Mqtt安装及部署手册（包含与WebSocket通信配置）

Dear 丶 2023-10-05 22:53 1阅读 0赞

## 下载并安装MQTT ##

1.首先搭建起MQTT服务

1.1安装mosquitto，mosquitto是开源的MQTT代理服务器，它的Windows安装包地址：https://mosquitto.org/download/  
![\* 这里建议下载2.0.11版本，个别版本和Socket通信会出现问题][_2.0.11_Socket]

*  这里建议下载2.0.11版本，个别版本和Socket通信会出现问题，**这个是个坑点**，看下图；
 *  ![在这里插入图片描述][b45265de40824e39975c4cd624d53ff6.png]

1.2 安装完成后，去安装目录下找到mosquitt.conf 文件，记事本方式打开，配置参数；  
![在这里插入图片描述][46cfb35fc38549feb5ea97d7c89cfd34.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][01c0eb4123e04982afd4f77c3a0bd044.png]

\*这里的8888，mqtt通信端口，9001是WebSocket协议端口，建议额外配置一下匿名访问：allow\_anonymous true；  
![在这里插入图片描述][47f11b1e73ba488fa87d6a6a70578b30.png]

1.3 接下来启动Mqtt服务；  
![打开cmd窗口，定位到安装目录下][cmd]  
执行：mosquitto\_passwd.exe -c pwfile.example -u vic

设置用户名：admin 设置密码：123456

配置文件检查：  
mosquitto.exe -c mosquitto.conf  
未报错说明配置正确（卡着不动了，重新打开cmd，定位到安装目录，执行下面的命令即可）

端口启动

默认端口：8888

启动：mosquitto.exe

指定端口启动：mosquitto.exe -p 8888

下面就可以启动订阅者和发布者了，上面的启动窗口不要关闭哦，下面分别再打开两个cmd窗口；

①订阅者启动

\-u是用户名，-P是密码，-t是主题，-h是ip，-p是端口号

mosquitto\_sub.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8888 -t topic -u admin -P 123456

② 发布者

mosquitto\_pub.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8888 -u admin -P 123456 -t topic -m “hello world 123456”

**这里的主题 “topic” 两方必须保持一致，否则收不到信息**

*若执行发布者和订阅者命令时，若出现*\*“由于目标计算机积极拒绝，无法连接”\*\*，大概率是权限问题，设一下mosquitto.conf文件的权限，**这个是个坑点；**  
![6461a7f1d6b340748debe3c3cbd78df2.png][]  
用命令：mosquitto -c mosquitto.conf -v  
重启一下服务即可；

上面配置完，就可以模拟MQTT正常通信了；

## Winform采集信息（发布者） ##

1.安装Nuget包，M2Mqtt

下面直接贴部分源码

public class ProgramName  
\{  
// sub后的操作  
static void client\_MqttMsgSubscribed(object sender, MqttMsgSubscribedEventArgs e)  
\{  
Console.Write(“订阅完成!”);

}
        // 接受消息后的操作
        static void client_MqttMsgPublishReceived(object sender, MqttMsgPublishEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.Write("接收到消息!");
    
        }
        // 发布消息后的操作
        static void client_MqttMsgPublished(object sender, MqttMsgPublishedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.Write("发送完成!");
    
        }
        // 关闭连接后的操作
        static void client_ConnectionClosed(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.Write("关闭后的操作!");
    
        }
        // 取消sub后的操作
        static void client_MqttMsgUnsubscribed(object sender, MqttMsgUnsubscribedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("链接关闭"!);
        }
    
    
     
     
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string ip = "www.mqqq.com";//或者192.168.1.20 Ip地址
            string user = "admin";
            string pwd = "123456";
            string clientid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); // 唯一ID
            string[] topic = new string[] { "topic" };//消息主题，很重要，WebSocket那里要保持一致
                 
            byte[] qosLevels = new byte[] { MqttMsgBase.QOS_LEVEL_AT_LEAST_ONCE }; 
            
            MqttClient client = new MqttClient(ip ,8888,false,null,null,MqttSslProtocols.None);//端口号很重要
            client.ProtocolVersion = MqttProtocolVersion.Version_3_1;
            Console.WriteLine(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            byte code = client.Connect(clientid,
                                        user, 
                                        pwd,
                                        true, 
                                        60); 
            client.MqttMsgPublishReceived += client_MqttMsgPublishReceived;
            client.MqttMsgSubscribed += client_MqttMsgSubscribed;
            client.MqttMsgUnsubscribed += client_MqttMsgUnsubscribed;
            client.MqttMsgPublished += client_MqttMsgPublished;
            client.ConnectionClosed += client_ConnectionClosed;
            client.Subscribe(topic, qosLevels); 
             string msg1 = “message121221212122”;// message
                byte[] msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg1);//消息必须转一下
                ushort msgId = client.Publish("tt", // topic
                                              msg, 
                                              0, 
                                              false); // 消息发送
    
            client.Disconnect();
            
        }
    }

## Web端接收信息（订阅者） ##

废话不多说，直接上Demo

Serial Logger and Plotter

ws地址： 端口号：

消息名称：

connect end

Received:

// 将在全局初始化一个 mqtt 变量  
console.log(mqtt)  
const clientId = ‘mqttjs\_’ + Math.random().toString(16).substr(2, 8)；

$(function(){
       $("#butConnect").click(function(){
               //const host = 'ws://broker.emqx.io:8083/mqtt'
    //const host = 'ws://broker.emqx.io:8083/mqtt'
              //const host = 'ws://broker.mqttdashboard.com:8000/mqtt'
              const host = 'ws://'+$("#mqttip").val()+':'+$("#mqttport").val()+'/mqtt'

const options = \{  
keepalive: 60,  
clientId: clientId,  
protocolId: ‘MQTT’,  
protocolVersion: 4,  
clean: true,  
reconnectPeriod: 1000,  
connectTimeout: 30 \* 1000,  
will: \{  
topic: ‘testopic’,  
payload: ‘Connection Closed abnormally…!’,  
qos: 0,  
retain: false  
\},  
\}  
console.log(‘正在连接(Connecting mqtt client)’)  
const client = mqtt.connect(host, options)

client.on(‘error’, (err) => \{  
console.log('Connection error: ', err)  
client.end()  
\})

client.on(‘connect’, () => \{  
console.log(‘连接成功（Client connected）:’ + clientId)  
// Subscribe  
//消息名称  
//client.subscribe(‘testopic’, \{ qos: 0 \})  
client.subscribe($(“\#msname”).val(), \{ qos: 0 \})  
\})

client.on(‘reconnect’, () => \{  
console.log(‘Reconnecting…’)  
\})  
//接收消息  
client.on(‘message’, (topic, message, packet) => \{  
console.log('收到消息：Received Message: ’ + message.toString() + '\\nOn topic: ’ + topic)

$(“\#received-data-list”).append(‘收到消息：Received Message: ’ + message.toString() + ‘\\nOn topic: ’ + topic);  
$(“\#received-data-list”).append(’  
’);  
\})  
\});  
\});

</script>

\***特别注意：**

这个引用很关键；  
ws 协议下，必须使用上面mqtt的WebSocket端口 9001 ，千万不能错了；  
若要用mqtt，请换成const host = ‘mqtt://’+KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '\#' at position 3: ("\#̲mqttip").val()+…(“\#mqttport”).val()+‘/mqtt’；（作者未尝试，请自行探索）

[_2.0.11_Socket]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/91b90441bab64807b89471514e75e54e.png
[b45265de40824e39975c4cd624d53ff6.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/b45265de40824e39975c4cd624d53ff6.png
[46cfb35fc38549feb5ea97d7c89cfd34.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/46cfb35fc38549feb5ea97d7c89cfd34.png
[01c0eb4123e04982afd4f77c3a0bd044.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/01c0eb4123e04982afd4f77c3a0bd044.png
[47f11b1e73ba488fa87d6a6a70578b30.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/47f11b1e73ba488fa87d6a6a70578b30.png
[cmd]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d33ffa6116d24bcf9f4695d586990d0f.png
[6461a7f1d6b340748debe3c3cbd78df2.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6461a7f1d6b340748debe3c3cbd78df2.png