Python爬虫 —— 知乎之selenium模拟登陆获取cookies+requests.Session()访问+session序列化-转...-蒲公英云

Python爬虫 —— 知乎之selenium模拟登陆获取cookies+requests.Session()访问+session序列化-转...

转自https://www.cnblogs.com/DOLFAMINGO/p/9170429.html

1 # coding:utf-8
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 import requests
 4 import sys
 5 import time
 6 from lxml import etree
 7 import cPickle
 8 import os
 9 # reload(sys)
10 # sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
11 
12 class Zhihu:
13     def __init__(self,homeurl):
14         self.homeurl = homeurl
15 
16     def save_session(self,session): #保存session，下次可直接使用，避免再次登录
17         with open('session.txt','wb') as f:
18             cPickle.dump(session, f)
19             print "Cookies have been writed."
20 
21     def load_session(self):     #加载session
22         with open('session.txt', 'rb') as f:
23             s = cPickle.load(f)
24         return s
25 
26     def GetCookies(self):       #初次登录用selenium模拟，并获得cookies
27         browser = webdriver.Chrome()
28         browser.get("https://www.zhihu.com/signin")
29         browser.find_element_by_xpath("//main//div[2]/div[1]/form/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/input").send_keys("13060882373")
30         browser.find_element_by_xpath("//main//div[2]/div[1]/form/div[2]/div/div[1]/input").send_keys("xxxxxx")
31         browser.find_element_by_xpath("//main//div[2]/div[1]/form/button").click()
32         time.sleep(10)
33         cookies = browser.get_cookies()
34         browser.quit()
35         return cookies
36 
37     def get_session(self):  #获取session
38         s = requests.Session()
39         if not os.path.exists('session.txt'):   #如果没有session，则创建一个，并且保存到文件中
40             s.headers.clear()
41             for cookie in self.GetCookies():
42                 s.cookies.set(cookie['name'], cookie['value'])
43             self.save_session(s)
44         else:                                   #如果已存在session，则直接加载使用
45             s = self.load_session()
46         return s
47 
48     def Crawl(self):    #开始爬取
49         s = self.get_session()
50         html = s.get(self.homeurl).text
51         html_tree = etree.HTML(html)
52         items = html_tree.xpath('//main//div[1]/div[2]//div[@class="ContentItem AnswerItem"]/@data-zop')
53         for item in items:
54             content = eval(item)
55             authorName = content['authorName']
56             title = content['title']
57             print authorName + "回答了：" + title
58 
59 zhihu = Zhihu('https://www.zhihu.com/')
60 zhihu.Crawl()