Docker项目部署

小咪咪 2024-02-27 04:40 20阅读 0赞

**目录**

一、前端项目部署

1、上传文件

2、开启容器

3、测试

二、后端项目部署

1、打包java项目

2、将jar包和Dockerfile文件长传到Linux系统

3、构建镜像

4、开启容器

5、测试

三、DockerCompose快速部署

基本语法

--------------------

#### 一、前端项目部署 ####

##### 1、上传文件 #####

![01589f31f7444ea99640f864548f6e43.png][]

里面包括页面和配置文件

![07d130fd6f7a49ed9ad84ba7cff84693.png][]

worker_processes  1;
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/json;
    
        sendfile        on;
        
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        server {
            listen       18080;
            # 指定前端项目所在的位置
            location / {
                root /usr/share/nginx/html/hmall-portal;
            }
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
            location /api {
                rewrite /api/(.*)  /$1 break;
                 # hhjava应用容器名
                proxy_pass http://hh:8080;
            }
        }
        server {
            listen       18081;
            # 指定前端项目所在的位置
            location / {
                root /usr/share/nginx/html/hmall-admin;
            }
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
            location /api {
                rewrite /api/(.*)  /$1 break;
                proxy_pass http://hh:8080;
            }
        }
    }

##### 2、开启容器 #####

> docker run -d \\  
> \--name nginx \\ \#容器名称  
> \-p 18080:18080 \\ \#映射端口  
> \-p 18081:18081 \\  
> \-v /root/nginx/html:/etc/nginx/html \\ \#自定义挂载数据卷  
> \-v /root/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \\ \#挂载配置文件  
> \--network demo \\ \#网络这里用的自定义网络  
> nginx \#镜像

##### 3、测试 #####

#### 二、后端项目部署 ####

##### 1、打包java项目 #####

##### 2、将jar包和Dockerfile文件长传到Linux系统 #####

![92c209e0bcd1408dba15c9123b0aee3d.png][]

##### 3、构建镜像 #####

> docker build -t test .

![2803cb2fb349490f845ae588f8a12fb5.png][]

##### 4、开启容器 #####

> docker run -d --name hh -p 8080:8080 --network demo test
> 
> docker run -d 后台启动并运行
> 
> \--name hh 名称
> 
> \-p 8080:8080 端口
> 
> \--network demo 网络
> 
> test 镜像

查看日志，成功运行

![652e5319eea24bc194c51b21073f045b.png][]

注意：要确保mysql的ip和程序设置的ip在一个频段

mysql的ip：docker inspect mysql

![5e427b84917c4c21a57b7a41a3b5c980.png][]

程序设置的ip：docker inspect hh

![ad6acea382ac4253b0bc34fbcb76c81f.png][]

##### 5、测试 #####

![98a5d5cd934440748b32dc2a1f2eab97.png][]

#### 三、DockerCompose**快速部署** ####

手动部署项目太麻烦了，而Docker Compose就可以帮助我们实现**多个相互关联的Docker容器的快速部署**。它允许用户通过一个单独的 docker-compose.yml 模板文件（YAML 格式）来定义一组相关联的应用容器。

docker-compose.yml文件的基本语法可以参考官方文档：

[Compose file version 3 reference | Docker Docs][Compose file version 3 reference _ Docker Docs]

docker-compose文件中可以定义多个相互关联的应用容器，每一个应用容器被称为一个服务（service）。由于service就是在定义某个应用的运行时参数，因此与`docker run`参数非常相似。

举例来说，用docker run部署MySQL的命令如下：

docker run -d \
      --name mysql \
      -p 3306:3306 \
      -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
      -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123 \
      -v ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
      -v ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
      -v ./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d \
      --network hmall
      mysql

如果用`docker-compose.yml`文件来定义，就是这样：

参数说明：

<table> 
 <thead> 
 <tr> 
 <th colspan="1"> docker run 参数 </th> 
 <th colspan="1"> docker compose 指令 </th> 
 <th colspan="1"> 说明 </th> 
 </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> --name </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> container_name </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 容器名称 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> -p </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> ports </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 端口映射 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> -e </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> environment </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 环境变量 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> -v </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> volumes </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 数据卷配置 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> --network </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> networks </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 网络 </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

如图所示：![22821d8c1a1949f59e9e1cbd0614f38e.png][]

编写好docker-compose.yml文件，就可以部署项目了。常见的命令：

[Overview of docker compose CLI | Docker Docs][Overview of docker compose CLI _ Docker Docs]

##### 基本语法 #####

docker compose [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]

<table> 
 <thead> 
 <tr> 
 <th colspan="1"> 类型 </th> 
 <th colspan="1"> 参数或指令 </th> 
 <th colspan="1"> 说明 </th> 
 </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> Options </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> -f </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 指定compose文件的路径和名称 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> -p </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 指定project名称。project就是当前compose文件中设置的多个service的集合，是逻辑概念 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> Commands </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> up </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 创建并启动所有service容器 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> down </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 停止并移除所有容器、网络 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> ps </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 列出所有启动的容器 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> logs </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 查看指定容器的日志 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> stop </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 停止容器 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> start </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 启动容器 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> restart </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 重启容器 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> top </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 查看运行的进程 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> exec </td> 
 <td colspan="1"> 在指定的运行中容器中执行命令 </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

docker-compose.yml文件示例：

version: "3.8"
    
    services:
      mysql:
        image: mysql
        container_name: mysql
        ports:
          - "3306:3306"
        environment:
          TZ: Asia/Shanghai
          MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123
        volumes:
          - "./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d"
          - "./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql"
          - "./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d"
        networks:
          - hm-net
      hmall:
        build: 
          context: .
          dockerfile: Dockerfile
        container_name: hmall
        ports:
          - "8080:8080"
        networks:
          - hm-net
        depends_on:
          - mysql
      nginx:
        image: nginx
        container_name: nginx
        ports:
          - "18080:18080"
          - "18081:18081"
        volumes:
          - "./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
          - "./nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html"
        depends_on:
          - hmall
        networks:
          - hm-net
    networks:
      hm-net:
        name: hmall

示例：

# 1.进入root目录
    cd /root
    
    # 2.删除旧容器
    docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)
    
    # 3.删除hmall镜像
    docker rmi hmall
    
    # 4.清空MySQL数据
    rm -rf mysql/data
    
    # 5.启动所有, -d 参数是后台启动
    docker compose up -d
    # 结果：
    [+] Building 15.5s (8/8) FINISHED
     => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                    0.0s
     => => transferring dockerfile: 358B                                                    0.0s
     => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                       0.0s
     => => transferring context: 2B                                                         0.0s
     => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster             15.4s
     => [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:11.0-jre-buster@sha256:3546a17e6fb4ff4fa681c3  0.0s
     => [internal] load build context                                                       0.0s
     => => transferring context: 98B                                                        0.0s
     => CACHED [2/3] RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo   0.0s
     => CACHED [3/3] COPY hm-service.jar /app.jar                                           0.0s
     => exporting to image                                                                  0.0s
     => => exporting layers                                                                 0.0s
     => => writing image sha256:32eebee16acde22550232f2eb80c69d2ce813ed099640e4cfed2193f71  0.0s
     => => naming to docker.io/library/root-hmall                                           0.0s
    [+] Running 4/4
     ✔ Network hmall    Created                                                             0.2s
     ✔ Container mysql  Started                                                             0.5s
     ✔ Container hmall  Started                                                             0.9s
     ✔ Container nginx  Started                                                             1.5s
    
    # 6.查看镜像
    docker compose images
    # 结果
    CONTAINER           REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            SIZE
    hmall               root-hmall          latest              32eebee16acd        362MB
    mysql               mysql               latest              3218b38490ce        516MB
    nginx               nginx               latest              605c77e624dd        141MB
    
    # 7.查看容器
    docker compose ps
    # 结果
    NAME                IMAGE               COMMAND                  SERVICE             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS
    hmall               root-hmall          "java -jar /app.jar"     hmall               54 seconds ago      Up 52 seconds       0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp
    mysql               mysql               "docker-entrypoint.s…"   mysql               54 seconds ago      Up 53 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp
    nginx               nginx               "/docker-entrypoint.…"   nginx               54 seconds ago      Up 52 seconds       80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18080-18081->18080-18081/tcp, :::18080-18081->18080-18081/tcp

[01589f31f7444ea99640f864548f6e43.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/ce87a499683c40aa8fc4a6c8577448f3.png
[07d130fd6f7a49ed9ad84ba7cff84693.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/6c38bf675e6e449e9b4eb985a9cc2dfb.png
[92c209e0bcd1408dba15c9123b0aee3d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/16965b77c7ab4110be7f9efc22987127.png
[2803cb2fb349490f845ae588f8a12fb5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/52484dbc666a4894b225586b6850b02f.png
[652e5319eea24bc194c51b21073f045b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/1f9e85686a6d4f438b87fd73f08d0523.png
[5e427b84917c4c21a57b7a41a3b5c980.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/d60781f550694b78a87cb895bacdacb0.png
[ad6acea382ac4253b0bc34fbcb76c81f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/986ec727c0ef4b5c9ae4071f845bf73d.png
[98a5d5cd934440748b32dc2a1f2eab97.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/5b810410dc504e4aa9d24a649cf79024.png
[Compose file version 3 reference _ Docker Docs]: https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/compose-file-v3/
[22821d8c1a1949f59e9e1cbd0614f38e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/27/af4d4c9b0f204fdcb0312c9869c8b3e2.png
[Overview of docker compose CLI _ Docker Docs]: https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/