java操作solr基本方法

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2023-10-18 07:08 5阅读 0赞

**继上一篇在linux环境下搭建成功solr服务器之后，本篇讲述如何在java程序中对solr进行基本的API使用和操作，**

启动solr服务器后，进入solr的可视化管控台

1、新建maven工程，创建过程略过，  
![这里写图片描述][70]

pom文件添加依赖的jar包  
![这里写图片描述][70 1]

2、接下来创建两个类，一个是person的对象类，封装了和配置文件中配置的业务字段相对应的字段的一个实体对象，  
public class Person \{

@Field(value = "id")
    private String id;
    
    @Field(value = "name")
    private String name;
    
    @Field(value = "description")
    private String description;
    
    public String getId() {
    	return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(String id) {
    	this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
    	return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
    	this.name = name;
    }
    
    public String getDescription() {
    	return description;
    }
    
    public void setDescription(String description) {
    	this.description = description;
    }

接下来就是具体操作solr的代码，实际项目中可根据需要对操作solr的增删改查的方法做进一步的封装，新建SolrUtil工具类，

public class SolrUtil \{

//solr服务器所在的地址，core0为自己创建的文档库目录
    private final static String SOLR_URL = "http://192.168.111.130:8080/solr/core0";
    
    /**
     * 获取客户端的连接
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public HttpSolrClient createSolrServer() {
    	HttpSolrClient solr = null;
    	solr = new HttpSolrClient.Builder(SOLR_URL).withConnectionTimeout(10000).withSocketTimeout(60000).build();
    	return solr;
    }
    
    /**
     * 往索引库添加文档
     * 
     * @throws SolrServerException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void addDoc() throws SolrServerException, IOException {
    	SolrInputDocument document = new SolrInputDocument();
    	document.addField("id", "7");
    	document.addField("name", "钢铁侠");
    	document.addField("description", "一个逗比的码农");
    	HttpSolrClient solr = new HttpSolrClient.Builder(SOLR_URL).withConnectionTimeout(10000)
    			.withSocketTimeout(60000).build();
    	solr.add(document);
    	solr.commit();
    	solr.close();
    	System.out.println("添加成功");
    }
    
    /**
     * 根据ID从索引库删除文档
     * 
     * @throws SolrServerException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void deleteDocumentById() throws SolrServerException, IOException {
    	HttpSolrClient server = new HttpSolrClient.Builder(SOLR_URL)
    				.withConnectionTimeout(10000)
    				.withSocketTimeout(60000).build();
    	
    	server.deleteById("6");
    	server.commit();
    	server.close();
    }
    
    /**
     * 根据设定的查询条件进行文档字段的查询
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void querySolr() throws Exception {
    
    	HttpSolrClient server = new HttpSolrClient.Builder(SOLR_URL)
    				.withConnectionTimeout(10000)
    				.withSocketTimeout(60000).build();
    	SolrQuery query = new SolrQuery();
    	
    	//下面设置solr查询参数
    	
        //query.set("q", "*:*");// 参数q  查询所有   
    	query.set("q", "钢铁侠");//相关查询，比如某条数据某个字段含有周、星、驰三个字  将会查询出来 ，这个作用适用于联想查询
    	
    	//参数fq, 给query增加过滤查询条件 
    	query.addFacetQuery("id:[0 TO 9]");
    	query.addFilterQuery("description:一个逗比的码农"); 
    	
    	//参数df,给query设置默认搜索域，从哪个字段上查找
    	query.set("df", "name"); 
    	
    	//参数sort,设置返回结果的排序规则
    	query.setSort("id",SolrQuery.ORDER.desc);
    	
    	//设置分页参数
    	query.setStart(0);
    	query.setRows(10);
    	
    	//设置高亮显示以及结果的样式
    	query.setHighlight(true);
    	query.addHighlightField("name");  
    	query.setHighlightSimplePre("<font color='red'>");  
        query.setHighlightSimplePost("</font>"); 
    	
        //执行查询
    	QueryResponse response = server.query(query);
    	
    	//获取返回结果
    	SolrDocumentList resultList = response.getResults();
    	
    	for(SolrDocument document: resultList){
    		System.out.println("id:"+document.get("id")+"   document:"+document.get("name")+"    description:"+document.get("description"));
    	}
    	
    	//获取实体对象形式
    	List<Person> persons = response.getBeans(Person.class);
    	
    	System.out.println(persons.get(0).getName());
    	
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	SolrUtil solr = new SolrUtil();
    	//solr.addDoc();
    	solr.querySolr();
    }

接下来分别测试各个方法，向core0中添加一个文件，运行结果如下，

![这里写图片描述][70 2]

进入管控台，查看添加的数据；  
![这里写图片描述][70 3]

可以看到刚刚的内容已经成功添加到solr服务器中了；

直接在代码中进行查询，看是否能够搜索到刚刚添加的信息，  
如果按照设置的调价没有查到结果，会抛出下面异常，  
![这里写图片描述][70 4]

如果设置正确，则显示结果如下，返回文档的信息，  
![这里写图片描述][70 5]

或者进行模糊匹配，查询全部的结果：  
![这里写图片描述][70 6]

最后测试一下删除的方法，  
![这里写图片描述][70 7]

本篇到此结束，谢谢观看！

[70]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909152823510?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/201809091529583?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909154224145?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/2018090915451981?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 4]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909154906438?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 5]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909155109688?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 6]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909155307976?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 7]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180909155548388?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nY29uZ3lpNDIw/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70