前端控件宝典：UI组件的完整指南(13)——柱状图自定义斜标题水印【源码在文末并附解释】

桃扇骨 2023-10-15 22:47 7阅读 0赞

在当今数字时代，Web应用程序已经成为我们生活的重要组成部分。无论是社交媒体平台、电子商务网站还是在线工具，现代Web应用程序的核心是其用户界面（UI）。而用户界面的关键组成部分之一就是前端控件。

前端控件是Web开发中不可或缺的元素，它们为我们提供了构建各种交互性和功能丰富的Web应用程序的工具。无论您是一名新手前端开发者还是经验丰富的工程师，了解和掌握前端控件都是提高Web开发技能的关键。

本博客系列将带您深入探索前端控件的世界。我们将详细研究各种UI组件，从简单的按钮和表单控件到复杂的图表和地图集成，无所不包。无论您是想要提高自己的技能，还是寻找构建令人印象深刻的用户体验的方法，这个系列都将为您提供宝贵的知识。

在接下来的几篇文章中，我们将探讨不同类型的前端控件，讨论它们的用途、最佳实践和实际示例。无论您的兴趣是构建漂亮的UI、提高用户体验或学习最新的Web开发技术，这个系列都将有所帮助。

准备好探索前端控件的魅力吗？让我们开始吧！

### 一，演示地址 ###

访问网址：http://59.110.22.223:8080/Model\_qianduan/bar\_graphic\_component.html

![image-20230914114216567][]

### 二、控件常识 ###

自定义控件  
自定义控件是已编译的服务器端控件，它将用户界面和其他功能都封装起来到可复用的包中，自定义控件和标准的控件相比，除了他们一个不同的标记前缀，并且必须进行显示注册和部署以外并没有什么不同。此外，自定义控件拥有自己的对象模型，能够触发事件，并支持Microsoft Visual Studio 的所有设计是特性，诸如属性窗口、可视化设计器、属性生成器和工具箱。

上面讲了用户控件，它只需要想创建页面一样，在设计器里拖拉系统控件设计界面，然后为这些控件添加必须的事件代码就可以，它纯粹就是组合。而自定义控件是“从头实现”控件的底层功能，编写一个类继承自Control，并实现INamingContainer接口，甚至重写控件的Render方法，控制控件生成的html代码，以及实现响应从浏览器传回数据的事件和处理传回的数据，它不仅叫自定义控件，也可以叫做复合控件。

自定义控件使用的时候，可以点击vs软件右边上的工具箱，在工具箱上空白处点击右键选择项–在.NET Framework组件选项卡下点击“浏览”–找到你要添加的自定义控件(.dll文件)–打开–确定。这样你就可以在工具箱中将那个自定义控件拖出来使用了。常用的控件有：分页控件、文本编辑器、水晶报表、ActiveReports等。

开发方法：  
1、自定义控件的开发，即继承如Control的积累实现服务器控件。

2、开发用户控件。

创建用户控件与创建普通asp.net web页面类似，但是还是有些不同。步骤是：

① 创建一个.ascx的文本文件。这是用户控件和asp.net web页面的第一个不同点，后者使用的扩展名为.aspx。

②在文本文件顶部添加@Control指令，并通过language属性来设置所选择的编程语言，这是用户控件和web页面的第二个不同点。（后者使用@page指令）。

③向文本文件添加HTML标记文本和asp.net服务器控件。可以添加html、body和form之外的任何html标记，这是因为用户控件不能单独使用，必须做为web页面的一部分使用。这是用户控件和web页面的第三个不同点。

### 三，源码 ###

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Awesome-pyecharts</title>
                    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.pyecharts.org/assets/v5/echarts.min.js"></script>
    
    </head>
    <body >
        <div id="cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a" class="chart-container" style="width:900px; height:500px; "></div>
        <script>
            var chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = echarts.init(
                document.getElementById('cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a'), 'white', {renderer: 'canvas'});
            var option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = {
        "animation": true,
        "animationThreshold": 2000,
        "animationDuration": 1000,
        "animationEasing": "cubicOut",
        "animationDelay": 0,
        "animationDurationUpdate": 300,
        "animationEasingUpdate": "cubicOut",
        "animationDelayUpdate": 0,
        "aria": {
            "enabled": false
        },
        "color": [
            "#5470c6",
            "#91cc75",
            "#fac858",
            "#ee6666",
            "#73c0de",
            "#3ba272",
            "#fc8452",
            "#9a60b4",
            "#ea7ccc"
        ],
        "series": [
            {
                "type": "bar",
                "name": "\u5546\u5bb6A",
                "legendHoverLink": true,
                "data": [
                    123,
                    141,
                    69,
                    48,
                    136,
                    137,
                    84
                ],
                "realtimeSort": false,
                "showBackground": false,
                "stackStrategy": "samesign",
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "barMinHeight": 0,
                "barCategoryGap": "20%",
                "barGap": "30%",
                "large": false,
                "largeThreshold": 400,
                "seriesLayoutBy": "column",
                "datasetIndex": 0,
                "clip": true,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "z": 2,
                "label": {
                    "show": true,
                    "margin": 8
                }
            },
            {
                "type": "bar",
                "name": "\u5546\u5bb6B",
                "legendHoverLink": true,
                "data": [
                    43,
                    141,
                    123,
                    78,
                    63,
                    35,
                    48
                ],
                "realtimeSort": false,
                "showBackground": false,
                "stackStrategy": "samesign",
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "barMinHeight": 0,
                "barCategoryGap": "20%",
                "barGap": "30%",
                "large": false,
                "largeThreshold": 400,
                "seriesLayoutBy": "column",
                "datasetIndex": 0,
                "clip": true,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "z": 2,
                "label": {
                    "show": true,
                    "margin": 8
                }
            }
        ],
        "legend": [
            {
                "data": [
                    "\u5546\u5bb6A",
                    "\u5546\u5bb6B"
                ],
                "selected": {},
                "show": true,
                "padding": 5,
                "itemGap": 10,
                "itemWidth": 25,
                "itemHeight": 14,
                "backgroundColor": "transparent",
                "borderColor": "#ccc",
                "borderWidth": 1,
                "borderRadius": 0,
                "pageButtonItemGap": 5,
                "pageButtonPosition": "end",
                "pageFormatter": "{current}/{total}",
                "pageIconColor": "#2f4554",
                "pageIconInactiveColor": "#aaa",
                "pageIconSize": 15,
                "animationDurationUpdate": 800,
                "selector": false,
                "selectorPosition": "auto",
                "selectorItemGap": 7,
                "selectorButtonGap": 10
            }
        ],
        "tooltip": {
            "show": true,
            "trigger": "item",
            "triggerOn": "mousemove|click",
            "axisPointer": {
                "type": "line"
            },
            "showContent": true,
            "alwaysShowContent": false,
            "showDelay": 0,
            "hideDelay": 100,
            "enterable": false,
            "confine": false,
            "appendToBody": false,
            "transitionDuration": 0.4,
            "textStyle": {
                "fontSize": 14
            },
            "borderWidth": 0,
            "padding": 5,
            "order": "seriesAsc"
        },
        "xAxis": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "scale": false,
                "nameLocation": "end",
                "nameGap": 15,
                "gridIndex": 0,
                "inverse": false,
                "offset": 0,
                "splitNumber": 5,
                "minInterval": 0,
                "splitLine": {
                    "show": true,
                    "lineStyle": {
                        "show": true,
                        "width": 1,
                        "opacity": 1,
                        "curveness": 0,
                        "type": "solid"
                    }
                },
                "data": [
                    "\u5c0f\u7c73",
                    "\u4e09\u661f",
                    "\u534e\u4e3a",
                    "\u82f9\u679c",
                    "\u9b45\u65cf",
                    "VIVO",
                    "OPPO"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "yAxis": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "scale": false,
                "nameLocation": "end",
                "nameGap": 15,
                "gridIndex": 0,
                "inverse": false,
                "offset": 0,
                "splitNumber": 5,
                "minInterval": 0,
                "splitLine": {
                    "show": true,
                    "lineStyle": {
                        "show": true,
                        "width": 1,
                        "opacity": 1,
                        "curveness": 0,
                        "type": "solid"
                    }
                }
            }
        ],
        "title": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "text": "Bar-Graphic \u7ec4\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b",
                "target": "blank",
                "subtarget": "blank",
                "padding": 5,
                "itemGap": 10,
                "textAlign": "auto",
                "textVerticalAlign": "auto",
                "triggerEvent": false
            }
        ],
        "graphic": [
            {
                "type": "group",
                "diffChildrenByName": false,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "type": "rect",
                        "$action": "merge",
                        "rotation": 0,
                        "left": "center",
                        "top": "center",
                        "bounding": "all",
                        "z": 100,
                        "zlevel": 0,
                        "silent": false,
                        "invisible": false,
                        "ignore": false,
                        "cursor": "pointer",
                        "draggable": false,
                        "progressive": false,
                        "width": 0,
                        "height": 0,
                        "shape": {
                            "x": 0,
                            "y": 0,
                            "width": 400,
                            "height": 50
                        },
                        "style": {
                            "fill": "rgba(0,0,0,0.3)",
                            "line_width": 0
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "$action": "merge",
                        "rotation": 0,
                        "left": "center",
                        "top": "center",
                        "bounding": "all",
                        "z": 100,
                        "zlevel": 0,
                        "silent": false,
                        "invisible": false,
                        "ignore": false,
                        "cursor": "pointer",
                        "draggable": false,
                        "progressive": false,
                        "width": 0,
                        "height": 0,
                        "style": {
                            "text": "pyecharts bar chart",
                            "x": 0,
                            "y": 0,
                            "font": "bold 26px Microsoft YaHei",
                            "textAlign": "left",
                            "fill": "#fff",
                            "line_width": 0
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "$action": "merge",
                "rotation": Math.PI / 4,
                "right": 110,
                "bottom": 110,
                "bounding": "raw",
                "z": 100,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "silent": false,
                "invisible": false,
                "ignore": false,
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "draggable": false,
                "progressive": false,
                "width": 0,
                "height": 0
            }
        ]
    };
            chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a.setOption(option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a);
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Awesome-pyecharts</title>
                    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.pyecharts.org/assets/v5/echarts.min.js"></script>
    
    </head>
    <body >
        <div id="cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a" class="chart-container" style="width:900px; height:500px; "></div>
        <script>
            var chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = echarts.init(
                document.getElementById('cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a'), 'white', {renderer: 'canvas'});
            var option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = {
        "animation": true,
        "animationThreshold": 2000,
        "animationDuration": 1000,
        "animationEasing": "cubicOut",
        "animationDelay": 0,
        "animationDurationUpdate": 300,
        "animationEasingUpdate": "cubicOut",
        "animationDelayUpdate": 0,
        "aria": {
            "enabled": false
        },
        "color": [
            "#5470c6",
            "#91cc75",
            "#fac858",
            "#ee6666",
            "#73c0de",
            "#3ba272",
            "#fc8452",
            "#9a60b4",
            "#ea7ccc"
        ],
        "series": [
            {
                "type": "bar",
                "name": "\u5546\u5bb6A",
                "legendHoverLink": true,
                "data": [
                    123,
                    141,
                    69,
                    48,
                    136,
                    137,
                    84
                ],
                "realtimeSort": false,
                "showBackground": false,
                "stackStrategy": "samesign",
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "barMinHeight": 0,
                "barCategoryGap": "20%",
                "barGap": "30%",
                "large": false,
                "largeThreshold": 400,
                "seriesLayoutBy": "column",
                "datasetIndex": 0,
                "clip": true,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "z": 2,
                "label": {
                    "show": true,
                    "margin": 8
                }
            },
            {
                "type": "bar",
                "name": "\u5546\u5bb6B",
                "legendHoverLink": true,
                "data": [
                    43,
                    141,
                    123,
                    78,
                    63,
                    35,
                    48
                ],
                "realtimeSort": false,
                "showBackground": false,
                "stackStrategy": "samesign",
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "barMinHeight": 0,
                "barCategoryGap": "20%",
                "barGap": "30%",
                "large": false,
                "largeThreshold": 400,
                "seriesLayoutBy": "column",
                "datasetIndex": 0,
                "clip": true,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "z": 2,
                "label": {
                    "show": true,
                    "margin": 8
                }
            }
        ],
        "legend": [
            {
                "data": [
                    "\u5546\u5bb6A",
                    "\u5546\u5bb6B"
                ],
                "selected": {},
                "show": true,
                "padding": 5,
                "itemGap": 10,
                "itemWidth": 25,
                "itemHeight": 14,
                "backgroundColor": "transparent",
                "borderColor": "#ccc",
                "borderWidth": 1,
                "borderRadius": 0,
                "pageButtonItemGap": 5,
                "pageButtonPosition": "end",
                "pageFormatter": "{current}/{total}",
                "pageIconColor": "#2f4554",
                "pageIconInactiveColor": "#aaa",
                "pageIconSize": 15,
                "animationDurationUpdate": 800,
                "selector": false,
                "selectorPosition": "auto",
                "selectorItemGap": 7,
                "selectorButtonGap": 10
            }
        ],
        "tooltip": {
            "show": true,
            "trigger": "item",
            "triggerOn": "mousemove|click",
            "axisPointer": {
                "type": "line"
            },
            "showContent": true,
            "alwaysShowContent": false,
            "showDelay": 0,
            "hideDelay": 100,
            "enterable": false,
            "confine": false,
            "appendToBody": false,
            "transitionDuration": 0.4,
            "textStyle": {
                "fontSize": 14
            },
            "borderWidth": 0,
            "padding": 5,
            "order": "seriesAsc"
        },
        "xAxis": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "scale": false,
                "nameLocation": "end",
                "nameGap": 15,
                "gridIndex": 0,
                "inverse": false,
                "offset": 0,
                "splitNumber": 5,
                "minInterval": 0,
                "splitLine": {
                    "show": true,
                    "lineStyle": {
                        "show": true,
                        "width": 1,
                        "opacity": 1,
                        "curveness": 0,
                        "type": "solid"
                    }
                },
                "data": [
                    "\u5c0f\u7c73",
                    "\u4e09\u661f",
                    "\u534e\u4e3a",
                    "\u82f9\u679c",
                    "\u9b45\u65cf",
                    "VIVO",
                    "OPPO"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "yAxis": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "scale": false,
                "nameLocation": "end",
                "nameGap": 15,
                "gridIndex": 0,
                "inverse": false,
                "offset": 0,
                "splitNumber": 5,
                "minInterval": 0,
                "splitLine": {
                    "show": true,
                    "lineStyle": {
                        "show": true,
                        "width": 1,
                        "opacity": 1,
                        "curveness": 0,
                        "type": "solid"
                    }
                }
            }
        ],
        "title": [
            {
                "show": true,
                "text": "Bar-Graphic \u7ec4\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b",
                "target": "blank",
                "subtarget": "blank",
                "padding": 5,
                "itemGap": 10,
                "textAlign": "auto",
                "textVerticalAlign": "auto",
                "triggerEvent": false
            }
        ],
        "graphic": [
            {
                "type": "group",
                "diffChildrenByName": false,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "type": "rect",
                        "$action": "merge",
                        "rotation": 0,
                        "left": "center",
                        "top": "center",
                        "bounding": "all",
                        "z": 100,
                        "zlevel": 0,
                        "silent": false,
                        "invisible": false,
                        "ignore": false,
                        "cursor": "pointer",
                        "draggable": false,
                        "progressive": false,
                        "width": 0,
                        "height": 0,
                        "shape": {
                            "x": 0,
                            "y": 0,
                            "width": 400,
                            "height": 50
                        },
                        "style": {
                            "fill": "rgba(0,0,0,0.3)",
                            "line_width": 0
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "$action": "merge",
                        "rotation": 0,
                        "left": "center",
                        "top": "center",
                        "bounding": "all",
                        "z": 100,
                        "zlevel": 0,
                        "silent": false,
                        "invisible": false,
                        "ignore": false,
                        "cursor": "pointer",
                        "draggable": false,
                        "progressive": false,
                        "width": 0,
                        "height": 0,
                        "style": {
                            "text": "pyecharts bar chart",
                            "x": 0,
                            "y": 0,
                            "font": "bold 26px Microsoft YaHei",
                            "textAlign": "left",
                            "fill": "#fff",
                            "line_width": 0
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "$action": "merge",
                "rotation": Math.PI / 4,
                "right": 110,
                "bottom": 110,
                "bounding": "raw",
                "z": 100,
                "zlevel": 0,
                "silent": false,
                "invisible": false,
                "ignore": false,
                "cursor": "pointer",
                "draggable": false,
                "progressive": false,
                "width": 0,
                "height": 0
            }
        ]
    };
            chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a.setOption(option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a);
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>

### 四，源码解释 ###

这段HTML代码创建了一个柱状图（bar chart）示例，其中包含两个数据系列（商家A和商家B的销售数据）。以下是代码的详细解释：

1.  `<!DOCTYPE html>`：文档类型声明，指定了HTML版本。
2.  `<html>`：HTML文档的根元素。
3.  `<head>`：HTML文档的头部，包含了元数据和外部资源的引用。
    
     *  `<meta charset="UTF-8">`：指定文档的字符编码为UTF-8。
     *  `<title>Awesome-pyecharts</title>`：设置文档的标题。
     *  `<script>`：引入了Pyecharts库所需的Echarts JavaScript库。
4.  `<body>`：HTML文档的主体部分。
    
     *  `<div id="cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a" class="chart-container" style="width:900px; height:500px;"></div>`：创建一个`<div>`元素，用于容纳图表。`id`属性用于唯一标识这个`<div>`，并在后续的JavaScript代码中使用它来初始化图表。`class`属性用于指定CSS样式类，可以用来自定义图表的外观和布局。`style`属性设置了`<div>`的宽度和高度，以确定图表的尺寸。
     *  `<script>`：这是包含了JavaScript代码的标签，用于创建和配置图表。
        
         *  `var chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = echarts.init(...);`：初始化一个Echarts图表对象，并将其关联到之前创建的`<div>`。与之前的代码类似，这里设置了图表的背景颜色为白色。
         *  `var option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a = { ... };`：定义了图表的配置选项，包括颜色、数据、图表类型等。
         *  `chart_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a.setOption(option_cdf388dcf8b14221a701f7e0e9fc488a);`：将配置选项应用于图表对象，以创建实际的图表。
5.  结尾的`</body>`和`</html>`标签表示HTML文档的结束。

这个柱状图示例包括两个数据系列（商家A和商家B），每个系列都有不同的销售数据。图表的x轴用于显示商品名称，y轴用于显示销售数量。图表的标题是"Bar-Graphic 组件示例"。此外，代码中还使用了`graphic`属性来添加一个自定义的文本和背景矩形，以说明图表的用途。

[image-20230914114216567]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/015919d537df5ca7e123f06f09829d54.png