusiveOwnerThread(current);
                        return true;
                    }
                }
                else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) {
                    int nextc = c + acquires;
                    if (nextc < 0)
                        throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded");
                    setState(nextc);
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        }

AbstractQueuedSynchronizer相关源码:

public final void acquire(int arg) {
            if (!tryAcquire(arg) &&
                acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg))
                selfInterrupt();
        }
     
        public final void acquireInterruptibly(int arg)
                throws InterruptedException {
            if (Thread.interrupted())
                throw new InterruptedException();
            if (!tryAcquire(arg))
                doAcquireInterruptibly(arg);
        }
     
     
        /**
         * Acquires in exclusive interruptible mode.
         * @param arg the acquire argument
         */
        private void doAcquireInterruptibly(int arg)
            throws InterruptedException {
            final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE);
            boolean failed = true;
            try {
                for (;;) {
                    final Node p = node.predecessor();
                    if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                        setHead(node);
                        p.next = null; // help GC
                        failed = false;
                        return;
                    }
                    if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                        parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                        throw new InterruptedException();
                }
            } finally {
                if (failed)
                    cancelAcquire(node);
            }
        }

通过上面源码可知：

**1. lock方法：**

lock获取锁过程中，忽略了中断，在成功获取锁之后，再根据中断标识处理中断，即selfInterrupt中断自己。 acquire操作源码如下：

public final void acquire(int arg) {  
        if (!tryAcquire(arg) &&  
            acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg))  
            selfInterrupt();  
        }
    }

acquireQueued，在for循环中无条件重试获取锁，直到成功获取锁，同时返回线程中断状态。该方法通过for循正常返回时，必定是成功获取到了锁。

/**
         * Acquires in exclusive uninterruptible mode for thread already in
         * queue. Used by condition wait methods as well as acquire.
         *
         * @param node the node
         * @param arg the acquire argument
         * @return {@code true} if interrupted while waiting
         */
        final boolean acquireQueued(final Node node, int arg) {
            boolean failed = true;
            try {
                boolean interrupted = false;
                for (;;) {
                    final Node p = node.predecessor();
                    if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                        setHead(node);
                        p.next = null; // help GC
                        failed = false;
                        return interrupted;
                    }
                    if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                        parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                        interrupted = true;
                }
            } finally {
                if (failed)
                    cancelAcquire(node);
            }
        }

**2 lockInterruptibly操作**

可中断加锁，即在锁获取过程中不处理中断状态，而是直接抛出中断异常，由上层调用者处理中断。源码细微差别在于锁获取这部分代码，这个方法与acquireQueue差别在于方法的返回途径有两种，一种是for循环结束，正常获取到锁；另一种是线程被唤醒后检测到中断请求，则立即抛出中断异常，该操作导致方法结束。

/**
         * Acquires in exclusive interruptible mode.
         * @param arg the acquire argument
         */
        private void doAcquireInterruptibly(int arg)
            throws InterruptedException {
            final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE);
            boolean failed = true;
            try {
                for (;;) {
                    final Node p = node.predecessor();
                    if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                        setHead(node);
                        p.next = null; // help GC
                        failed = false;
                        return;
                    }
                    if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                        parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                        throw new InterruptedException();
                }
            } finally {
                if (failed)
                    cancelAcquire(node);
            }
        }

结论：ReentrantLock的中断和非中断加锁模式的区别在于：线程尝试获取锁操作失败后，在等待过程中，如果该线程被其他线程中断了，它是如何响应中断请求的。

**lock方法会忽略中断请求，继续获取锁直到成功；而lockInterruptibly则直接抛出中断异常来立即响应中断，由上层调用者处理中断。**

那么，为什么要分为这两种模式呢？这两种加锁方式分别适用于什么场合呢？根据它们的实现语义来理解，我认为**lock()适用于锁获取操作不受中断影响的情况，此时可以忽略中断请求正常执行加锁操作**，因为该操作仅仅记录了中断状态（通过Thread.currentThread().interrupt()操作，只是恢复了中断状态为true，并没有对中断进行响应)。**如果要求被中断线程不能参与锁的竞争操作，则此时应该使用lockInterruptibly方法，一旦检测到中断请求，立即返回不再参与锁的竞争并且取消锁获取操作**（即finally中的cancelAcquire操作）

[Link 1]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020