如何确定微服务项目中Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba三者之间的版本

梦里梦外; 2024-02-05 20:47 33阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  1. 版本说明
 *  2. 版本依赖关系(推荐使用)
 *  3. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml

本文描述如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本。

## 1. 版本说明 ##

我们知道Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本选择一致性非常重要。在选择Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本时，需要考虑到两者之间的关系以及项目的具体需求。

首先，Spring Boot和Spring Cloud有密切的联系。**Spring Boot是Spring Cloud的基础，版本选择应该先确定Spring Boot的版本**，然后再选择与之兼容的Spring Cloud版本。

## 2. 版本依赖关系(推荐使用) ##

三者的版本选择可以参考：[Spring Cloud Alibaba版本选择参考][Spring Cloud Alibaba]。

其他版本参考：[https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/docs/2022.0.0.0/overview/version-explain][https_sca.aliyun.com_zh-cn_docs_2022.0.0.0_overview_version-explain]（先选择Spring Boot版本）

由于 Spring Boot 3.0，Spring Boot 2.7~2.4 和 2.4 以下版本之间变化较大，目前企业级客户老项目相关 Spring Boot 版本仍停留在 Spring Boot 2.4 以下，为了同时满足存量用户和新用户不同需求，社区以 Spring Boot 3.0 和 2.4 分别为分界线，同时维护 2022.x、2021.x、2.2.x 三个分支迭代。如果不想跨分支升级，如需使用新特性，请升级为对应分支的新版本。 为了规避相关构建过程中的依赖冲突问题，我们建议可以通过 云原生应用脚手架 进行项目创建。

2022.x 分支  
适配 Spring Boot 3.0，Spring Cloud 2022.x 版本及以上的 Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本按从新到旧排列如下表（最新版本用\*标记）： (注意，该分支 Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本命名方式进行了调整，未来将对应 Spring Cloud 版本，前三位为 Spring Cloud 版本，最后一位为扩展版本，比如适配 Spring Cloud 2022.0.0 版本对应的 Spring Cloud Alibaba 第一个版本为：2022.0.0.0，第个二版本为：2022.0.0.1，依此类推)

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Alibaba Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Boot Version</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0*</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2022.0.0</td> 
   <td>3.0.2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0-RC2</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2022.0.0</td> 
   <td>3.0.2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0-RC1</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2022.0.0</td> 
   <td>3.0.0</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

2021.x 分支  
适配 Spring Boot 2.4，Spring Cloud 2021.x 版本及以上的 Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本按从新到旧排列如下表（最新版本用\*标记）：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Alibaba Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Boot Version</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.5.0*</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2021.0.5</td> 
   <td>2.6.13</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.4.0</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2021.0.4</td> 
   <td>2.6.11</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.1.0</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2021.0.1</td> 
   <td>2.6.3</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.1</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud 2020.0.1</td> 
   <td>2.4.2</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

2.2.x 分支  
适配 Spring Boot 为 2.4，Spring Cloud Hoxton 版本及以下的 Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本按从新到旧排列如下表（最新版本用\*标记）：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Alibaba Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Version</th> 
   <th>Spring Boot Version</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.10-RC1*</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR12</td> 
   <td>2.3.12.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.9.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR12</td> 
   <td>2.3.12.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.8.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR12</td> 
   <td>2.3.12.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.7.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR12</td> 
   <td>2.3.12.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.6.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR9</td> 
   <td>2.3.2.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.1.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR3</td> 
   <td>2.2.5.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.0.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Hoxton.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>2.2.X.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.1.4.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Greenwich.SR6</td> 
   <td>2.1.13.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.1.2.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Greenwich</td> 
   <td>2.1.X.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.0.4.RELEASE(停止维护，建议升级)</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Finchley</td> 
   <td>2.0.X.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>1.5.1.RELEASE(停止维护，建议升级)</td> 
   <td>Spring Cloud Edgware</td> 
   <td>1.5.X.RELEASE</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

组件版本关系  
每个 Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本及其自身所适配的各组件对应版本如下表所示（注意，Spring Cloud Dubbo 从 2021.0.1.0 起已被移除出主干，不再随主干演进）：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Cloud Alibaba Version</th> 
   <th>Sentinel Version</th> 
   <th>Nacos Version</th> 
   <th>RocketMQ Version</th> 
   <th>Dubbo Version</th> 
   <th>Seata Version</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0</td> 
   <td>1.8.6</td> 
   <td>2.2.1</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.7.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0-RC2</td> 
   <td>1.8.6</td> 
   <td>2.2.1</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.7.0-native-rc2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.5.0</td> 
   <td>1.8.6</td> 
   <td>2.2.0</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.6.1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.10-RC1</td> 
   <td>1.8.6</td> 
   <td>2.2.0</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.6.1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2022.0.0.0-RC1</td> 
   <td>1.8.6</td> 
   <td>2.2.1-RC</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.6.1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.9.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.8.5</td> 
   <td>2.1.0</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.5.2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.4.0</td> 
   <td>1.8.5</td> 
   <td>2.0.4</td> 
   <td>4.9.4</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.5.2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.8.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.8.4</td> 
   <td>2.1.0</td> 
   <td>4.9.3</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.5.1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.0.1.0</td> 
   <td>1.8.3</td> 
   <td>1.4.2</td> 
   <td>4.9.2</td> 
   <td>~</td> 
   <td>1.4.2</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.7.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.8.1</td> 
   <td>2.0.3</td> 
   <td>4.6.1</td> 
   <td>2.7.13</td> 
   <td>1.3.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.6.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.8.1</td> 
   <td>1.4.2</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.8</td> 
   <td>1.3.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2021.1 or 2.2.5.RELEASE or 2.1.4.RELEASE or 2.0.4.RELEASE 1.8.0</td> 
   <td>1.4.1</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.8</td> 
   <td>1.3.0</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.3.RELEASE or 2.1.3.RELEASE or 2.0.3.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.8.0</td> 
   <td>1.3.3</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.8</td> 
   <td>1.3.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.1.RELEASE or 2.1.2.RELEASE or 2.0.2.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.7.1</td> 
   <td>1.2.1</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.6</td> 
   <td>1.2.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2.0.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.7.1</td> 
   <td>1.1.4</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.4.1</td> 
   <td>1.0.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.1.1.RELEASE or 2.0.1.RELEASE or 1.5.1.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.7.0</td> 
   <td>1.1.4</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.3</td> 
   <td>0.9.0</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.1.0.RELEASE or 2.0.0.RELEASE or 1.5.0.RELEASE</td> 
   <td>1.6.3</td> 
   <td>1.1.1</td> 
   <td>4.4.0</td> 
   <td>2.7.3</td> 
   <td>0.7.1</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 3. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml ##

简单起见也可以使用阿里巴巴提供的[云原生应用脚手架][Link 1]

*  填写项目的基本信息

![在这里插入图片描述][c4c21a06f6f1426088558cd4fe1917b2.png]

*  选择了3个组件，一个来自Spring Cloud，一个来自Spring Cloud Alibaba，所以会帮我们在pom.xml文件中引入2个框架的依赖。

![在这里插入图片描述][d72dba514892422ea894afcea577045d.png]

*  可以选择下载代码或在线浏览代码。我这里把pom.xml文件的内容贴出来。

pom原始内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>com.tigerhhzz</groupId>
        <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
        <name>demo</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version>
            <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
        <modules>
            <module>demo-start</module>
            <module>demo-web</module>
            <module>demo-service</module>
        </modules>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${
        spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${
        spring-boot.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${
        spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.tigerhhzz</groupId>
                    <artifactId>demo-start</artifactId>
                    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.tigerhhzz</groupId>
                    <artifactId>demo-web</artifactId>
                    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.tigerhhzz</groupId>
                    <artifactId>demo-service</artifactId>
                    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${
        spring-boot.version}</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <mainClass>com.tigerhhzz.DemoApplication</mainClass>
                        <skip>true</skip>
                    </configuration>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>repackage</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>repackage</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

由于有些内容我们暂时用不到，这里主要是为了帮我们解决版本的选择问题，所以下面我们**只保留了元素**，且强制给子模块添加了`lombok`、`spring测试框架`，所以最终的父项目的pom.xml内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
        <artifactId>firefish</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
        <name>FireFish</name>
        <description>火鱼微服务项目</description>
        
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version>
            <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplication</mainClass>
                        <skip>true</skip>
                    </configuration>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>repackage</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>repackage</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

*  至此由于pom.xml的建立，微服务的父工程已经建立好！！

[Spring Cloud Alibaba]: https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E
[https_sca.aliyun.com_zh-cn_docs_2022.0.0.0_overview_version-explain]: https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/docs/2022.0.0.0/overview/version-explain
[Link 1]: https://start.aliyun.com
[c4c21a06f6f1426088558cd4fe1917b2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/cfacd6655ad449cf84072952290079a0.png
[d72dba514892422ea894afcea577045d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/87ee5c5506c24a59b82010526794c186.png