Creating dll for executing external procedure('c' language)", version Version 8i

冷不防 2024-02-17 20:30 15阅读 0赞

***You Asked*** (Jump to Tom's latest followup)

Hi Tom,
          I am using Wint NT,Oracle 8i(server) and C language.
          My goal is calling 'c' routine thru stored procedure.
          For that I had made neccesary steps.I had modified Tnsnames and listener 
    entry as follows.
    
          Tnsnames entry
    ------------------------
    extproc_connection_data = 
       (DESCRIPTION = 
           (ADDRESS = 
              (PROTOCOL=IPC) 
          (KEY=extproc_key) )
          (CONNECT_DATA = 
              (SID = extproc_agent)
         ) 
    
    
    Listener entry
    -------------------
    EXTERNAL_PROCEDURE_LISTENER = 
    
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=ipc)
                   (KEY=extproc_key)
         )
    )
    
    SID_LIST_EXTERNAL_PROCEDURE_LISTENER =
    
    (SID_LIST =
         (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME=extproc_agent)
                     (ORACLE_HOME=d:/oracle8i)
                     (PROGRAM=extproc)
          )
    )
    
    Then I want to create the dll.Here I have a doubt how to use the dll.Any my 'C' 
    routine is
    /*This program will gives square the number*/
    /*square.c*/
    #include <stdio.h>
    main(int argc,char *argv[])
    {
      int no;
      no = argv[1];
      return no*no;
    }
    My next question is "Would I need to include any OCI statements inside of 'C' 
    routines?".If say yes,Please tell me how to I do it?.

***and we said...***

You do not create a DDL with a main.  You create an EXE with a main.
    
    You do not *need* to have OCI in your extproc.  Many (most) do however -- to 
    handle errors and such.
    
    Look in $ORACLE_HOME/plsql/demo for ext*.*.  There is a full example of an 
    extproc routine there including the C code for you to review.
    
    It is recommended to test the installation of external procedures with the 
    demonstration programs.  The reason for this is twofold
    
    ƒá Oracle support is aware of and can help setup/configure the demonstration 
    program.  If we work with an example they know about ¡V we¡¦ll be able to 
    resolve any issues that much faster
    
    ƒá The supplied demonstration program will illustrate the correct approach for 
    compiling and linking on your platform
    
    The demonstration program is found in your $ORACLE_HOME/plsql/demo directory on 
    all releases of Oracle8i.  The steps we should follow to make the demonstration 
    are:
    
    Compile the extproc.c code into a DLL or .so/.sl/.a file.  
    
    The process for doing that on NT is to simply cd to the ORACLE_HOME/plsql/demo 
    directory and type make (they have supplied a Make.BAT file in that directory):
    
    C:/oracle/plsql/demo>make
    Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 10.00.5270 for 80x86
    Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1984-1995. All rights reserved.
    
    extproc.c
    Microsoft (R) 32-Bit Incremental Linker Version 3.00.5270
    Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1992-1995. All rights reserved.
    
    /out:extproc.dll
    /dll
    /implib:extproc.lib
    /debug
    ../../oci/lib/msvc/oci.lib
    msvcrt.lib
    /nod:libcmt
    /DLL
    /EXPORT:UpdateSalary
    /EXPORT:PercentComm
    /EXPORT:PercentComm_ByRef
    /EXPORT:EmpExp
    /EXPORT:CheckEmpName
    /EXPORT:LobDemo
    extproc.obj
    C:/oracle/plsql/demo>
    
    In Unix, you will do much the same but the command to compile is different.  
    There it will look like:
    
    
    $ make -f demo_plsql.mk extproc.so
    /usr/ccs/bin/make -f /export/home/ora816/rdbms/demo/demo_rdbms.mk 
    extproc_callback SHARED_LIBNAME=extproc.so OBJS="extproc.o"
    ¡K..
    
    After that command completes, you will have a .DLL file on NT or a .so/.sl/.a 
    file on Unix (extension depends on platform.  For example, Solaris is .so, HP/UX 
    will be .sl).
    
    Set up the scott/tiger account
    
    For this demonstration program to work correct, we will need a scott/tiger demo 
    account.  If your database does not have a scott/tiger account, you can set one 
    up by issuing:
    
       SQL> grant connect, resource to scott identified by tiger;
    
    That will create the scott user and give it the ability to connect to the 
    database and create objects like tables and packages.  You will most like want 
    to assign this use a default tablespace other then SYSTEM and a temporary 
    tablespace as well.  
    
    Given that we have the scott/tiger account, we must provide it with one 
    additional grant before proceeding.  The SCOTT user will need the ¡§CREATE 
    LIBRARY¡¨ privilege.  This privilege will allow SCOTT to issue the create 
    library statement needed for external procedures (more on that in a moment).  As 
    this is a fairly powerful privilege ¡V you will want to consider revoking it 
    from SCOTT after running the example.  To accomplish this you will:
    
       SQL> grant create library to SCOTT;
    
    When connected as someone who has the CREATE LIBRARY privilege with the ADMIN 
    option themselves (eg: SYSTEM or some DBA account).
    
    Lastly, you will want to ensure the EMP/DEPT demo tables are in the scott schema 
    and populated with data.  You can verify this via:
    
    SQL> select count(*) from emp;
    
      COUNT(*)
    ----------
            14
    
    SQL> select count(*) from dept;
    
      COUNT(*)
    ----------
             4
    
    If these tables do not exist or do not have any data ¡V you can rebuild them by 
    executing demodrop.sql (to remove them) and demobld.sql (to create and populate 
    them).  These scripts are found in $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/demo and are meant to be 
    executed via sqlplus when logged in as SCOTT.
    
    Create the demolib LIBRARY
    
    The next step in the demonstration is to create the library object in Oracle.  
    This object is simply a mapping of a library name (some 30 character name you 
    choose) to a physical operating system file.  This OS file is your compiled 
    binary we made in the first step.  The user who issues the create library 
    statement must have the CREATE LIBRARY privilege granted to them either via a 
    ROLE or directly.  This privilege is considered a fairly powerful one and should 
    be given out only to those accounts you trust with the privilege.  It will allow 
    them to execute any arbitrary C code they wish on your server machine using the 
    account the extproc service executes with.  This is one of the reasons you would 
    want to configure the extproc service to execute under some account other then 
    the Oracle software owner (to avoid the inadvertent or malicious overwriting of 
    your System tablespace for example).
    
    In order to accomplish this step, you use SQLPlus and execute:
    
    SQL> connect scott/tiger
    Connected.
    SQL> create or replace library demolib as 'c:/oracle/plsql/demo/extproc.dll';
      2  /
    
    Library created.
    
    The name DEMOLIB is what the developers of the demo chose as the name of their 
    library ¡V you must use DEMOLIB.  The file name c:/oracle/plsql/demo/extproc.dll 
    may be different for you ¡V I built the example directly in the demo directory 
    of my Oracle_Home.  You may have a different Oracle_Home then I do or you might 
    have built the demo in some other directory entirely ¡V you should use the 
    actual path name of the extproc.dll you built in the first step.
    
    Installing and running  the demo packages
    
    The last step in the demo is to install the PLSQL code that maps to routines in 
    the demolib library.  We are not interested at this point in what they look like 
    as much as we are what they output ¡V we are using this demo to test external 
    procedures, we¡¦ll look at how we code them in a bit.
    
    Now we will simply execute:
    
    SQL> connect scott/tiger
    Connected.
    SQL> @extproc
    
    When in the $ORACLE_HOME/plsql/demo directory.  What we expect to see is:
    
    SQL> @extproc
    
    Package created.
    
    No errors.
    
    Package body created.
    
    No errors.
    ENAME      : ALLEN
    JOB        : SALESMAN
    SALARY     : 1600
    COMMISSION : 300
    Percent Commission : 18.75
    ENAME      : MARTIN
    JOB        : SALESMAN
    SALARY     : 1250
    COMMISSION : 1400
    Percent Commission : 112
    Return value from CheckEmpName : 0
    old_ename value on return      : ANIL
    ENAME      : 7369
    HIREDATE   : 17-DEC-80
    Employee Experience Test Passed.
    ***************************************
    
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
    ¡K. (other feedback would be here as well)¡K.
    
    That shows that external procedures are correctly configured and ready to be 
    used on our system ¡V the first procedure executes many of the routines in the 
    extproc.dll we created.  This shows conclusively that all is configured 
    correctly.
    
    In the event of an incorrectly configured system, you would expect to see:
    
    SQL> @extproc
    
    Package created.
    
    No errors.
    
    Package body created.
    
    No errors.
    BEGIN demopack.demo_procedure; END;
    
    *
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-28575: unable to open RPC connection to external procedure agent
    ORA-06512: at "SCOTT.DEMOPACK", line 61
    ORA-06512: at "SCOTT.DEMOPACK", line 103
    ORA-06512: at line 1
    
    That implies that it is time to revisit your tnsnames and listener.ora 
    configuration.

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       <td><a style="PADDING-RIGHT: 6px" href="http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:::::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID:1200435685237#2031107705258" rel="nofollow"><font>GOTO a page to Bookmark Review</font></a> | <a style="PADDING-RIGHT: 6px; PADDING-LEFT: 6px" href="http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:15395219516032186935::NO::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID,F4950_P8_CRITERIA:1200435685237#PAGEBOTTOM" rel="nofollow"><font>Bottom</font></a> | <a style="PADDING-LEFT: 6px" href="http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:15395219516032186935::NO::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID,F4950_P8_CRITERIA:1200435685237#PAGETOP" rel="nofollow"><font>Top</font></a></td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars5.gif" alt=""><strong></strong></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;November 21, 2001 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>A&nbsp;reader</strong> </font><br> <pre>hi tom

i don't have make.bat in 
%oracle_home%/plsql/demo directoty
it's prcmake.bat

i read the text in side and it is telling 
-- -----------------
Rem Use this script to create executables for the demo scripts with PL/SQL
Rem blocks embedded in C code.  To create all executables, at the prompt type:

if (%1) == () goto usage

Rem MSVCDir is defined by running a batch file, vcvars32.bat, 
Rem in Microsoft Visual Studio directory.  You can find it using 
Rem Windows Explorer.
Rem Environment Check:
 if (%MSVCDir%) == () goto msvcdir_error
-- ---------
i don't have visual studio

I am running personal oracle 8.1.7 on windows 98

i want to call executable from pl/sql at my work.
so please respond as soon as possible

</pre> <br> 
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       <td> <pre>If you don't have MAKE.BAT you don't have a version of Oracle with extprocs.  
prcmake.bat doesn't make the extprocs.  you need make.bat.

if you

dir ext*

in that directory -- you should see:

Directory of C:/oracle/plsql/demo

02/29/2000  02:03p              17,853 extproc.c
02/29/2000  02:03p              15,779 extproc.sql

if not, you don't have the extproc stuff.

I've never installed Personal Oracle -- I suppose there is a chance its "not 
there".

try downloading

</pre> <a href="http://asktom.oracle.com/~tkyte/extproc.tar" rel="nofollow">http://asktom.oracle.com/~tkyte/extproc.tar</a> <pre>I've tarred up (winzip will extract it) the source and make.bat.  Lets start 
there and see what happens.
 </pre> </td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars5.gif" alt=""><strong></strong></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;November 21, 2001 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>A&nbsp;reader</strong> </font><br> <pre>Tom 
So FAST REPLY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

IT REALLY HELPS ME A LOT
CAN'T BELIEVE IT

I REALLY APPRICIATE IT

YOU ARE REALLY BOON TO DEVLOPER COMMUNITY

HAVE NICE THANKSGIVING

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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars5.gif" alt=""><strong></strong></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;November 21, 2001 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>A&nbsp;reader</strong> </font><br> <pre>Another question.

External procedure in C is better
OR java stored procedure is better 
(Consider Resources and perfomance of database) 
</pre> <br> 
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       <td> <pre>It is a double edged sword.

C will be faster, its closer to the machine.

Java will be a little slower but it is approaching the speed of C with regards 
to performance when NCOMP'ed (natively compiled)

C will run outside the address space of the server -- it will take another 
process.  Java runs inside the database, in the same address space.  No extra 
process.

Calling a java stored procedure for the first time in a session takes a bit of 
time (jvm startup).  Its getting better with each release but its still rather 
large the first time.  A C extproc is not.  This mostly counts in a stateless 
environment where "for the first time in a session" happens very often.

My mantra in general is:

o if you can do it in SQL, do it
o if not, do it in PLSQL, if you cannot do it there (eg: ftp'ing a file, writing 
a binary file, etc)
o do it in Java in a simple stored procedure
o if Java won't do it (you have a 3rd party api, existing C code) do it in C as 
an extproc. </pre> </td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars5.gif" alt=""></font><strong>make.bat and MS .net</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;June 18, 2003 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>Jeff Yuan</strong> &nbsp;from AZ USA </font><br> <pre>First of all, thank you very much for your excellent coverings on extproc in 
your book and here.

I believe the existing make.bat (from Oracle 9.0.1 installation) works with MS 
Visual Studio. Now in my box, I have only MS Visual Studio .NET installed, 
including MS Visual C++ .NET. I can not have MS Visaul C++ in same box.(?)

When I try to run make.bat, I doesn't work. I don't know much about .NET. Could 
you please look into this? Is some modification on the make.bat necessary to 
find the C++ compiler?

Regards,
Jeff
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
C:/oracle/plsql/demo&gt;make.bat
.
Environment variable MSVCDIR must be set before running this batch file.
Please run vcvars32.bat from MS Visual Studio directory.
.

C:/&gt;cd program files/microsoft visual studio .net

C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET&gt;cd vc7/bin

C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET/Vc7/bin&gt;vcvars32.bat

C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET/Vc7/bin&gt;"C:/Program Files/Microsof
t Visual Studio .NET/Common7/Tools/"vsvars32.bat
Setting environment for using Microsoft Visual Studio .NET tools.
(If you also have Visual C++ 6.0 installed and wish to use its tools
from the command line, run vcvars32.bat for Visual C++ 6.0.)

C:/&gt;cd oracle/plsql/demo

C:/oracle/plsql/demo&gt;make
Files/Microsoft was unexpected at this time.
 
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       <td> <pre>looks like there might be an issue with spaces in the filenames.

maybe you can use the 8.3 filenames instead.  I don't have access to any windows 
machines, sorry. </pre> </td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars3.gif" alt=""></font><strong>vc</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;September 17, 2003 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>Aladdin</strong> &nbsp;from india </font><br> <pre>sir how could i use external dll files not  made by c language but with visual c 
++ or vb 
</pre> <br> 
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       <td> <pre>you just need to know the "c prototype" they use.  then you can map to it. </pre> </td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars4.gif" alt=""></font><strong>Need a clarification</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;October 08, 2003 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>Sanjay Jha</strong> &nbsp;from Toronto </font><br> <pre>For using External Proc..do we need any additional piece of software? I am not 
able to run make.bat. It complains:

C:/oracle/ora81/plsql/demo&gt;make
'cl' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.

I referred metalink doc id (70110.1)and it says, I need to run vcvars32.bat 
before running make.bat:
**********************************************************
3. Use the make.bat available in the %ORACLE_HOME%/rdbms/extproc directory.  You 
   need to run vcvars32.bat file before running this batch file.  This will    
create a dll file. 
**********************************************************

However, I did not see that step mentioned in your book, nor do I see a mention 
of the fact that I need any extra piece of software than Oracle RDBMS. Do I need 
Visual Studio to be installed, since I did not see vcvars32.bat, cl.exe etc. 
anywhere in my Oracle folder? 
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       <td> <pre>you need a C compiler, yes.  In order to compile C, you need a C compiler.

You do not need a C compiler if you have a DLL already.

You do need a C compiler to turn C into a DLL on windows. </pre> </td> 
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    </table> <font><font><img src="http://asktom.oracle.com/i/stars4.gif" alt=""></font><strong>Demo C-Based External Procedure -- Error ORA-03114</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;January 25, 2005 <br>Reviewer:&nbsp; <strong>Cheema</strong> &nbsp;from Toronto </font><br> <pre>Hi Tom,
I followed Chapter 18 of your "One-on_One" and was able to compile and link the 
demo program. However, when I call it from  demopack.demo_procedure I get the 
following errors:
SQL&gt; @extproc
Package created.
No errors.
Package body created.
No errors.
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
BEGIN demopack.demo_procedure; END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Is there anything which I may have missed out.
Thanks
 
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       <td align="left"><font><strong>Followup:<a rel="nofollow"></a></strong> </font></td> 
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       <td> <pre>please contact support -- that is the sample that is shipped with the server, if 
you followed the setup exactly and that happens -- there is a problem....  (the 
reason I put the shipping example in the book like that is -- in the event of 
somehting going horribly wrong -- support would be able to work with you, you 
are using the standard sample....) </pre> </td> 
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