java-使用 freemarker 替换 jstl EL 开发 springmvc web项目

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2024-02-17 20:44 3阅读 0赞

java-使用 freemarker 替换 jstl EL 开发 springmvc web项目  
  
  
freemarker 是一款模板引擎，不限于 web 中，但与 springmvc 结合可以替换 jstl 的功能，且更加灵活。  
资源：  
freemarker 官网：http://freemarker.org/  
官网提供了中文的手册可以下载到本地看：  
https://sourceforge.net/projects/freemarker/files/chinese-manual/  
  
  
目标：  
借助springmvc 中 controller 向页面传值的模式，利用 freemarker 对页面进行填充  
借助 org.springframework.ui.Model 对象或 Map 对象将信息传到 springmvc 的页面中  
  
  
需要：  
1.freemarker 组件  
2.springmvc 组件  
  
  
1.创建项目名称为 “mavers-web” 的maven web项目,添加 maven 添加依赖：

<properties>
    	
    	<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    	<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    	
    	<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
    	<org.springframework.version>4.3.7.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
      </properties>
      <dependencies>
    	
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    	<dependency>
    	    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    	    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    	    <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    	</dependency>    
        
    	<dependency>
    	    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    	    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    	    <version>1.2</version>
    	</dependency>
    	
    	<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
    		<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
    		<version>2.3.26-incubating</version>
    	</dependency>
      </dependencies>

2.配置 spring 和 freemarker（需要配置三个xml）  
  
  
2.1 web.xml 配置

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
     "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
     "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    <web-app>
    	<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    	<listener>
    		
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
         </listener>
    	<context-param>
    	 	 
    	    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        	<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
    	</context-param>
    	
    	<servlet>  
    	    <servlet-name>demoServlet</servlet-name>  
    	    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
    	    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    	</servlet>  
    	<servlet-mapping>  
    	    <servlet-name>demoServlet</servlet-name>
    	    
    	    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    	</servlet-mapping>	
    	<welcome-file-list>
    		<welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
    	</welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

2.2 demoServlet-servlet.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
    
    
    	<mvc:annotation-driven /> 
    	
    	<mvc:resources location="/content/" mapping="/content/**"/>
    	
    	<context:component-scan base-package="demo.mvc"></context:component-scan>
    		
    </beans>

2.3 applicationContext.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
           
    	
    	<bean id="springmvcViewResolver"
    		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    		
    		<property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>
    		
    		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    		
    		<property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></property>
    		
    		<property name="order" value="1"/>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean id="freeMarkerViewResolver"
    		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
    		<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>  
    		<property name="cache" value="false" />
    		
    		<property name="prefix" value="" />
    		
    		<property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
    		
    		<property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></property>
    		
    		<property name="order" value="0"/>
    	</bean>
    		
    	
    	<bean id="freemarkerConfig"
    		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
    		
    		<property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/views/"/>
            <property name="freemarkerVariables">    
                <map>    
                    <entry key="xml_escape" value-ref="fmXmlEscape" />    
                </map>    
            </property> 
            <property name="defaultEncoding">    
                <value>utf-8</value>    
            </property>
    		
    		<property name="freemarkerSettings">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="template_update_delay">0</prop>
    				<prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
    				<prop key="number_format">0.##########</prop>
    				<prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
    				<prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>
    				<prop key="template_exception_handler">ignore</prop>
    				
                    <prop key="template_update_delay">3600</prop>    
    			</props>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    	<bean id="fmXmlEscape" class="freemarker.template.utility.XmlEscape"/>
    </beans>

3.创建演示用的 controller ， HelloController.java

package demo.mvc.controllers;
    
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    
    import demo.models.hello.UserInfoModel;
    
    
    /** 
    *
    */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public class HelloController {
    	/**
    	 * 请求地址：项目名/hello/userinfo
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("freemarker")
    	public String freemarker(org.springframework.ui.Model model,Map<String, Object> map){
    		//传递一个值
    		model.addAttribute("val_name","张三");
    		model.addAttribute("cur_time",new Date());
    		
    		//传递单个对象
    		UserInfoModel info = new UserInfoModel("张三",99,"男");
    		model.addAttribute("info",info);		
    		
    		List<UserInfoModel> list = new ArrayList<UserInfoModel>();
    		list.add(new UserInfoModel("李四",20,"男"));
    		list.add(new UserInfoModel("王五",21,"女"));
    		list.add(new UserInfoModel("赵六",22,"男"));
    		
    		//传递多个对象
    		map.put("user_list", list);
    		
    		return "hello/freemarker"; //servlet.xml 中定义的 前缀（prefix）+返回值+后缀（suffix）拼接的物理地址
    	}
    }

4.创建 freemarker 模板  
三个模板：  
freemarker.ftl 主模板  
freemarker-header.ftl 页头模板  
freemarker-footer.ftl 页脚模板  
  
  
4.1 freemarker.ftl 主模板,内容

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    	<script scr="/content/index.js"></script>
    	<link href="/content/index.css"/>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<h3>freemarker演示</h3>
    	<h4>一、传递一个值</h4>
    	<div>姓名：${val_name}</div>
    	<div>当前时间：${cur_time?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzzz")}</div>
    	
    	<h4>二、传递一个对象</h4>
    	<div>name：${info.name}</div>
    	<div>age：${info.age}</div>
    	<div>sex：${info.sex}</div>
    	<div>当前时间：${info.date?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzzz")}</div>
    	
    	<h4>三、传递一个 list 对象</h4>
    	<table border="1">
    		<tr>
    			<td>name</td>
    			<td>age</td>
    			<td>sex</td>
    			<td>date</td>
    		</tr>
    	<#list user_list as p>
    		<tr>
    			<td>${p.name}</td>
    			<td>${p.age}</td>
    			<td>${p.sex}</td>
    			<td>${info.date?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzzz")}</td>
    		</tr>      
        </#list>
        </table>
    	<h4>四、引用其它 ftl 文件：引用路径是以配置文件中（xxx.xml） templateLoaderPath 配置为基础目录开始的！</h4>
    	<div>
    		<div><#include "/hello/freemarker-header.ftl"></div>
    		<div>这里是内容</div>
    		<div><#include "/hello/freemarker-footer.ftl"></div>
    	</div>
        
    </body>
    </html>

4.2 freemarker-header.ftl 页头模板,内容

4.3 freemarker-footer.ftl 页脚模板,内容

5.请求测试，部署到 tomcat 后  
访问：http://localhost:8080/mavens-web/hello/freemarker 查看效果