RabbitMQ 消息队列学习笔记

古城微笑少年丶 2023-10-11 10:44 48阅读 0赞

**服务环境**：Centos 7

**客户端环境**：windows、 IDEA、Java

**1.1.0、安装Erlang：**

wget http://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm  
rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

rpm --import http://packages.erlang-solutions.com/rpm/erlang\_solutions.asc  
yum install erlang

安装好后输入 erl命令确认是否安装成

![20190922231435152.PNG][]

**1.2.0、安装RabbitMQ**

下载源码包（可能有点慢）

wget [https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.7.18/rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm][https_github.com_rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server_releases_download_v3.7.18_rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm]

rpm -ivh [rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm][https_github.com_rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server_releases_download_v3.7.18_rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm]

执行上面这条命令如果出现如下图错误：

![20190922235357440.PNG][]

**1.2.1、解决方法：**

yum -y install socat

执行成功后，返回到上面安装 rpm -ivh [rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm][https_github.com_rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server_releases_download_v3.7.18_rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm]

**1.2.2、启动、停止、重新启动**

service rabbitmq-server start  
service rabbitmq-server stop  
service rabbitmq-server restart

**1.2.3、设置开机自启**

chkconfig rabbitmq-server on

**1.2.4、开启web界面管理工具**  
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq\_management  
service rabbitmq-server restart

**1.2.5、开启用户远程访问**  
vim /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq\_server-3.7.18/ebin/rabbit.app  
将：\{loopback\_users, \[<<”guest”>>\]\}，  
改为：\{loopback\_users, \[\]\}，

改后如下图：

![20190923003250633.PNG][]

再重启rabbitmq：

service rabbitmq-server restart

**1.2.6、登录管理页面**

在浏览器访问服务器15672端口登录管理界面：

使用RabbitMQ默认的用户和密码登录：

用户：guest

密码：guest

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

登录成功后的管理界面：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

** 1.3.0、添加用户**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**Tags：角色**

**RabbitMQ各类角色描述：**

1、超级管理员(administrator)  
可登陆管理控制台，可查看所有的信息，并且可以对用户，策略(policy)进行操作。  
2、监控者(monitoring)  
可登陆管理控制台，同时可以查看rabbitmq节点的相关信息(进程数，内存使用情况，磁盘使用情况等)  
3、策略制定者(policymaker)  
可登陆管理控制台, 同时可以对policy进行管理。但无法查看节点的相关信息(上图红框标识的部分)。  
4、普通管理者(management)  
仅可登陆管理控制台，无法看到节点信息，也无法对策略进行管理。  
5、其他  
无法登陆管理控制台，通常就是普通的生产者和消费者。

**1.4.0、创建Virtual Hosts**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**1.5.0、为用户设置权限**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

**点击用户名进到如下页面**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

** 查看已经添加的权限：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

**1.6.0、简单队列的实现**

新建一个maven项目用来测试目录如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**实现队列图示：**

![20190923194511150.PNG][]

**P：生产者**

**C：消费者**

**共色格子为队列**

**1.6.1、导入RabbitMQ的客户端依赖**

<dependency>
       <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
       <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
       <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>

**1.6.2、获取MQ的连接（ConnectionUtil.java）**

package com.test.mq;
    
    import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
    
    public class ConnectionUtil {
    
        //获取MQ连接
        public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception{
            //定义连接工厂
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            //MQ所在主机的ip
            factory.setHost("localhost");
            //MQ所在端口
            factory.setPort(5672);
            //设置账号信息，虚拟主机，用户名，密码
            factory.setVirtualHost("testHost");
            factory.setUsername("testUser");
            factory.setPassword("123456");
    
            //通过工厂获取连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            return  connection;
        }
    }

**1.6.3、生产者发送消息到队列（send.java）**

package com.test.mq;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    public class Send {
        //队列名称
        private final static String QUEUE_NAME ="test_01";
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //获取连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            //从连接中创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //声明队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false,false,false,null);
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("请输入消息内容按回车键发送消息！输入Q按回车键退出。");
            //发送的消息
            String message = sc.next();
            while (!message.equals("q")){
                //把消息发送到队列中
                channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
                System.out.println("消息发送成功！");
                System.out.println("请输入消息内容按回车键发送消息！输入Q按回车键退出。");
                message = sc.next();
            }
            //关闭通道和连接
            channel.close();
            connection.close();
            System.out.println("队列已关闭");
            
        }
    }

运行后输入消息到队列中：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**1.6.4、打开管理界面查看队列中的消息情况**

**![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]**

**点击队列名进去：**

**![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]**

**可以看到发送到队列中的消息，如果被消费者消费之后消息就不在了，接下来写个消费者从队列获取（消费）消息。**

**1.6.5、消费者从队列中获取消息（Receive.java）**

package com.test.mq;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
    public class Receive {
        //队列名称
        private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_01";
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //获取连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            //从连接中创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //声明队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false,false,false,null);
            //定义队列的消费者
            QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
            //监听队列
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);
            //循环获取消息
            while (true){
                QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
                String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
                System.out.println("接收到的消息："+message);
                //休眠1秒
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
    }

**运行消费者获取消息：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3p6cWFhYXNzcw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

到此一个简单的消息队列已经实现，能力有限，内容仅供自己查阅。

[20190922231435152.PNG]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190922231435152.PNG
[https_github.com_rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server_releases_download_v3.7.18_rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm]: https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.7.18/rabbitmq-server-3.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[20190922235357440.PNG]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190922235357440.PNG
[20190923003250633.PNG]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190923003250633.PNG
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[20190923194511150.PNG]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190923194511150.PNG
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