Android开发-使用pm命令进行package的管理，包括apk的安装和卸载（pm install && pm uninstall）

r囧r小猫 2023-10-17 13:07 43阅读 0赞

#### pm命令简介： ####

pm全称是package manager，是一个可执行程序。顾名思义，pm命令用来进行package的管理，例如安装apk，卸载apk，列出所有的应用的包名，列出权限等。

pm在Android系统中的源码位置：

> frameworks\\base\\cmds\\am\\src\\com\\android\\commands\\pm

#### pm help: ####

在adb shell命令行，输入pm或者pm help，可以列出pm的使用帮助信息，部分信息如下：

> % adb shell
> 
> shell@bullhead:/ $ pm
> 
> usage: pm list packages \[-f\] \[-d\] \[-e\] \[-s\] \[-3\] \[-i\] \[-u\] \[--user USER\_ID\] \[FILTER\]
> 
> pm list permission-groups
> 
> pm list permissions \[-g\] \[-f\] \[-d\] \[-u\] \[GROUP\]
> 
> pm list instrumentation \[-f\] \[TARGET-PACKAGE\]
> 
> pm list features
> 
> pm list libraries
> 
> pm list users
> 
> pm path PACKAGE
> 
> pm dump PACKAGE
> 
> pm install \[-lrtsfd\] \[-i PACKAGE\] \[--user USER\_ID\] \[PATH\]
> 
> pm install-create \[-lrtsfdp\] \[-i PACKAGE\] \[-S BYTES\]
> 
> \[--install-location 0/1/2\]
> 
> \[--force-uuid internal|UUID\]
> 
> pm install-write \[-S BYTES\] SESSION\_ID SPLIT\_NAME \[PATH\]
> 
> pm install-commit SESSION\_ID
> 
> pm install-abandon SESSION\_ID
> 
> pm uninstall \[-k\] \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE
> 
> pm set-installer PACKAGE INSTALLER
> 
> pm move-package PACKAGE \[internal|UUID\]
> 
> pm move-primary-storage \[internal|UUID\]
> 
> pm clear \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE
> 
> pm enable \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm disable \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm disable-user \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm disable-until-used \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm hide \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm unhide \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE\_OR\_COMPONENT
> 
> pm grant \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE PERMISSION
> 
> pm revoke \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE PERMISSION
> 
> pm reset-permissions
> 
> pm set-app-link \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE \{always|ask|never|undefined\}
> 
> pm get-app-link \[--user USER\_ID\] PACKAGE
> 
> pm set-install-location \[0/auto\] \[1/internal\] \[2/external\]
> 
> pm get-install-location
> 
> pm set-permission-enforced PERMISSION \[true|false\]
> 
> pm trim-caches DESIRED\_FREE\_SPACE \[internal|UUID\]
> 
> pm create-user \[--profileOf USER\_ID\] \[--managed\] USER\_NAME
> 
> pm remove-user USER\_ID
> 
> pm get-max-users
> 
> pm list packages: prints all packages, optionally only
> 
> those whose package name contains the text in FILTER. Options:
> 
> \-f: see their associated file.
> 
> \-d: filter to only show disbled packages.
> 
> \-e: filter to only show enabled packages.
> 
> \-s: filter to only show system packages.
> 
> \-3: filter to only show third party packages.
> 
> \-i: see the installer for the packages.
> 
> \-u: also include uninstalled packages.
> 
> pm list permission-groups: prints all known permission groups.
> 
> pm list permissions: prints all known permissions, optionally only
> 
> those in GROUP. Options:
> 
> \-g: organize by group.
> 
> \-f: print all information.
> 
> \-s: short summary.
> 
> \-d: only list dangerous permissions.
> 
> \-u: list only the permissions users will see.
> 
> pm list instrumentation: use to list all test packages; optionally
> 
> supply <TARGET-PACKAGE> to list the test packages for a particular
> 
> application. Options:
> 
> \-f: list the .apk file for the test package.
> 
> pm list features: prints all features of the system.
> 
> pm list users: prints all users on the system.
> 
> pm path: print the path to the .apk of the given PACKAGE.
> 
> pm dump: print system state associated with the given PACKAGE.
> 
> pm install: install a single legacy package
> 
> pm install-create: create an install session
> 
> \-l: forward lock application
> 
> \-r: replace existing application
> 
> \-t: allow test packages
> 
> \-i: specify the installer package name
> 
> \-s: install application on sdcard
> 
> \-f: install application on internal flash
> 
> \-d: allow version code downgrade
> 
> \-p: partial application install
> 
> \-g: grant all runtime permissions
> 
> \-S: size in bytes of entire session
> 
> pm install-write: write a package into existing session; path may
> 
> be '-' to read from stdin
> 
> \-S: size in bytes of package, required for stdin
> 
> pm install-commit: perform install of fully staged session
> 
> pm install-abandon: abandon session
> 
> pm set-installer: set installer package name
> 
> pm uninstall: removes a package from the system. Options:
> 
> \-k: keep the data and cache directories around after package removal.
> 
> pm clear: deletes all data associated with a package.
> 
> pm enable, disable, disable-user, disable-until-used: these commands
> 
> change the enabled state of a given package or component (written
> 
> as "package/class").
> 
> pm grant, revoke: these commands either grant or revoke permissions
> 
> to apps. The permissions must be declared as used in the app's
> 
> manifest, be runtime permissions (protection level dangerous),
> 
> and the app targeting SDK greater than Lollipop MR1.
> 
> pm reset-permissions: revert all runtime permissions to their default state.
> 
> pm get-install-location: returns the current install location.
> 
> 0 \[auto\]: Let system decide the best location
> 
> 1 \[internal\]: Install on internal device storage
> 
> 2 \[external\]: Install on external media
> 
> pm set-install-location: changes the default install location.
> 
> NOTE: this is only intended for debugging; using this can cause
> 
> applications to break and other undersireable behavior.
> 
> 0 \[auto\]: Let system decide the best location
> 
> 1 \[internal\]: Install on internal device storage
> 
> 2 \[external\]: Install on external media
> 
> pm trim-caches: trim cache files to reach the given free space.
> 
> pm create-user: create a new user with the given USER\_NAME,
> 
> printing the new user identifier of the user.
> 
> pm remove-user: remove the user with the given USER\_IDENTIFIER,
> 
> deleting all data associated with that user

#### pm命令常用参数说明： ####

pm命令的格式：

> pm \[list|path|install|uninstall\]
> 
> 说明：
> 
> list用于查询
> 
> install用户安装
> 
> uninstall用于卸载

**（1）查询：**

pm list:

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <p>参数</p> </td> 
   <td> <p>描述</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-f</td> 
   <td>显示每个包的文件位置</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-d</td> 
   <td>使用过滤器，只显示禁用的应用的包名</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-e</td> 
   <td>使用过滤器，只显示可用的应用的包名</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-s</td> 
   <td>使用过滤器，只显示系统应用的包名</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-3</td> 
   <td>使用过滤器，只显示第三方应用的包名</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-i</td> 
   <td>查看应用的安装者</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

例如：

adb shell pm list instrumentation
    
    adb shell pm list instrumentation TARGET_PACKAGE

pm命令常用参数：

**（2）安装：**

> pm install \[-lrtsfd\] \[-i PACKAGE\] \[PATH\]
> 
> 通过指定路径安装apk到手机中(与adb install不同的是adb install安装的.apk是在你的电脑上，而pm install安装的apk是存储在你的手机中)
> 
> <table> 
>  <tbody> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td> <p>参数</p> </td> 
>    <td> <p>说明</p> </td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-l</td> 
>    <td>锁定应用程序</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-r</td> 
>    <td>重新安装应用，且保留应用数据</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-t</td> 
>    <td>允许测试apk被安装</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-i &lt;INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME&gt;</td> 
>    <td>指定安装包的包名</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-s</td> 
>    <td>安装到sd卡</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-f</td> 
>    <td>安装到系统内置存储中（默认安装位置）</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-d</td> 
>    <td>允许降级安装（同一应用低级换高级）</td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-g</td> 
>    <td>授予应用程序清单中列出的所有权限（只有6.0系统可用）</td> 
>   </tr> 
>  </tbody> 
> </table>

**(3) 卸载：**

> pm uninstall \[options\] <PACKAGE>
> 
> \#卸载应用
> 
> <table> 
>  <tbody> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td> <p>参数</p> </td> 
>    <td> <p>说明</p> </td> 
>   </tr> 
>   <tr> 
>    <td>-k</td> 
>    <td>卸载应用且保留数据与缓存（如果不加-k则全部删除）</td> 
>   </tr> 
>  </tbody> 
> </table>

**（4）其它命令：**

> 1. pm dump PACKAGE 打印给定的包的系统状态
> 
> 2. list feature 打印系统的所有功能  
> 列出所有硬件相关信息  
> 3. list libraries 打印当前设备所支持的所有库
> 
> 4. pm clear <PACKAGE\_NAME> 清除应用数据