SpringBoot 数据源的自动配置HikariDataSource以及使用Druid数据源

男娘i 2023-10-11 20:29 16阅读 0赞

**目录**

（一）、数据源的自动配置-HikariDataSource

1、导入JDBC场景

2、分析自动配置

3、修改配置项

4、测试

（二）、使用Druid数据源

1、druid官方github地址

2、自定义方式

3、使用官方starter方式

--------------------

### （一）、数据源的自动配置-**HikariDataSource** ###

#### 1、导入JDBC场景 ####

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
 </dependency>

![cecbd443cecc4474be04c120202c6b32.png][]

数据库驱动？

**为什么导入JDBC场景，官方不导入驱动？**官方不知道我们接下要操作什么数据库。

注意：数据库版本要和驱动版本对应

默认版本：<mysql.version>8.0.22</mysql.version>
 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 
 </dependency>
 想要修改版本
 1、直接依赖引入具体版本（maven的就近依赖原则）
 2、重新声明版本（maven的属性的就近优先原则）
 <properties>
 <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 <mysql.version>5.1.49</mysql.version>
 </properties>

#### 2、分析自动配置 ####

1、自动配置的类

*  DataSourceAutoConfiguration ： 数据源的自动配置

*   *  修改数据源相关的配置：**spring.datasource**
     *  **数据库连接池的配置，是自己容器中没有DataSource才自动配置的**
     *  底层配置好的连接池是：**HikariDataSource**

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    	@Conditional(PooledDataSourceCondition.class)
    	@ConditionalOnMissingBean({ DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
    	@Import({ DataSourceConfiguration.Hikari.class, DataSourceConfiguration.Tomcat.class,
    			DataSourceConfiguration.Dbcp2.class, DataSourceConfiguration.OracleUcp.class,
    			DataSourceConfiguration.Generic.class, DataSourceJmxConfiguration.class })
    	protected static class PooledDataSourceConfiguration

*  DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration： 事务管理器的自动配置
 *  JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration： **JdbcTemplate的自动配置，可以来对数据库进行crud**

*   *  可以修改这个配置项@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = **"spring.jdbc"**) 来修改JdbcTemplate
     *  JdbcTemplate；容器中有这个组件

*  JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration： jndi的自动配置
 *  XADataSourceAutoConfiguration： 分布式事务相关的

#### 3、修改配置项 ####

spring:
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_account
        username: root
        password: 123456
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

#### 4、测试 ####

@Slf4j
    @SpringBootTest
    class Boot05WebAdminApplicationTests {
    
        @Autowired
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    
        @Test
        void contextLoads() {
    
            Long aLong = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account_tbl", Long.class);
            log.info("记录总数：{}",aLong);
        }
    
    }

### （二）、使用Druid数据源 ###

#### 1、druid官方github地址 ####

[GitHub - alibaba/druid: 阿里云计算平台DataWorks(https://help.aliyun.com/document\_detail/137663.html) 团队出品，为监控而生的数据库连接池][GitHub - alibaba_druid_ _DataWorks_https_help.aliyun.com_document_detail_137663.html_]

整合第三方技术的两种方式

*  自定义
 *  找starter

#### 2、自定义方式 ####

**1、创建数据源**

导入druid的依赖
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
 <version>1.1.17</version>
 </dependency>

**2、StatViewServlet**

StatViewServlet的用途包括：

*  提供监控信息展示的html页面
 *  提供监控信息的JSON API

<servlet>
 		<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
 		<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
 	</servlet>
 	<servlet-mapping>
 		<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
 		<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
 	</servlet-mapping>

**3、StatFilter**  
用于统计监控信息；如SQL监控、URI监控

需要给数据源中配置如下属性；可以允许多个filter，多个用，分割；如：
 
 <property name="filters" value="stat,slf4j" />

系统中所有filter：

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> 别名 </td> 
 <td> Filter类名 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> default </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> stat </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> mergeStat </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.MergeStatFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> encoding </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.encoding.EncodingConvertFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> log4j </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Log4jFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> log4j2 </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Log4j2Filter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> slf4j </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Slf4jLogFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> commonlogging </td> 
 <td> com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.CommonsLogFilter </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**慢SQL记录配置**

<bean id="stat-filter" class="com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter">
 <property name="slowSqlMillis" value="10000" />
 <property name="logSlowSql" value="true" />
 </bean>
 
 使用 slowSqlMillis 定义慢SQL的时长

上面的配置也可以通过配置类直接编码实现

@Configuration
 public class MyDatasourceConfig {
 @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource")
 @Bean
 public DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {
 DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
 //加入监控功能
 druidDataSource.setFilters("stat,wall");
 return druidDataSource;
 }
 
 
 /*
 * 配置Druid的监控页功能
 */
 @Bean
 public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet() {
 StatViewServlet statViewServlet = new StatViewServlet();
 ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> servletServletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet>(statViewServlet,"/druid/*");
 servletServletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername","admin");
 servletServletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword","123456");
 return servletServletRegistrationBean;
 }
 
 /*
 * webStatFilter 用于采集web-jdbc关联监控的数据
 */
 @Bean
 public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter() {
 WebStatFilter webStatFilter = new WebStatFilter();
 FilterRegistrationBean<WebStatFilter> webStatFilterFilterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(webStatFilter);
 webStatFilterFilterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
 webStatFilterFilterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
 return webStatFilterFilterRegistrationBean;
 }
 }

#### 3、使用官方starter方式 ####

**1、引入druid-starter**

<dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
 <version>1.1.17</version>
 </dependency>

**2、分析自动配置**

*  扩展配置项 **spring.datasource.druid**
 *  DruidSpringAopConfiguration.**class**, 监控SpringBean的；配置项：**spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns**
 *  DruidStatViewServletConfiguration.**class**, 监控页的配置：**spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet；默认开启**
 *  DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration.**class**, web监控配置；**spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter；默认开启**
 *  DruidFilterConfiguration.**class**\}) 所有Druid自己filter的配置

private static final String FILTER_STAT_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat";
        private static final String FILTER_CONFIG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.config";
        private static final String FILTER_ENCODING_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.encoding";
        private static final String FILTER_SLF4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.slf4j";
        private static final String FILTER_LOG4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j";
        private static final String FILTER_LOG4J2_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j2";
        private static final String FILTER_COMMONS_LOG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.commons-log";
        private static final String FILTER_WALL_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall";

**3、配置示例**

spring:
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_account
        username: root
        password: 123456
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
        druid:
          aop-patterns: com.atguigu.admin.*  #监控SpringBean
          filters: stat,wall     # 底层开启功能，stat（sql监控），wall（防火墙）
    
          stat-view-servlet:   # 配置监控页功能
            enabled: true
            login-username: admin
            login-password: admin
            resetEnable: false
    
          web-stat-filter:  # 监控web
            enabled: true
            urlPattern: /*
            exclusions: '*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*'
    
    
          filter:
            stat:    # 对上面filters里面的stat的详细配置
              slow-sql-millis: 1000
              logSlowSql: true
              enabled: true
            wall:
              enabled: true
              config:
                drop-table-allow: false

SpringBoot配置示例

[https://github.com/alibaba/druid/tree/master/druid-spring-boot-starter][https_github.com_alibaba_druid_tree_master_druid-spring-boot-starter]

配置项列表[https://github.com/alibaba/druid/wiki/DruidDataSource%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8][https_github.com_alibaba_druid_wiki_DruidDataSource_E9_85_8D_E7_BD_AE_E5_B1_9E_E6_80_A7_E5_88_97_E8_A1_A8]

[cecbd443cecc4474be04c120202c6b32.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/cecbd443cecc4474be04c120202c6b32.png
[GitHub - alibaba_druid_ _DataWorks_https_help.aliyun.com_document_detail_137663.html_]: https://github.com/alibaba/druid
[https_github.com_alibaba_druid_tree_master_druid-spring-boot-starter]: https://github.com/alibaba/druid/tree/master/druid-spring-boot-starter
[https_github.com_alibaba_druid_wiki_DruidDataSource_E9_85_8D_E7_BD_AE_E5_B1_9E_E6_80_A7_E5_88_97_E8_A1_A8]: https://github.com/alibaba/druid/wiki/DruidDataSource%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8