Sping（6）SSH开发

悠悠 2024-02-17 21:53 29阅读 0赞

## 1.SSH开发完整配置流程 ##

1.  **引入sprng开发包**（http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bpgq28f）
2.  编写ApplicationContext.xml文件（或者beans.xml）凡在src目录下  
    **需要的dtd头：**  
    
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        		xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        		xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        		xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
        				http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
        </beans>
3.  **加入Hibernate开发包**（http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvx7cQt）
4.  因为是ssh，所以Hibernate的核心，就被spring接管了（hibernate.cfg.xml文件、\*.hbm.xml文件、SessionFactory在spring的文件中配置即可）
5.  在ApplicationContext.xml文件中配置数据源  
    
    
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        	<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
        	<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"/>
        	<property name="username" value="scott"/>
        	<property name="password" value="tiger"/>
        	
        	<property name="initialSize" value="3"/>
        	
        	<property name="maxActive" value="500"/>
        	
        	<property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>
        	
        	<property name="minIdle" value="1"/>
        </bean>
6.  配置SessionFactory对象  
    
    
        
        <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        	
        	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        	
        	<property name="mappingResources">
        		<list>
        			<value>com/test/domain/Employee.hbm.xml</value>
        		</list>
        	</property>
        	<property name="hibernateProperties">
        		<value>
        			hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect
        			hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
        			hibernate.show_sql=false
        			hibernate.format_sql=true
        		</value>
        	</property>
        </bean>
7.  编写domain对象**Employee.java**和对象映射文件**Employee.hbm.xml**  
    
    
        public class Employee {
        	private Integer id;
        	private String name;
        	private String email;
        	private Date hiredate;
        	private Float salary;
        }
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
        
        <hibernate-mapping package="com.test.domain">
           <class name="Employee" table="employee">
        		
        		<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
        			<generator class="native"/>
        		</id>
        		<property name="email" type="java.lang.String">
        			<column name="email" length="64"></column>
        		</property>
        		<property name="hiredate" type="java.util.Date">
        			<column name="hiredate"></column>
        		</property>
        		<property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
        			<column name="name" length="64"></column>
        		</property>
        		<property name="salary" type="java.lang.Float">
        			<column name="salary"></column>
        		</property>
           </class>
        </hibernate-mapping>
8.  使用事务管理器统一管理事务  
    **添加Employee的service类和service接口**  
    
    
        // ---------EmployeeServiceInter接口类---------------
        public interface EmployeeServiceInter {
        	
        	public void addEmployee(Employee e);
        	
        	public void updEmployee(Employee e);
        	
        	public void delEmployee(java.io.Serializable id);
        
        
        	public List<Employee> showEmployee();
        }
        // ---------EmployeeService实现类---------------
        /* 这里配置@Transactional，用处是让spring的事务管理器接管该service的事务 
        * 该注解可以加到class上；也可以加到method上（这种情况，只管理某一个方法）。 
        * */
        @Transactional
        public class EmployeeService implements EmployeeServiceInter {
        	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
        	public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        		this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
        	}
        	@Override
        	public void addEmployee(Employee e) {
        		// Session s = sessionFactory.openSession();
        		// Transaction ts = s.beginTransaction();
        		// s.save(e);
        		// ts.commit();
        		// 配置事务管理器后才能这样简写
        		sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(e);
        	}
        	@Override
        	public void updEmployee(Employee e) {
        		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        	}
        	@Override
        	public void delEmployee(Serializable id) {
        		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        	}
        	@Override
        	public List<Employee> showEmployee() {
        		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        		return null;
        	}
        }
9.  使用事务管理器统一管理事务  
    **配置applicationContext.xml文件（省略了对service实现类的配置）**
    
        
        <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
10. 配置Hibernate的二级缓存( **配置会话工厂 时的一个property中添加**)  
    添加二级缓存开发包；并将ehcache的配置文件放到src目录下
    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
        	<value>
        		hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect
        		hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
        		hibernate.show_sql=true
        		hibernate.format_sql=true
        		
        		hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true
        		hibernate.cache.provider_class=org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
        		hibernate.generate_statistics=true
        	</value>
        </property>
11. **引入Structs开发包（http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hsut1Yk）**
12. 创建structs-config.xml文件，放在/WEB-INF目录下  
    **需要的dtd头：**  
    
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
        
        <struts-config>
        
        </struts-config>
13. 配置structs-config.xml文件  
    **创建login.jsp和mainFrame.jsp文件**  
    
    
        <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
        <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
        <html>
          <head>
            <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
          </head>
          
          <body>
            <h1>管理员登录</h1>
            <form action="/myssh/login.do?flag=login" method="post">
            <table>
            	<tr><td>id:</td><td><input type="text" name="id"></td></tr>
            	<tr><td>pw:</td><td><input type="password" name="pwd"></td></tr>
            	<tr><td><input type="submit" value="登录"></td><td><input type="reset" value="重新填写"></td></tr>
            </table>
            </form>
          </body>
        </html>
        
        
        <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
        
        <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
        <html>
          <head>
            <title>My JSP 'mainFrame.jsp' starting page</title>
          </head>
          
          <body>
            <h2>请选择您的操作</h2><br>
            <a href="">添加雇员</a><br>
            <a href="">显示雇员</a><br>
            <a href="">查询雇员</a><br>
            <a href="">退出系统</a><br>
            
          </body>
        </html>
    
    **创建EmployeeForm和LoginAction文件：**  
    
    
        public class EmployeeForm extends ActionForm {
        	private String id;
        	private String pwd;
        }
        // ---------------------------------------------------
        public class LoginAction extends DispatchAction {
        
        
        	public ActionForward login(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
        			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        			throws Exception {
        		EmployeeForm employeeForm = (EmployeeForm) form;
        		
        		if(employeeForm.getPwd().equals("123")) {
        			return mapping.findForward("ok");
        		} else {
        			return mapping.findForward("err");
        		}
        	}
        }
    
    **配置structs-config.xml文件**  
    
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
        
        <struts-config>
        	<form-beans>
        		<form-bean name="employeeForm" type="com.test.web.forms.EmployeeForm"/>
        	</form-beans>
        	
        	<action-mappings>
        		<action path="/login" parameter="flag" name="employeeForm" type="com.test.web.action.LoginAction">
        			<forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/mainFrame.jsp"/>
        			<forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/login.jsp"/>
        		</action>
        	</action-mappings>
        </struts-config>
14. **在web容器web.xml中配置spring**  
    当我们的**tomcat在启动**的时候，**就会实例化spring容器**（ApplicationContext.xml文件）  
    
    
        
          <context-param>
          	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          	<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
          </context-param>
          
          <listener>
          	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
          </listener>
    
    在需要的地方可以通过下面的方式**取出spring容器（Action没有交给spring管理的情况下，要先获取spring容器，再获得serviceInter接口的bean）**  
    
    
        // 通过下面语句，可以直接获取spring容器实例，即前面提到的ApplicationContext
        WebApplicationContext wac= WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.getServlet().getServletContext());
        // 从spring容器中获取bean
        EmployeeServiceInter esi = (EmployeeServiceInter) wac.getBean("employeeService");
15. **让spring接管我们的struts（也就是Action控件）**  
    通过这种方式，可以通过接口**达到层间解耦合的目的**；同时，**也可以解决action是单例的问题（prototype模式下）**。  
    把action交给spring管理后，我们可以使用依赖注入，在action中注入业务层的bean。**确保action的path属性值（***structs-config.xml文件action-mappings下action元素的path***）与bean的名称相同  
    在structs-config.xml文件中的配置**  
    
    
        
        <controller>
        	<set-property property="processorClass" value="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor"/>
        </controller>
    
    **在ApplicationContext.xml文件中配置action路径**  
    
    
        
        <bean name="/login" scope="prototype" class="com.test.web.action.LoginAction">
        	<property name="employeeServiceInter" ref="employeeService"/>
        </bean>
    
    与此同时，**structs-config.xml文件中，下面的配置type可以去掉**  
    
    
        <action-mappings>
        	<action path="/login" parameter="flag" name="employeeForm" type="com.test.web.action.LoginAction">
        		<forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/mainFrame.jsp"/>
        		<forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/login.jsp"/>
        	</action>
        </action-mappings>
        
        <action-mappings>
        	<action path="/login" parameter="flag" name="employeeForm">
        		<forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/mainFrame.jsp"/>
        		<forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/login.jsp"/>
        	</action>
        </action-mappings>
    
    **对LoginAction进行相应改动：**（此时，将LoginAction当作一个bean来处理，可以直接获取serviceInter接口的bean，进行验证工作）  
    
    
        public class LoginAction extends DispatchAction {
        
        	EmployeeServiceInter employeeServiceInter;
        	
        	public void setEmployeeServiceInter(EmployeeServiceInter employeeServiceInter) {
        		this.employeeServiceInter = employeeServiceInter;
        	}
        
        	public ActionForward login(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
        			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        			throws Exception {
        		EmployeeForm employeeForm = (EmployeeForm) form;
        		// 构建一个Employee对象
        		Employee e = new Employee();
        		e.setId(Integer.parseInt(employeeForm.getId()));
        		e.setPwd(employeeForm.getPwd());
        		
        		
        		System.out.println(employeeForm.getId() + " " + employeeForm.getPwd());
        		
        		e = employeeServiceInter.checkEmployee(e);
        		
        		if(e!=null) {
        			// 把雇员信息放入session
        			request.getSession().setAttribute("loginuser", e);
        			
        			return mapping.findForward("ok");
        		} else {
        			return mapping.findForward("err");
        		}
        	}
        }
16. **解决中文乱码问题  
    ①**自己配置过滤器  
    
    
        public class MyFilter extends HttpServlet implements Filter {
        	@Override
        	public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
        			FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
        		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        		arg0.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        		arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
        	}
        	@Override
        	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
        		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        	}
        }
    
    **web.xml文件中配置：**  
    
    
        
          <filter>
          	<filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
          	<filter-class>com.test.web.filter.MyFilter</filter-class>
          </filter>
          <filter-mapping>
          	<filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
          	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
          </filter-mapping>
    
    ②使用spring框架提供的处理中文乱码的过滤器（直接在web.xml文件中配置）  
    
    
        
          <filter>
          	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
          	<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
          	<init-param>
          		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
          		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
          	</init-param>
          </filter>
          <filter-mapping>
          	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
          	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
          </filter-mapping>
17. **spring可以通过启用注解的方式来配置属性  
    首先在ApplicationContext.xml文间中启用注解扫描：**  
    
    
        
        <context:annotation-config/>
    
    **bean的配置方式可以这样：**  
    
    
        
        
        
        <bean id="employeeService" class="com.test.service.imp.EmployeeService"/>
    
    **在EmployeeService的java类中对相应属性进行设置**  
    
    
        // 当我们给某个属性增加了@Resource后，spring就会启动byName的方式注入属性值sessionFactory
        @Resource
        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
18. **解决懒加载问题（同样，有前面提到的三种方案）**  
    不管使用明确初始化的方式，还是配置对象映射文件的lazy=false方式，都会增加性能消耗。  
    **Spring专门提供了opensessioninview的方法来解决懒加载问题**，只需要在web.xml文件中添加如下配置：  
    
    
        
          <filter>
          	<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
          	<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
          	<init-param>
          		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
          		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
          	</init-param>
          </filter>
          <filter-mapping>
          	<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
          	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
          </filter-mapping>
    
      
      
    
19.

## 2 引入jQuery库（官网下载即可） ##

**放在WebRoot下的js文件夹中**

在jsp页面这样引入

$(document).ready(function() {
    	window.alert("ok");
    });---这里（my.js）测试用，只有当dom准备好后，才会执行function内的代码
     $(document).ready(function() {
    //	window.alert("ok");
    	
    	// 和class为delid的控件
    	$(".delid").click(function () {
    		return window.confirm("你确定删除该雇员吗？");
    	});
    	
     });

## 3 Hibernate启用默认值(建表时的默认值) ##

在\*.hbm.xml文件中添加： **dynamic-insert="true"**

<hibernate-mapping>
        <class name="com.xiaonei.domain.Users" table="users" dynamic-insert="true" catalog="xiaonei">
            <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
                <column name="id" />
                <generator class="increment" />
            </id>
            <property name="locked" type="java.lang.Short">
                <column name="locked" />
            </property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

## 4 解决中文乱码问题（包括以下几点） ##

4.1 保证MySQL数据库创建user表的编码（show create table users; 命令显示的最后一行）和程序中（applictionContext.xml中关于数据源dataSource的配置）去连接数据库的码表一样。

4.2 在ssh框架，要配置过滤器，解决乱码 **（不进行这一项配置，进入数据库后，数据仍然是乱码）**  
\*\*\*\*参考本博客上面第一部分内容\*\*\*\*