【Junit】Controller单元测试

淩亂°似流年 2023-10-12 09:39 27阅读 0赞

## 本地开发环境说明 ##

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="left">开发依赖</th> 
   <th align="left">版本</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Spring Boot</td> 
   <td align="left">3.0.6</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">JDK</td> 
   <td align="left">20</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## pom.xml主要依赖 ##

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

## 写一个Controller ##

package com.wen3.framework.junit.controller;
    
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class DemoController {
        
    
        @RequestMapping(path = "/demo")
        public String demo() {
        
            return RandomStringUtils.randomAlphabetic(10);
        }
    }

## 单元测试 ##

package com.wen3.junit.demo;
    
    import com.wen3.framework.junit.Application;
    import com.wen3.framework.junit.controller.DemoController;
    import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
    import jakarta.servlet.Filter;
    import lombok.SneakyThrows;
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.reactive.AutoConfigureWebTestClient;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
    import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.WebTestClient;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
    
    @SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
    @AutoConfigureMockMvc
    @AutoConfigureWebTestClient
    public class MockControllerTest extends Assertions {
        
    
        @Resource
        protected MockMvc mvc;
        protected static MockMvc mvc2;
        @Autowired(required = false)
        WebTestClient webClient;
    
        @BeforeAll
        public static void beforeAll(WebApplicationContext wac) {
        
            // 增加过滤器
            mvc2 = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).addFilters(new CharacterEncodingFilter("UTF-8")).build();
        }
    
        @SneakyThrows
        @Test
        void demo() {
        
            MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(get("/demo")).andReturn();
            MockHttpServletResponse mockHttpServletResponse = mvcResult.getResponse();
            String body = mockHttpServletResponse.getContentAsString();
            assertFalse(body.isEmpty());
    
            mvcResult = mvc2.perform(get("/demo")).andReturn();
            mockHttpServletResponse = mvcResult.getResponse();
            body = mockHttpServletResponse.getContentAsString();
            assertFalse(body.isEmpty());
        }
    }

>  *  可以通过`@AutoConfigureMockMvc`注解，直接注入`MockMvc`
>  *  也可以使用`MockMvcBuilders`手工`build`一个`MockMvc`
>  *  也可以使用`WebTestClient`对`Controller`进行测试

## 单元测试运行结果 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][e825fead649749e5a3ed1ac71bf5432b.png]

[e825fead649749e5a3ed1ac71bf5432b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e825fead649749e5a3ed1ac71bf5432b.png